scholarly journals Oral health status of patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis in two hospitals of Yaoundé Cameroon: A comparative study

2021 ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Oral Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mucosal Lesions

Background: Liver cirrhosis is an ultimate complication of all chronic liver diseases. The oral cavity especially the periodontium is affected by malnutrition, coagulation disorders, immunodeficiency which are some of the main features present in patients with liver cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and determinants of oral pathologies in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis in two hospitals of Yaoundé Cameroon. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional and analytical study comparing the oral health status of decompensated liver cirrhotic patients in Yaoundé with sex and age (±3 years) matched healthy controls from the same area. We enrolled patients with liver cirrhosis (Child Pugh score greater than or equal to 7) and their corresponding healthy controls. For each participant, socio-demographic data, clinical data on liver cirrhosis and on oral examination were collected. Oral examination evaluated the level of oral hygiene, gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD) and Clinical attachment loss (CAL), determined and identified oral mucosal lesions. The mean Decayed-Missing-Filled-Teeth (DMFT) index and prevalence of dental caries were also determined. The groups were then compared with regards to periodontal oral mucosal and dental variables using chi square test and Mantel – Haenszel odds ratio was used to determine the strength of association between decompensated liver cirrhosis and oral pathologies. The student‘s T-test was used to compare mean values of quantitative variables. A p-value ˂ 0.05 was statistically significant. Results: We included a total of 80 participants among which 40 liver cirrhotic patients and 40 sex and age (±3 years) matched controls. The mean age was 50.0(±19.0) years for the cases and 52.4(±17.9) years for the healthy controls. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) were the main aetiology of liver cirrhosis representing 42.5% and 30% respectively and Child Pugh class B (65% of cases) was the most represented stage of the disease. A number of past bucco-dental consultations was significantly less frequent in the cases than the controls (09 versus 18, p = 0.03). Over 80% of cases used an inappropriate brushing technique compared to 60% of controls and 55% of cases used toothbrushes and toothpaste compared to 85% controls (p=0.09). A frequency of brushing at least twice daily was 42.5% in cases compared to 55% in controls (p=0.19). Patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis had a significantly greater prevalence of periodontal disease than the controls (95% versus 77.5%, p = 0.013). In addition, they had greater mean PI (1.8(±0.7) versus 1.6(±0.5), p = 0.182), mean GI index (1.9(±0.8) versus 1.3(±0.64), p = 0.004) and periodontal recession (77.5% versus 47.5%). Oral mucosal lesions and salivary lesions were more frequent in cirrhotic patients than in the healthy controls. These lesions include xerostomia (45% versus 17.5%, p ˂0.001), oral candidiasis (7.5% versus 0%, p = 0.120), lichen planus (17.5% versus 2.5%, p = 0.028), petechiae (57.5% versus 5%, p ˂ 0.001), halitosis (50% versus 7.5%, p ˂0.001) and sialadenitis (17.5% versus 0%, p = 0.006). Higher prevalence’s of dental and mean DMFT index were found in cases than in controls. Factors associated with the development of oral pathologies in decompensated cirrhotic patients were oral consultations (p = 0.046), presence of cytolysis (OR = 2.58, p = 0.042) and inadequate brushing technique (p = 0.004). Conclusion: The prevalence of oral pathologies is higher in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis than corresponding age-sex matched healthy controls.

Evaluation of Oral Health Status Based on the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) Index

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghobad MORADI ◽  
Amjad MOHAMADI BOLBANABAD ◽  
Ardavan MOINAFSHAR ◽  
Hemn ADABI ◽  
Mona SHARAFI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Dental Floss ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
The Mean

Background: The Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) is a valuable index used for determining and monitoring the oral health status in a community. This study aimed to determine the oral health status and its associated factors based on the DMFT index among people aged 15 to 45 yr old in Kurdistan Province, west of Iran. Methods: This study was conducted on 2000 people aged 15-40 yr old in Kurdistan, western Iran in 2015. Using a questionnaire, data were collected by four trained dental students. The dependent variable was the DMFT index. The collected data were analyzed using T-test, ANOVA, Pearson statistics, Kendall statistics, and multiple regression. Results: The mean (SD) values of Decayed teeth (DT), Missing teeth (MT), and Filled teeth (FT) indices in the participants were 2.85±1.7, 1.15±1.84, and 3.33±1.7, respectively. The mean (SD) value of total DMFT index was 7.33±3.0. The results of multiple regression showed that the frequency of using dental floss (coefficient= - 0.296, P=0.001), socio-economic status (coefficient=-0.199, P=0.001), parental education (coefficient= -0.183, P=0.001), frequency of brushing (coefficient=-0.182, P=0.001), and frequency of the use of mouthwash (coefficient=-0/143, P=0.001) had the highest level of with association with the DMFT index. Conclusion: The oral health status of the adult population is alarming and undesirable. The oral and dental health status can be improved via changing behavioral habits (such as brushing, using mouthwashes, and dental floss), promoting socioeconomic status, increasing individual’s and parent's level of education, and enhancing people’s access to health insurance.

scholarly journals Oral Mucosal Lesions among Prisoners in Central Prison, Chennai, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-79
Author(s):  
Minimol K Johny ◽  
T Aby Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Oral Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT Background Oral health status of prisoners has been an area of concern worldwide. The prison population is unique in nature because of the complexities of their psychological, social and behavioral aspects. Limited oral healthcare facilities in prison settings have resulted in neglect of oral health among prisoners. Aim The present study aims to assess oral mucosal lesions among prisoners in Central Prison, Chennai. Materials and methods A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted in Central Prison, Puzhal, Chennai. The study population consisted of 1060 prisoners from three divisions of the Central Prison. Oral mucosal lesions among the prisoners were assessed by a single investigator according to World Health Organization (WHO) specifications. Results The present study shows that among the study subjects, 37.7% of males and 17.1% of females developed oral mucosal lesions. The prevalence of smokers melanosis was 27.6% among males and 8.6% among females. The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions was found to be highest in study subjects of 55 years and above. Conclusion A large proportion of the study subjects had oral mucosal lesions. Oral mucosal lesions like oral submucosis fibrosis, smokers palate and smokers melanosis was found to be common among males than females. Oral healthcare facilities should be incorporated in prison settings which would intercept the progress of oral mucosal lesions. How to cite this article George B, Johny MK, Mathew TA. Oral Mucosal Lesions among Prisoners in Central Prison, Chennai, India. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2015;4(2):77-79.

scholarly journals Oral Mucosal Lesions and DMFT Index Assessment in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients in Birjand, Iran, in 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Parvin Parvaei ◽  
Afsaneh Dorri-giv ◽  
Gholamreza Sharifzadeh ◽  
Hakimeh Malakimoghadam ◽  
Elham Atabati
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Index Score ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mucosal Lesions

Introduction: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) may cause malfunction in the immune system and the inability to observe oral hygiene in patients due to physical deficits. A bacterial infection caused as such can constitute a significant risk factor for the development of systemic infection. The present study aimed to investigate the oral mucosal lesions, the DMFT index, and the Modified Gingival Index (MGI) in RA patients treated in Birjand city. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed with 80 RA patients referred to rheumatology clinics of Birjand in 2018. Data were collected through observation, clinical examination, information forms, and medical records. After the patients were informed about the research purposes and signed consent forms for participation, they were examined at the rheumatology clinics. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 19). Results: Of the 80 patients, n = 64 (80%) had oral mucosal lesions. Dry mouth (66.3%) was the most common finding. The mean DMFT index score was 18.7. Conclusion: Oral mucosal lesions and the mean DMFT index score seem to be at high levels in RA patients, possibly due to the complications of the disease or the consumed medications.

scholarly journals Oral Health Status among Older Adults Attending Public Clinics in Khartoum State, Sudan: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayson Salih ◽  
Raouf Ali ◽  
Elwalid Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mucosal Lesions

Abstract Background As the number of older adults is growing worldwide, understanding the extension of the oral health problems of the older population is important for the determination of treatment needs and for future planning of dental services. This study assessed the oral health status and prosthetic needs among a group of older adults living in Khartoum State, Sudan. Methods A cross sectional study among individuals ≥ 60 years attending Health Care Centers. The clinical examination was based on the WHO oral health examination form for adults, 2013, which includes dentition status, periodontal conditions, oral mucosal lesions, tooth wear, prosthetic status and prosthetic needs. Results 249 older adults participated in the study, 64.3% were males and the mean age was 68.4 years (SD ± 6.7). The mean (DMFT) was 15.9 (SD ± 9.1), with 85.3%, 94.8%, and 19.3% of the participants had decayed, missed or filled teeth, respectively. Periodontal pockets were present in 41.9% of the participants and attachment loss was in 84.2%. Only 14.9% had mucosal lesions while 46.2% showed signs of tooth wear. Although only 5.2% were completely edentulous, 93.2% of the participants need at least one unit prosthesis while only 10% had removable dentures. The main predicting factors of poor oral health were being female, poor oral hygiene practices, frequency and reason of dental visits, and poor perceived poor oral health. Conclusion Despite the low level of edentulism, the oral health of older adults of the studied Sudanese population was poor. They showed high prevalence and severity of missed and decayed teeth, periodontal disease and high prosthetic treatment needs.

scholarly journals Oral health profile of participants of an elderly cohabitation program in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela LASTA ◽  
Angélica DEVILLA ◽  
Vanessa SIMONI ◽  
Jéssica Caroline FORALOSSO ◽  
Michele Gassen KELLERMANN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Health Perception ◽  
The State ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Negative Perception ◽  
Oral Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Prosthetic Need

Abstract Introduction Cohabitation and social interaction programs have been shown to enhance several aspects of the quality of life of the elderly. Objective This observational study assessed the oral health and oral health perception of participants of an elderly cohabitation program in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Material and method Calibrated dental students examined/interviewed 235 participants of the program. The oral examination considered Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index, Community Periodontal Index (CPI), Periodontal Attachment Loss (PAL), use and need of prostheses, and presence of oral mucosal lesions. Oral health perception was verified with the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) questionnaire. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and chi-square test (α=0.05). Result The mean DMFT index was 24.3 teeth, with emphasis on the ‘Missing’ category. Upper and lower prosthetic needs were 53.6 and 71.1%, respectively. Fifty-five per cent of participants presented oral mucosal lesions. Moderate oral health perception prevailed (43%), with mean GOHAI score of 29.9. The negative perception on physical and pain/discomfort dimensions was statistically associated with lower prosthetic need (p<0.05). Conclusion The participants of the cohabitation program presented poor oral health and prevalence of moderate oral health perception. Lower prosthetic need was associated with negative perception.

scholarly journals Oral Health of Lipjan Convicts: Kosovo Prison House

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Luljeta Zajmi ◽  
Agim Begzati ◽  
Milaim Sejdini ◽  
Nora Berisha ◽  
Lumnije Krasniqi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
The Mean

Objectives. The oral health services of the prison population are considered more complex than those of the general population. The aim of this study was to examine the oral health status (the DMFT index and OHI index) and to evaluate the relation between the oral health and risk factors of inmates of this population, thus identifying the dental health status of inmates by gender, age, and the duration of their sentence. Materials and Methods. Our study has included a total number of 150 inmates, of both genders, from Lipjan prison house in Kosovo. Results. Oral health condition of inmates in Lipjan prison house is severe; the average value of DMFT is 8.44: for minors 6.22, while for adults 9.55. The assessment of DMFT index within the recruited inmates in our study shows that the mean rate of oral cure was 3.21, while the mean extraction value and caries were 3.55 and 3.58, respectively. The mean plaque test value was 1.44. Conclusion. Based on this research, we have concluded that the oral health condition of the inmates in Lipjan prison is not good, due to the presence of different risk factors among them.

scholarly journals Oral health status of people with mental disabilities in the municipality of Banja Luka

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Sanja Ilic ◽  
Aleksandra Djeri ◽  
Ljubica Pasagic ◽  
Verica Pavlic ◽  
Ognjenka Jankovic
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mental Disability ◽  
Mental Disabilities ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Mild Disability ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Banja Luka

Introduction. Oral health of mentally disabled people in Republika Srpska is on very low level. The greatest number of these persons is often edentulous or with a small number of teeth with extensive caries, high DMFT index and severe periodontal diseases. The aim of this study was to determine oral health status of people with mental disabilities in the municipality of Banja Luka. Material and Methods. Study included 95 patients (45 females and 50 males), aged 15 to 45 years. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the degree of mental impairment: ICD-10 F71 (65 respondents) and F72 (30 respondents). Dental assessment included: number of present teeth, presence of caries, restorations, number of extracted teeth, presence of residual roots, fractures, presence and number of fixed restorations, gingival and plaque index. Results. The mean DMFT index in patients with severe mental disability was high (17.4), while it was 12.3 in patients with mild disability. The mean value of person caries index (PCI) was 100%. In addition, the mean value of teeth caries index (TCI) in severely disabled persons was 58.1 whereas in those with mild intellectual disability it was 42.4. Average caries index (ACI) in patients with severe mental disability was 16.9 while in the group of patients with mild disability this value was 10.2. Plaque index in severely disabled people was 2.4, while in the second group (mild disability) it was 1.9. Gingival index in patients with severe mental disability was 1.8 and in mild disability group it was 1.3. Conclusion. People with mental disabilities in the municipality of Banjaluka have poor oral health. They do not have habits, attitudes and behavior towards oral health.

scholarly journals Impact of dental caries on oral health related quality of life among preschool children: perceptions of parents

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Pakkhesal ◽  
Elham Riyahi ◽  
AliAkbar Naghavi Alhosseini ◽  
Parisa Amdjadi ◽  
Nasser Behnampour
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Childhood dental caries can affect the children’s and their parents’ oral health-related quality of life. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of oral and dental health conditions on the oral health-related quality of life in preschool children and their parents. Methods In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, samples were selected from children 3 to 6 years old enrolled in licensed kindergartens using "proportional allocation" sampling. Then, the parents of the children were asked to complete the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). Results In this study, 350 children aged 3 to 6 years were evaluated with a mean age of 4.73 years. The mean dmft index (decayed, missed, and filled teeth) was 3.94 ± 4.17. The mean score of oral health-related quality of life was 11.88 ± 6.9, which 9.36 ± 5.02 belongs to the impact on children and 2.52 ± 3.20 to parents' impact. Conclusions The mean score of ECOHIS increased with the dmft index increase in children, indicating a significant relationship between the dmft and ECOHIS score. These outcomes can be used as proper resources to develop preventive policies and promote oral health in young children.

scholarly journals Feasibility of oral health evaluation by intraoral digital photography: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 030006052098284
Author(s):  
ShuLing Guo ◽  
Yong Chen ◽  
Sreekanth Kumar Mallineni ◽  
ShuYing Huang ◽  
BaiWang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Health Evaluation ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
University Training

Objectives This study investigated the accuracy and duration of intraoral digital photograph examination (IDPE) for evaluating oral health status and explored the feasibility of remote oral health assessment. Methods Thirty-one healthy college students underwent evaluations of oral health status via clinical examination (CE) combined with panoramic X-ray assessment at baseline, followed by IDPE 1 month later using photos taken at baseline. Methods for evaluation of gingival health included the Modified Gingival Index (MGI) and Plaque Index (PI). Examinations of caries status included the decayed, missing, and filled teeth and surfaces indexes (DMFT and DMFS indexes, respectively). The duration of each evaluation was also recorded. Results There were significant differences in MGI and PI between CE and IDPE. There were no significant differences in DMFT and DMFS indexes between CE and IDPE, and there were positive correlations between CE and IDPE for each of the two indexes (DMFT index: r=0.56; DMFS index: r=0.69). The IDPE duration was shorter than the CE duration. Conclusions The feasibility of caries status assessment via IDPE is promising. Digital oral health evaluation merits further clinical consideration. Trial registration Xiamen University Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates, project number: 2018X0583. Registered 1 April 2018; http://cxw.xmu.edu.cn/admin/Innovation/NewInnovationDetail?id=6ce0a415-6131-496b-891a-6a1ae44e556d

scholarly journals Diurnal Corrected QT Interval and QT Dispersion Variation in Non-Alcoholic Cirrhotic Patients and Healthy Control: A Case-Control Study, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taghi Amiriani ◽  
Vahid Khori ◽  
Ali Davarian ◽  
Niloofar Rajabli ◽  
Mahsa Niknam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Alcoholic Cirrhosis ◽  
Qt Dispersion ◽  
Qtc Interval ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
The Mean

Background: Cirrhosis could lead to a long corrected QT (QTc) interval in a subgroup of patients, but there are spare data on its diurnal variation. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the diurnal variation of QTc interval and its relationship to heart rate and blood pressure variation during 24-hour Holter-monitoring in non-alcoholic cirrhosis in comparison with the healthy controls. Methods: The study population comprised 15 patients with non-alcoholic cirrhosis and 15 healthy subjects, undergoing 24-hour electrocardiogram (ECG), heart rate, and blood pressure monitoring. The mean QT interval, mean QTc, maximum and minimum QT, QT dispersion (QT disp), heart rate, and mean arterial blood pressure were measured for each person for 24 hours. Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) was performed by FibroScan® 502 machine (EchoSense, Paris, France, 5 MHz). The results were demonstrated as percentages and mean ± SD. P value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Mean QTc was significantly higher in cirrhosis (438 ms) than healthy controls (401.7 ms) (P = 0.03). The mean heart rate was significantly different in cirrhotic patients (79.6 ± 2.9/bpm) compared to healthy controls (72.47 ± 2.0/bpm) (P = 0.05). Conclusions: In this study, QTc was prolonged and increased with the severity of cirrhosis, and its diurnal variation in cirrhosis was different from healthy subjects.

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