scholarly journals Nonlinear Deterministic Study of Seismic Microzoning of a City in North of Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 1774-1787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Badreddine Bousbia ◽  
Badreddine Sbartai
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
Seismic Microzonation ◽  
Ground Movement ◽  
Geological Model ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Boumerdes Earthquake

This paper presents also an overview of seismic microzonation studies of the city of Mohammadia-Algiers, which are important for a detailed ground movement modeling of urban cities. According to the seismic history of the city, one extraordinary earthquake event has been taken into consideration is Boumerdes earthquake (Algeria, May 21, 2003, magnitude Mw=6.5), that caused a huge damage. Thereby, the variability prediction of the seismic ground movement in a given built-up area, it is considered as an effective tool for planning appropriate urban development and understanding both seismic risk and damage pattern, caused by a strong movement event. We note that the shaking level is mainly described in terms of both maximum ground acceleration and visualized amplification by using response spectra. The study is carried out in two steps: - a detailed mapping of the geology and geotechnical properties of the area - numerical modeling of expected ground motions during earthquakes. A qualitative microzonation of the Mohammadia-Algiers city is presented, and it is discussed by comparing it to the historically reported damage of the 2003 Boumerdes earthquake. Finally, this study deals with the seismic microzonation map development, based on a SIG geological model.

Seismic Hazard Assessment in the Southeastern United States

1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Rizzo ◽  
N. R. Vaidya ◽  
E. Bazan ◽  
C. F. Heberling
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
Seismic Hazards ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Ground Acceleration

Comparisons of response spectra from near and far-field records to those estimated by attenuation functions commonly used in evaluating seismic hazards show that these functions provide reasonable results for near-field western North American sites. However, they estimate relatively small motions for far-field eastern North American sites, which is contrary to the empirical evidence of the 1886 Charleston and 1988 Saguenay Earthquakes. Using the 1988 Saguenay records scaled for magnitude, and several western North American records scaled to account for the slower attenuation in the east, we have developed deterministic median and 84th percentile, 5 percent damped response spectra to represent ground motions from a recurrence of the 1886 Charleston Earthquake at a distance between 85 to 120 km. The resulting 84th percentile spectrum has a shape similar to, but is less severe than, the USNRC Regulatory Guide 1.60 5 percent damped spectrum tied to a peak ground acceleration of 0.2g.

scholarly journals Revision of the geological context of the Port-au-Prince, Haiti, metropolitan area: implications for seismic microzonation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1613-1635
Author(s):  
M. Terrier ◽  
A. Bialkowski ◽  
A. Nachbaur ◽  
C. Prépetit ◽  
Y. F. Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Active Faults ◽  
Seismic Microzonation ◽  
Ground Movement ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Surface Rupture ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. A geological study has been conducted in the framework of the microzonation of Portau- Prince, Haiti. It reveals the deposit of Miocene and Pliocene formations in a marine environment and the impact on these deposits of the Enriquillo-Plantain Garden N80° E fault system and of N110° E faults. The tectonic and morphological analysis indicates motion during the Quaternary along several mapped reverse left-lateral N110° E faults affecting the capital. Assessing ground-movement hazards represents an integral component of seismic microzonation. The geological results have provided essential groundwork for this assessment. Seismic microzonation aims to take seismic risk more fully into account in the city's urbanization and development policies. To this end, assumptions are made as to risks induced by surface rupture and ground movement from active faults.

Modeling of strong ground motions from the 16 September 1978 Tabas, Iran, earthquake

1994 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-46
Author(s):  
Chandan K. Saikia
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Pattern ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Rake Angle ◽  
Slip Model ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Fault Surface ◽  
Asperity Model

Abstract We have examined the adequacy of the published KS3 and L1 slip distribution models developed for the MS = 7.4 16 September 1978 Tabas earthquake (Hartzell and Mendoza, 1991) by modeling the high-frequency accelerograms recorded at Dayhook, Boshrooyeh, and Tabas stations. The agreement in peak ground acceleration (PGA) and duration between data and simulated accelerograms was chosen as the criterion for the model adequacy. The fault was specified with a seismogenic rupture area 95 km long and 45 km wide. We used a semi-empirical simulation method in which accelerograms from an aftershock from the 1979 Imperial Valley earthquake were used to represent the radiation pattern of P, SV, or SH waves for a source-receiver geometry. The fault surface is divided into many subfaults. The contributions from these subfaults, weighted by the slip amounts, were lagged and summed to simulate the accelerograms of the main event. We computed accelerograms assuming constant rake and variable rake on the fault plane. The former was simulated using the SUM slip model (i.e., the slip model representing the vector sum of the slip components at every point on the fault), and the latter was simulated by summing the accelerograms generated by the slip models of the dip-slip and strike-slip faults. The influence of the rise time of the main event was investigated. The KS3 asperity model produces results marginally better than the L1 asperity model. The duration is predicted, consistent with the data. The peak amplitudes of the simulated ground motions remain within a factor of 1.5 and 3 of the recorded data at Dayhook and Boshrooyeh, respectively, for the variable-rake and within a factor for 2.5 at both stations for the fixed-rake angle (KS3 model). The large PGA recorded on the Tabas accelerograms could not be reproduced, which warrants additional study. A notable agreement was obtained in the response spectra at Dayhook. This study demonstrates that accelerograms generated by an earthquake in one tectonic region can be transported to another tectonic region so that they can be used to represent the empirical radiation pattern of the subfaults in simulating ground motions for a large event.

Istanbul at the Threshold: An Evaluation of the Seismic Risk in Istanbul

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob H. Pyper Griffiths ◽  
Ayhan Irfanoglu ◽  
Santiago Pujol
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Future Earthquake ◽  
The City ◽  
Better Than

There is no convincing evidence indicating that future ground motion in at least two-thirds of Istanbul, Turkey, shall be less demanding than the ground motions that devastated the city of Düzce, Turkey, in 1999. Comparison of vulnerability indices calibrated for Turkish construction indicates that the structures of the buildings in Istanbul are no better than the structures of buildings in Düzce. On the basis of these arguments, we project that a future earthquake near Istanbul may cause severe damage or collapse approximately quarter of a million buildings. Leaving the vulnerable buildings as they are and organizing for emergency response is not an option for Istanbul.

scholarly journals Deterministic and Probabilistic Earthquake Scenarios for the Seismic Risk Analysis of URM Buildings

2012 ◽  
Vol 525-526 ◽  
pp. 537-540
Author(s):  
Jorge Arturo Avila-Haro ◽  
Jose Ramon González-Drigo ◽  
Yeudy Felipe Vargas ◽  
L.G. Pujades ◽  
A.H. Barbat
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
Seismic Risk Analysis ◽  
Seismic Region ◽  
Earthquake Scenarios ◽  
Side Walls ◽  
Moderate Hazard ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City

Barcelona, as well as a large number of cities in the Mediterranean basin, has a housing stock composed of a large number of unreinforced brick masonry buildings. Motivated by different factors, the enlargement of the city (Eixample in Catalan) was held from the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th, a period in which a large number of buildings of this type were built, many of which are still used as dwellings. Although the buildings were built individually, some of them are linked to adjacent buildings by the side walls. This feature leads to the analysis of the buildings as isolated structures and also as an aggregate. Barcelona is located in a seismic region of low to moderate hazard, with macroseismic intensity between the grades VI and VII of the European macroseismic scale EMS'98. Based on the deterministic and probabilistic response spectra for the different types of soils present in Barcelona obtained in the work of Irizarry (2004), the seismic risk of four individual buildings and an aggregate is evaluated. The buildings are modeled and analyzed using the TREMURI program and MATLAB routines under the guidance of RISK-UE project.

scholarly journals First level seismic microzonation map of Chennai city – a GIS approach

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 549-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Ganapathy
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Seismic Microzonation ◽  
Seismic Sources ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Hazard Zone ◽  
Chennai City ◽  
The City

Abstract. Chennai city is the fourth largest metropolis in India, is the focus of economic, social and cultural development and it is the capital of the State of Tamil Nadu. The city has a multi-dimensional growth in development of its infrastructures and population. The area of Chennai has experienced moderate earthquakes in the historical past. Also the Bureau of Indian Standard upgraded the seismic status of Chennai from Low Seismic Hazard (Zone II) to Moderate Seismic Hazard (Zone III)–(BIS: 1893 (2001)). In this connection, a first level seismic microzonation map of Chennai city has been produced with a GIS platform using the themes, viz, Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA), Shear wave velocity at 3 m, Geology, Ground water fluctuation and bed rock depth. The near potential seismic sources were identified from the remote-sensing study and seismo-tectonic details from published literatures. The peak ground acceleration for these seismic sources were estimated based on the attenuation relationship and the maximum PGA for Chennai is 0.176 g. The groundwater fluctuation of the city varies from 0–4 m below ground level. The depth to bedrock configuration shows trough and ridges in the bedrock topography all over the city. The seismic microzonation analysis involved grid datasets (the discrete datasets from different themes were converted to grids) to compute the final seismic hazard grid through integration and weightage analysis of the source themes. The Chennai city has been classified into three broad zones, viz, High, Moderate and Low Seismic Hazard. The High seismic Hazard concentrated in a few places in the western central part of the city. The moderate hazard areas are oriented in NW-SE direction in the Western part. The southern and eastern part will have low seismic hazard. The result of the study may be used as first-hand information in selecting the appropriate earthquake resistant features in designing the forthcoming new buildings against seismic ground motion of the city.

scholarly journals Characteristics of strong ground motion attenuation in the 2019 Mw 5.8 Changning earthquake, Sichuan, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Hu ◽  
H. Zhang ◽  
J. B. Zhu ◽  
G. H. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
Peak Ground Velocity ◽  
Arias Intensity ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Motion Models ◽  
Ground Motion Attenuation ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Strong Ground

AbstractA moderate magnitude earthquake with Mw 5.8 occurred on June 17, 2019, in Changning County, Sichuan Province, China, causing 13 deaths, 226 injuries, and serious engineering damage. This earthquake induced heavier damage than earthquakes of similar magnitude. To explain this phenomenon in terms of ground motion characteristics, based on 58 sets of strong ground motions in this earthquake, the peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV), acceleration response spectra (Sa), duration, and Arias intensity are analyzed. The results show that the PGA, PGV, and Sa are larger than the predicted values from some global ground motion models. The between-event residuals reveal that the source effects on the intermediate-period and long-period ground motions are stronger than those on short-period ground motions. Comparison of Arias intensity attenuation with the global models indicates that the energy of ground motions of the Changning earthquake is larger than those of earthquakes with the same magnitude.

scholarly journals Ground-motion relations for eastern North America

1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail M. Atkinson ◽  
David M. Boore
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Ground Motion Model ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Validation Of Results

Abstract Predictive relations are developed for ground motions from eastern North American earthquakes of 4.0 ≦ M ≦ 7.25 at distances of 10 ≦ R ≦ 500 km. The predicted parameters are response spectra at frequencies of 0.5 to 20 Hz, and peak ground acceleration and velocity. The predictions are derived from an empirically based stochastic ground-motion model. The relations differ from previous work in the improved empirical definition of input parameters and empirical validation of results. The relations are in demonstrable agreement with ground motions from earthquakes of M 4 to 5. There are insufficient data to adequately judge the relations at larger magnitudes, although they are consistent with data from the Saguenay (M 5.8) and Nahanni (M 6.8) earthquakes. The underlying model parameters are constrained by empirical data for events as large as M 6.8.

Engineering Characteristics of Ground Motions Recorded in the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 1474-1494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Kamran Ahdi ◽  
Silvia Mazzoni ◽  
Tadahiro Kishida ◽  
Pengfei Wang ◽  
Chukwuebuka C. Nweke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Fault Zone ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
Earthquake Sequence ◽  
Damage Potential ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Intensity Measures ◽  
Inelastic Response ◽  
Motion Models

ABSTRACT We present a database and analyze ground motions recorded during three events that occurred as part of the July 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence: a moment magnitude (M) 6.5 foreshock on a left-lateral cross fault in the Salt Wells Valley fault zone, an M 5.5 foreshock in the Paxton Ranch fault zone, and the M 7.1 mainshock, also occurring in the Paxton Ranch fault zone. We collected and uniformly processed 1483 three-component recordings from an array of 824 sensors spanning 10 seismographic networks. We developed site metadata using available data and multiple models for the time-averaged shear-wave velocity in the upper 30 m (VS30) and for basin depth terms. We processed ground motions using Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) procedures and computed intensity measures including spectral acceleration at a number of oscillator periods and inelastic response spectra. We compared elastic and inelastic response spectra to seismic design spectra in building codes to evaluate the damage potential of the ground motions at spatially distributed sites. Residuals of the observed spectral accelerations relative to the NGA-West2 ground-motion models (GMMs) show good average agreement between observations and model predictions (event terms between about −0.3 and 0.5 for peak ground acceleration to 5 s). The average attenuation with distance is also well captured by the empirical NGA-West2 GMMs, although azimuthal variations in attenuation were observed that are not captured by the GMMs. An analysis considering directivity and fault-slip heterogeneity for the M 7.1 event demonstrates that the dispersion in the near-source ground-motion residuals can be reduced.

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