scholarly journals Indirect Analogical Reasoning Components

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
K Kristayulita
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Word Problem ◽  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Quadratic Equation ◽  
Target Problem ◽  
Equation Problem ◽  
Analogical Problem ◽  
Verbal Analogies

If using different instruments obtained a different analogical reasoning component. With use  people-piece analogies, verbal analogies, and geometric analogies, have analogical reasoning component consists of encoding, inferring, mapping, and application. Meanwhile,  with use analogical problems (algebra, source problem and target problem is equal), have analogical reasoning components consist of structuring, mapping, applying, and verifying. The instrument used was analogical problems consisting of two problems where the source problem was symbolic quadratic equation problem and the target problems were trigonometric equation problem and a word problem. This study aims to provide information analogical reasoning process in solving indirect analogical problems. in addition, to identify the analogical reasoning components in solving indirect analogical problems. Using a qualitative design approach, the study was conducted at two schools in Mataram city of Nusa Tenggara Barat, Indonesia. The results of the study provide an overview of analogical reasoning of the students in solving indirect analogical problems and there is a component the representation and mathematical model in solving indirect analogical problems.  So the analogical reasoning component in solving indirect analogical problems is the representation and mathematical modeling, structuring, mapping, applying, and verifying. This means that there are additional components of analogical reasoning developed by Ruppert. Analogical reasoning components in problem-solving depend on the analogical problem is given.

scholarly journals A Neurocomputational Model of Analogical Reasoning and its Breakdown in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Morrison ◽  
Daniel C. Krawczyk ◽  
Keith J. Holyoak ◽  
John E. Hummel ◽  
Tiffany W. Chow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration ◽  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Core Component ◽  
Analogical Problem ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Verbal Analogies

Analogy is important for learning and discovery and is considered a core component of intelligence. We present a computational account of analogical reasoning that is compatible with data we have collected from patients with cortical degeneration of either their frontal or anterior temporal cortices due to frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). These two patient groups showed different deficits in picture and verbal analogies: frontal lobe FTLD patients tended to make errors due to impairments in working memory and inhibitory abilities, whereas temporal lobe FTLD patients tended to make errors due to semantic memory loss. Using the “Learning and Inference with Schemas and Analogies” model, we provide a specific account of how such deficits may arise within neural networks supporting analogical problem solving.

Relations as transformations: Implications for analogical reasoning

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 897-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Leech ◽  
Denis Mareschal ◽  
Richard P. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Cognitive Representations ◽  
Performance Factor ◽  
Analogical Problem Solving ◽  
The World ◽  
Analogical Problem ◽  
Mental Transformations ◽  
A Performance

We present two experiments assessing whether the size of a transformation instantiating a relation between two states of the world (e.g., shrinks) is a performance factor affecting analogical reasoning. The first experiment finds evidence of transformation size as a significant factor in adolescent analogical problem solving while the second experiment finds a similar effect on adult analogical reasoning using a markedly different analogical completion paradigm. The results are interpreted as providing evidence for the more general framework that cognitive representations of relations are best understood as mental transformations.

Comment on Wakebe et al. (2015)

2016 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-311
Author(s):  
Olga Megalakaki
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Target Problem ◽  
Independent Manner ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Relational Knowledge ◽  
Processing Demands ◽  
Analogical Problem ◽  
Processing Resources

A prior study by Wakebe, Hidaka, and Watamura, exploring the role of processing demands in analogical reasoning, showed that presenting a target problem in a foreign language decreases analogical problem-solving ability in a resource-independent manner. The present commentary, however, describes several factors that can affect the ability to draw analogies precisely by reducing processing resources, including working memory, executive functions, and relational knowledge. In future studies, it would therefore be interesting to ascertain whether the observed differences are due solely to the presentation of the target problem in a foreign language or also to the aforementioned factors.

Application of the method of mathematical modeling for forecasting channel deformations at the underwater crossing of the main pipeline

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-609
Author(s):  
Valery А. Gruzdev ◽  
◽  
Georgy V. Mosolov ◽  
Ekaterina A. Sabayda ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Roughness Coefficient ◽  
Computational Domain ◽  
Channel Deformations ◽  
Geological Surveys ◽  
Kuban River ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Protective Structures

In order to determine the possibility of using the method of mathematical modeling for making long-term forecasts of channel deformations of trunk line underwater crossing (TLUC) through water obstacles, a methodology for performing and analyzing the results of mathematical modeling of channel deformations in the TLUC zone across the Kuban River is considered. Within the framework of the work, the following tasks were solved: 1) the format and composition of the initial data necessary for mathematical modeling were determined; 2) the procedure for assigning the boundaries of the computational domain of the model was considered, the computational domain was broken down into the computational grid, the zoning of the computational domain was performed by the value of the roughness coefficient; 3) the analysis of the results of modeling the water flow was carried out without taking the bottom deformations into account, as well as modeling the bottom deformations, the specifics of the verification and calibration calculations were determined to build a reliable mathematical model; 4) considered the possibility of using the method of mathematical modeling to check the stability of the bottom in the area of TLUC in the presence of man-made dumping or protective structure. It has been established that modeling the flow hydraulics and structure of currents, making short-term forecasts of local high-altitude reshaping of the bottom, determining the tendencies of erosion and accumulation of sediments upstream and downstream of protective structures are applicable for predicting channel deformations in the zone of the TLUC. In all these cases, it is mandatory to have materials from engineering-hydro-meteorological and engineering-geological surveys in an amount sufficient to compile a reliable mathematical model.

Empirical model approach for the evaluation of pH and conductivity on pollutant diffusion in soil environment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Quadratic Equation ◽  
Diffusivity Coefficient ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Irreversible Reaction ◽  
Chemical Pollutant ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Coefficient Of Diffusion ◽  
Level Of Agreement ◽  
Model Approach

This work is aimed at developing a mathematical model equation that can be used to predict the fate of contaminant in the soil environment. The mathematical model was developed based on the fundamental laws of conservation and the equation of continuity given asand was resolved to obtain a quadratic equation of the form C(X) = DX2+vX+f. The developed equation was then used to fit the experimental data that were obtained from the Physio-chemical analysis of the soil samples which were obtained at various depths; within the vicinity of the H & H Asphalt plant Company, located at Enito 3 in Ahoada West L.G.A, River State, Nigeria. The Experimental and Model results obtained from the Calculation and Simulation of the developed models were compared numerically and graphically as presented in this work. It was observed that there is reasonable level of agreement between the three results. The polynomial of the curve was established to ascertain the validity of the model; this was done for all the parameters that were analyzed. From the findings the model developed can be used to predict the concentration of a chemical pollutant at various depths. The reliability of the model developed was established giving the fact that through this quadratic equation the diffusivity (coefficient of diffusion), the water velocity and the irreversible reaction decay rate could be determined.

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