scholarly journals The Effect of Green Space on the Physiologic Function of the Adult: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenna Franco
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Disease Awareness ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Physiologic Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Illness

Environmental greenness is often associated with improved psychological outcomes, but the use of green space as a protective factor for maintaining physiologic health is understudied. However, growing evidence exists on the benefit of greenness on physiologic health. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of green space on the physiologic function of the adult. Cohort studies were searched for that had all elements of inclusion criteria. Six final studies were included in this systematic review utilizing PRISMA guidelines and CASP tool for cohort studies. Data from the studies was collected and a cross study analysis was conducted to compare all studies and assess for themes in study outcomes. Results of this review demonstrate that green space has a protective effect on physiologic health. Areas with higher levels of greenness are associated with lower prevalence of central obesity, diabetes mellitus, and self-reported rates of cardiovascular disease and stroke as well as decreased rates of mortality from cancers, and kidney and respiratory diseases. Implications of this study include the importance in understanding risk factors for development of disease. Awareness of a patient’s environment that includes natural spaces should be identified as a potential risk factor for the development of cardiovascular illness, obesity, and diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Non-autoimmune diabetes mellitus and the risk of virus infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Lontchi-Yimagou ◽  
Charly Feutseu ◽  
Sebastien Kenmoe ◽  
Alexandra Lindsey Djomkam Zune ◽  
Solange Fai Kinyuy Ekali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Autoimmune Diabetes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Autoimmune Diabetes Mellitus

AbstractA significant number of studies invoked diabetes as a risk factor for virus infections, but the issue remains controversial. We aimed to examine whether non-autoimmune diabetes mellitus enhances the risk of virus infections compared with the risk in healthy individuals without non-autoimmune diabetes mellitus. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we assessed case-control and cohort studies on the association between non-autoimmune diabetes and viruses. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science with no language restriction, to identify articles published until February 15, 2021. The main outcome assessment was the risk of virus infection in individuals with non-autoimmune diabetes. We used a random-effects model to pool individual studies and assessed heterogeneity (I2) using the χ2 test on Cochrane’s Q statistic. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42019134142. Out of 3136 articles identified, we included 68 articles (90 studies, as the number of virus and or diabetes phenotype varied between included articles). The summary OR between non-autoimmune diabetes and virus infections risk were, 10.8(95% CI: 10.3–11.4; 1-study) for SARS-CoV-2; 3.6(95%CI: 2.7–4.9, I2 = 91.7%; 43-studies) for HCV; 2.7(95% CI: 1.3–5.4, I2 = 89.9%, 8-studies;) for HHV8; 2.1(95% CI: 1.7–2.5; 1-study) for H1N1 virus; 1.6(95% CI: 1.2–2.13, I2 = 98.3%, 27-studies) for HBV; 1.5(95% CI: 1.1–2.0; 1-study) for HSV1; 3.5(95% CI: 0.6–18.3 , I2 = 83.9%, 5-studies) for CMV; 2.9(95% CI: 1–8.7, 1-study) for TTV; 2.6(95% CI: 0.7–9.1, 1-study) for Parvovirus B19; 0.7(95% CI: 0.3–1.5 , 1-study) for coxsackie B virus; and 0.2(95% CI: 0–6.2; 1-study) for HGV. Our findings suggest that, non-autoimmune diabetes is associated with increased susceptibility to viruses especially SARS-CoV-2, HCV, HHV8, H1N1 virus, HBV and HSV1. Thus, these viruses deserve more attention from diabetes health-care providers, researchers, policy makers, and stakeholders for improved detection, overall proper management, and efficient control of viruses in people with non-autoimmune diabetes.

scholarly journals Non-operative orthobiologic use for rotator cuff disorders and glenohumeral osteoarthritis: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
David M. Robinson ◽  
Christine Eng ◽  
Steven Makovitch ◽  
Joshua B. Rothenberg ◽  
Stephanie DeLuca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Bias Risk ◽  
Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis ◽  
Functional Outcome Measures

BACKGROUND: Shoulder pain from rotator cuff pathology and glenohumeral osteoarthritis is a common entity encountered in musculoskeletal practices. Orthobiologic agents are being increasingly used as a treatment option and understanding their safety and efficacy is necessary. OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the available evidence for orthobiologic use in rotator cuff and glenohumeral pathology. METHODS: A systematic review was undertaken following PRISMA guidelines. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and prospective cohort studies evaluating non-operative treatment with prolotherapy, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), or medicinal signaling cells (MSCs) for rotator cuff pathology and glenohumeral osteoarthritis were included. Bias risk assessments used were the Cochrane tool and Newcastle-Ottawa score. RESULTS: The search yielded 852 potential articles, of which 20 met the inclusion criteria with a breakdown of 5 prolotherapy, 13 PRP, and 2 MSC. Sixteen studies were RCTs and 4 were cohort studies. Six studies were deemed “low risk of bias or good quality”. Efficacy results were mixed, and no serious adverse events were reported from orthobiologic treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Orthobiologics offer a relatively safe management option with inconclusive evidence for or against its use for rotator cuff pathology. No studies on glenohumeral osteoarthritis met the inclusion criteria. Adoption of standardized preparation reporting and consistent use of functional outcome measures is imperative for future studies to consider.

scholarly journals Green Space Quality and Health: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11028
Author(s):  
Phi-Yen Nguyen ◽  
Thomas Astell-Burt ◽  
Hania Rahimi-Ardabili ◽  
Xiaoqi Feng
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range

(1) Background: As cities densify, researcher and policy focus is intensifying on which green space types and qualities are important for health. We conducted a systematic review to examine whether particular green space types and qualities have been shown to provide health benefits and if so, which specific types and qualities, and which health outcomes. (2) Methods: We searched five databases from inception up to June 30, 2021. We included all studies examining a wide range of green space characteristics on various health outcomes. (3) Results: 68 articles from 59 studies were found, with a high degree of heterogeneity in study designs, definitions of quality and outcomes. Most studies were cross-sectional, ecological or cohort studies. Environment types, vegetation types, and the size and connectivity of green spaces were associated with improved health outcomes, though with contingencies by age and gender. Health benefits were more consistently observed in areas with greater tree canopy, but not grassland. The main outcomes with evidence of health benefits included allergic respiratory conditions, cardiovascular conditions and psychological wellbeing. Both objectively and subjectively measured qualities demonstrated associations with health outcomes. (4) Conclusion: Experimental studies and longitudinal cohort studies will strengthen current evidence. Evidence was lacking for needs-specific or culturally-appropriate amenities and soundscape characteristics. Qualities that need more in-depth investigation include indices that account for forms, patterns, and networks of objectively and subjectively measured green space qualities.

scholarly journals Comorbidities in SARS-CoV-2 Patients: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

mBio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wern Hann Ng ◽  
Thomas Tipih ◽  
Nigel A. Makoah ◽  
Jan-G Vermeulen ◽  
Dominique Goedhals ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
The Status ◽  
Using Data

ABSTRACT Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread across the globe at unprecedented speed and is showing no signs of slowing down. The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to significant health burden in infected patients especially in those with underlying comorbidities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between comorbidities and their role in the exacerbation of disease in COVID-19 patients leading to fatal outcomes. A systematic review was conducted using data from MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases published from 1 December 2019 to 15 September 2020. Fifty-three articles were included in the systematic review. Of those 53 articles, 8 articles were eligible for meta-analysis. Hypertension, obesity, and diabetes mellitus were identified to be the most prevalent comorbidities in COVID-19 patients. Our meta-analysis showed that cancer, chronic kidney diseases, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension were independently associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients. Chronic kidney disease was statistically the most prominent comorbidity leading to death. However, despite having high prevalence, obesity was not associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients. IMPORTANCE COVID-19 has plagued the world since it was first identified in December 2019. Previous systematic reviews and meta-analysis were limited by various factors such as the usage of non-peer reviewed data and were also limited by the lack of clinical data on a global scale. Comorbidities are frequently cited as risk factors for severe COVID-19 outcomes. However, the degree to which specific comorbidities impact the disease is debatable. Our study selection involves a global reach and covers all comorbidities that were reported to be involved in the exacerbation of COVID-19 leading to fatal outcomes, which allows us to identify the specific comorbidities that have higher risk in patients. The study highlights COVID-19 high-risk groups. However, further research should focus on the status of comorbidities and prognosis in COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Patients With Diabetes Mellitus Have a Higher Risk of Tendon Retear After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 232596712096140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Kai Hong ◽  
Chao-Jui Chang ◽  
Fa-Chuan Kuan ◽  
Kai-Lan Hsu ◽  
Yueh Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Rotator Cuff Repair ◽  
English Language ◽  
Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff ◽  
Cuff Repair

Background: Retear of a repaired rotator cuff tendon is a major issue for shoulder surgeons. It is possible that diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with a greater risk of tendon retear after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Purpose: To determine whether patients with DM have a higher tendon retear risk after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines using the Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase databases. Inclusion criteria were articles written in the English language that included patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair surgeries, reported the numbers of patients with and those without DM, and reported the number of rotator cuff retears. Data relevant to this study were extracted and statistically analyzed. Random-effects models were used to generate pooled odds ratio estimates and CIs. Results: A total of 160 studies were identified from the initial search, and 5 of them met the inclusion criteria. A total of 1065 patients (207 patients with DM and 858 patients without DM) were included. The pooled results showed that the patients in the DM group had a significantly higher tendon retear risk than did those in the non-DM group (relative risk, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.14-4.45; P = .02). Conclusion: Patients with DM have a 2.25 times higher risk of tendon retear after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair compared with patients without DM.

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