scholarly journals Effects of heavy metals and pesticides on survival of Artemia franciscana

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Falis ◽  
Michaela Špalková ◽  
Jaroslav Legáth
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Artemia Franciscana ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Combined Toxicity ◽  
Group A

Assessment of the potential risk of pesticides is an important part of registration procedures in many countries. However, risk assessment of several pesticides used during the growing season has not been carried out. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pesticides (azoxystrobin and glyphosate), heavy metals (cadmium chloride, potassium dichromate, zinc disulphate) and their combinations on lethality to Artemia franciscana. In total, 1,250 freshly hatched nauplii of A. franciscana were used in the study. They were placed in 125 Petri dishes (10 nauplii in one Petri dish) containing 10 ml of azoxystrobin, glyphosate, cadmium chloride, potassium dichromate and zinc sulphate separately, or their combinations; the control dish contained only sea water. Each experimental set consisted of 50 nauplii which were divided into five replicates of 10 nauplii per replicate. Live A. franciscana were counted after 24, 48, 72 and 96 h and the numbers were compared with the control group. A significant (P < 0.05) decrease in lethality was observed after exposure to azoxystrobin in combination with glyphosate after 48, 72 and 96 h of exposure, in combination with glyphosate and potassium dichromate after 48 h of exposure, and in combination with glyphosate and zinc disulphate after 48, 72 and 96 h of exposure. The results of this study provide information about the combined toxicity of pesticides used during the growing season and some heavy metals as major pollutants of the rural environment. A study of this kind has not been conducted yet. Further research for investigation of the combined toxicity of pollutants and pesticides is required.

scholarly journals Interaction of radionuclide 131I and cadmium chloride in an alternative bioassay with Artemia franciscana evaluated by a digital record

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-420
Author(s):  
Ladislav Kovářík ◽  
Petr Dvořák ◽  
Katarína Beňová ◽  
Jana Doležalová ◽  
Martin Tomko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Artemia Franciscana ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Volumetric Activity ◽  
Radiation Hormesis ◽  
Digital Record ◽  
Digital Recordings

The interaction of radionuclide 131I and cadmium chloride was investigated by an alternative bioassay using the crustaceans Artemia franciscana. Fifty individuals were placed in each Petri dish. Due to radiation protection, evaluation of the experiment was performed using digital recordings taken by a camera. In the group containing a cadmium solution with an added radionuclide with a volumetric activity of 32 MBq·l-1, the lethality was significantly lower than in the group containing only a cadmium solution of 0.250 mmol·l-1. In the cadmium solution group and higher volumetric activity of radionuclide 131I (370 MBq·l-1), the lethality was significantly higher than in the control group, which demonstrated a synergistic effect. It was found that lethality was lower in the group containing only radionuclide 131I with a volumetric activity of 138 MBq·l-1 than in the control group. This result supports the theory of radiation hormesis.

scholarly journals Interaction of Low Doses of Ionizing Radiation, Potassium Dichromate and Cadmium Chloride in Artemia franciscana Biotest

2007 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Beňová ◽  
P. Dvořák ◽  
M. Falis ◽  
Z. Sklenář
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Artemia Franciscana ◽  
Low Doses

The influence of cadmium chloride (at concentrations of 100 and 200 mg l-1) and potassium dichromate (at a concentration of 50 mg l-1) along with the effect of gamma radiation 60Co (at a dose of 10 and 50 Gy) on lethality to Artemia franciscana was investigated. Four different interactions were studied, namely, those of potassium dichromate and gamma radiation, cadmium chloride and gamma radiation, and combinations of potassium dichromate and cadmium chloride in interaction with gamma radiation. A significant (α = 0.05) decrease was observed in lethality due to exposure to radiation (10 Gy) in comparison with action of only potassium dichromate and cadmium chloride or their combination without exposure to gamma rays. These results support the theory of hormesis.

scholarly journals Use of the Crustacean Artemia franciscana for Alternative Biotests

2010 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. S47-S53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Dvořák ◽  
Katarína Beňová ◽  
Michal Žďárský ◽  
Zbyněk Sklenář ◽  
Alena Havelková
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Artemia Franciscana ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Toxicological Screening ◽  
Cyclin Dependent Kinases ◽  
Oxidative Effects

Use of the crustacean Artemia franciscana for alternative biotests of the second generation was studied, and possible experimental design and applications of such tests outlined. In addition to the classical use in ecotoxicology, the test can be used in pharmacology as well, or to monitor the effects of ionizing radiation in co-exposure with some chemical compounds. The synergistic effect of co-exposure of PCB (DELOR 103), cadmium chloride and potassium dichromate with beta 89Sr irradiation was shown. We also demonstrated the anti-oxidative and pro-oxidative effects of the ascorbic acid in dependence on its concentration. Use of the pharmaco-toxicological screening in search for the novel inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases was demonstrated as well, showing that Artemia franciscana may be used as a suitable biosensor instead of the expensive tests on higher vertebrates.

ZINC IN THE RATIONS OF CALVES

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Zinc Compounds ◽  
Entire Duration ◽  
Zinc Salts ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hair Cortex

According to the Tambovagrochemcenter data, zinc deficiency in animal rations exceeds 33%. To de-termine the efficiency of ration additives 3 groups of calves were formed, one of which was control and received regular feed, first test group received additional Zinc Sulphate, and second test group received additional Zinc Bioplex. To assess the results, we take into account the following values: chemical com-position and nutritional values of the feed, body mass value, amount of immunoglobulins in blood, bio-chemical and hematological values of blood, morphological values of fur and skin. Noticeable results were achieved in 4 months, with first and second test groups receiving accordingly 3,15% and 6,13% more body mass increase over the control group. A tendency towards higher albumin concentration in both test groups was noted, and calves of the second test group had higher amounts of hemoglobin and higher concentrations of it per erythrocyte. In samples of epidermis and hairs of the second test group the papillary layer was well developed, with the amount of hair and hair follicles exceeding 7 in the field of view, with the thickness of hairs being at least 70 μm. Inner papilla of hair contained 6 to 8 layers of hair, thickness of awn hairs reaching 80-90 μm, down hairs reaching 40 μm, with the hair cortex making up more than 80% of the hair thickness. Thus, introducing zinc salts and chelated zinc compounds to the milk-fed calves’ ration, has resulted in monetary profit increases over the control group by 255,0 and 612,0 roubles accordingly. By all researched values, the highest results were reached from adding zinc bioplex with approximately 360 mg added per animal for the entire duration of the growth process.

Variations in Mineral/heavy metals profiling and preventive role of trichomes in Peach Fruits treated with CaC2

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Safdar Abbas ◽  
Beenish Jehan Azhar ◽  
Shakeel Ahmad ◽  
Hafsa Muhammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
Calcium Carbide ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tandem Accelerator ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Elemental Profiling

Background: Phytonutrients in peach fruits have health promoting antioxidants against various chronic diseases. However, there is no extensive data to show the nutritional values of Local peach cultivars after post-harvest treatments. Objective: Mainly this study was objective to determine the effect of calcium carbide on nutritional value and quality of fruits of Pakistani peach cultivars. Methods: The peach fruits were collected from three different peach orchids of KPK and the fruits were divided into 4 groups while 5th group was collected from local fruit shop. Each experimental group was treated with different concentration of calcium carbide whereas control group was not treated. The peel and pulp samples were oven dried and ground to fine powder separately. The elemental compositions were determined using Particle Induced X-ray emission and Pelletron Tandem Accelerator. Result: Sixteen elements were identified in peach fruits and the elements were Al, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, and Se. In peel, concentration of some elements increased or decreased after treatment with CaC2 while in pulp the conc. of nearly all detected elements was increased in treated samples. We found significantly high amount of heavy metals traces including As, Se, Co, Si, and P in peach fruits treated with CaC2. Interestingly, the presence of trichomes in peach skin prevents the transfer of these heavy metals deep into the pulp which was also verified by the elemental profiling of nectarines. Conclusion: Conclusively, the artificial ripening with CaC2 changed the nutritional value of peach fruits that has higher health risks if consume with the peel. According to our best knowledge, this is the first report that highlights the effects of CaC2 which deteriorate the nutritional value of peach fruits in Pakistan.

Maximum Temperature Through a Yttrium Stabilized Zirconia Ceramic After Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Irradiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel Stringer ◽  
Sarah Malley ◽  
Darrell M. Hutto ◽  
Jason A. Griggs ◽  
Susana M. Salazar Marocho
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Zirconia Ceramic ◽  
Tooth Pulp ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stabilized Zirconia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Power Setting ◽  
Group A

Background: The most common approach to remove yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) fixed-dental prostheses (FDPs) is by means of diamond burs attached to a high-speed handpiece. This process is time-consuming and destructive. The use of lasers over mechanical instrumentation for removal of FDPs can lead to efficient and predictable restoration retrievability. However, the heat produced might damage the tooth pulp (>42˚C). Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the maximum temperature (T) reached during the use of different settings of the erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet Er,Cr:YSGG laser through a YSZ ceramic. Methods: YSZ slices (1 mm thick) were assigned into 7 groups. For the control group, a diamond bur was used to cut a 1 mm groove into the YSZ slices. For the 6 experimental groups, the laser was operated at a constant combination of 33% water and 66% air during 30 s with two different power settings (W) at three frequencies (PPS), as follows (W/PPS): 2.5/20, 2.5/30, 2.5/45, 4.5/20, 4.5/30, 4.5/45. The T through the YSZ slice was recorded in degrees Celsius by using a digital thermometer with a K thermocouple. Results: The median T of the control group was 26.5˚C. The use of 4.5 W resulted in the median T (˚C) of 44.2 at 20 PPS, 53.3 at 30 PPS, and 58.9 at 45 PPS, while 2.5 W showed 34.6, 31.6, and 25.0 at 20, 30, and 45 PPS, respectively. KruskalWallis one-way ANOVA showed that within each power setting, the T was similar. The high power and lowest frequency (4.5/20) showed no significant difference from the 2.5 W settings and the control group. Conclusion: The lower power setting (2.5 W) is a potential method for the use of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser to debond YSZ structures. The higher power (4.5 W) with high frequencies (30 and 45 PPS) is unsuitable.

Clinical effect of Suvarna Bindu Prashan

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patil Aniket ◽  
Dindore Pallavi ◽  
Arbar Aziz ◽  
Kadam Avinash ◽  
Saroch Vikas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inform Consent ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Immune Booster ◽  
Mental And Physical Health ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The quest for excellence in mental and physical health is not new. We find various references and formulations in Ayurvedic classics meant for promoting mental and physical health of a child. Suvarna Prashan is one of the formulations explained in age old Ayurvedic classic Kashyap Samhita. This formulation is very widely used now days as a memory and immune booster for children. But there is very little systematic documented study which can be used to evaluate the efficacy of the formulation. Suvarna Bhasma was prepared in Ayurved Rasayani Pharmacy, Pune. Madhu and Ghrita were collected from KLE Ayurveda Pharmacy, Belgaum. Suvarna Bindu Prashan was prepared in KLE Ayurved pharmacy, Belgaum. It contains Suvarna Bhasma, Ghrita and Madhu. Twenty apparently healthy male and female children with age group of three to four years were ready to sign inform consent form were selected into two groups each. Subjects in Group A received Suvarna Bindu Prashan where as Group B (Control group) did not receive any treatment. Both the groups were observed for six months. Children in Suvarna Bindu Prashan group showed significant reduction in the scores of eating habits, behavior, mood, temperament and scores of event of illness. However there was no significant difference in the score of sleeping habit. There was significant increase in IQ percentage.

Feedback based on health advice via tracing bracelet and smartphone in the management of Blood Pressure among hypertensive patients: A Community-based RCT Trial in Chongqing, China (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Yang Tao ◽  
Yun Zhong ◽  
Jacqueline Thompson ◽  
Jamal Rahmani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Attrition Rates ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Professional Health ◽  
Group A ◽  
And Control ◽  
Study Intervention

UNSTRUCTURED Lifestyle interventions have been recognised as a line treatment of non-communicable diseases. The aimed of this study was to evaluate a bespoke mHealth approach to delivers personalised feedback to improve blood pressure and weight for hypertensive patients in community settings. A total of 307 participants, 50 from each community, were expected to be in the intervention or control group. A professional health facilitator was assigned for each of the 6 communities. The primary outcomes of the study are the reduction in blood pressure and weight at baseline and post-intervention. Of 307 recruited,192 (62.5%) participants completed the study (intervention: 104 and control: 88). There was no difference in attrition rates between the two groups (33.5%vs41.9%, p=0.291). After 6-months of intensive feedback intervention through mHealth approach, patients had better blood pressure, weight, and BMI compared with control. People who were adherent to the intervention demonstrated a clinical benefit with regards to weight and blood pressure.

scholarly journals Low-dose sublingual immunotherapy compared to subcutaneous immunotherapy and conventional therapy in childhood asthma

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
Ariyanto Harsono
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Sublingual Immunotherapy ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Subcutaneous Immunotherapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Treat Ment ◽  
Group A

Background Evidence begin to accumulate that high-dose sub-lingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is as effective as subcutaneousimmunotherapy (SIT) in the treatment of childhood asthma.Since the capacity of sublingual area is similar whether the doseis high or low, the efficacy of low dose may be important to bestudied.Objective To investigate the efficacy of low-dose sublingual im-munotherapy in the treatment of childhood asthma.Methods Parents signed informed consent prior to enrollment,after having received information about the study. Patients weremoderate asthma aged 6-14 years with disease onset of lessthan 2 years before the commencement of the study and peakexpiratory flow rate (PEFR) variability of more than 15%. Pa-tients were randomly allocated into group A, B, and C whoreceived subcutaneous immunotherapy, low-dose sublingualimmunotherapy, and conventional asthma therapy, respectively.Randomization was stratified into two strata according to agei.e., 6-11 years or 11-14 years. Patients of each stratum wererandomized in block of three for each group. At the end of threemonths, lung function tests were repeated. The primary outcomewas PEFR variability at the end of the study. The study wasapproved by the Ethics Committee of Soetomo HospitalSurabaya.Results Distribution of variants as represented by sex, age,eosinophil count, and total IgE concentration were normal inthe three groups. PEFR variability decreased significantly from16.97+0.81 to 8.50+5.08 and 17.0+0.87 to 8.40+4.72 in groupreceiving SIT and SLIT, respectively (p<0.05), but decreasednot significantly from 17.00+0.83 to 10.82+0.5.41 in control group(p>0.05).Conclusion Low-dose SLIT is as efficacious as SIT in the treat-ment of moderate asthma in children

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