scholarly journals VALORIZATION OF SUPERABSORBENT POLYMERS FROM USED DISPOSABLE DIAPERS AS SOIL MOISTURE RETAINER

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 105-117
Author(s):  
Raymundo Sánchez-Orozco ◽  
Beatriz Timoteo-Cruz ◽  
Teresa Torres-Blancas ◽  
Fernando Ureña-Núñez
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Untreated Soil ◽  
Superabsorbent Polymers ◽  
Swelling Capacity ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Disposable Diapers ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
Seeds Germination

This study was conducted to explore the potential of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) from used disposable diapers as soil moisture retainer. Swelling behavior of the proposed hydrogel in response to external stimuli such as salt solutions, temperature and pH was studied. In addition, laboratory experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of incorporation hydrogel on germination of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and pumpkin (C. pepo) seeds. The structure of the used superabsorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results indicate that the proposed SAP exhibited a maximum swelling capacity of 189 g-g-1 of dry gel. It was observed that the swelling capacity decreased with an increase in the ionic strength of the swelling medium. When this SAP was mixed with sandy soil, the mixture was able to lose water more slowly. The seeds germination and seedling growth was remarkably influenced by the application of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 w/w% of SAP compared to the untreated soil. Therefore, it follows that it is possible to take advantage of SAPs property from used disposable diapers to retain the moisture in soil as an alternative to value the use of such waste, showing that it has potential for agricultural applications.

scholarly journals Valorization of Superabsorbent Polymers from Used Disposable Diapers as Soil Moisture Conditioner

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymundo Sánchez-Orozco ◽  
Beatriz Timoteo-Cruz ◽  
Teresa Torres-Blancas ◽  
Fernando Ureña-Núñez
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Untreated Soil ◽  
Superabsorbent Polymers ◽  
Swelling Capacity ◽  
Disposable Diapers ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
Seeds Germination

This study was conducted to explore the potential of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) from used disposable diapers as soil moisture conditioner. Swelling behavior of the proposed hydrogel in response to external stimuli such as salt solutions, temperature and pH was studied. In addition, laboratory experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of incorporation hydrogel on germination of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and pumpkin (C. pepo) seeds. The structure of the superabsorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results indicate that the proposed SAP exhibited a maximum swelling capacity of 189 g.g-1 of dry gel. It was observed that the swelling capacity decreased with an increase in the ionic strength of the swelling medium. When this SAP was mixed with sandy soil, the mixture was able to lose water more slowly. The seeds germination and seedling growth was remarkably influenced by the application of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 w/w% of SAP compared to the untreated soil. Therefore, it follows that it is possible to take advantage of SAPs property from used disposable diapers to retain the moisture in soil as an alternative to value the use of such waste, showing that it has potential for diverse applications in agriculture.

Impact of soil moisture on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) phytochemicals

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 103883
Author(s):  
Mayra Denise Herrera ◽  
Rosalía Reynoso-Camacho ◽  
Valentín Melero-Meraz ◽  
Salvador H. Guzmán-Maldonado ◽  
Jorge A. Acosta-Gallegos
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L

scholarly journals Investigation of superabsorbent polymer absorbency at reduced chemical potential of water

2019 ◽  
Vol 268 ◽  
pp. 04010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Melendres ◽  
Judy An Antang ◽  
Christian Jake Manacob
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Crosslinking Density ◽  
Superabsorbent Polymer ◽  
Sodium Chloride Concentration ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
Superabsorbent Polymers ◽  
Swelling Capacity ◽  
Major Parameter ◽  
Different Types

Different types of superabsorbent polymers (SAP) exhibiting varied absorbency properties were investigated for their performances at varying concentrations of an electrolyte. Water chemical potential, which is a function of concentration and pressure, was interpreted as a major parameter for absorbency and swelling properties of SAP. Superabsorbent polymers that were investigated gave different values of permeability which was carried out in a layer of swelled superabsorbent polymer. This result revealed differences on the structure of the superabsorbent polymers particularly on the crosslinking density. SAP’s absorbency properties were further tested and a correlation between the quantity of absorption and the chemical potential of water in terms of sodium chloride concentration was developed using experimental data on free swelling capacity and absorption under pressure. Results showed decreasing quantity of absorption by the superabsorbent polymers with decreasing chemical potential of water with higher reduction in the absorbency at higher pressure applied on the swelled SAP.

A Novel Method for Studying the Re-Swelling Capacity of Superabsorbent Polymers in An Artificial Crack

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 996-1002
Author(s):  
Juanhong Liu ◽  
Haitao Yang ◽  
Yanpeng Xue ◽  
Zhaogui Lai ◽  
Hongguang Ji
Keyword(s):  
Superabsorbent Polymers ◽  
Swelling Capacity ◽  
Novel Method

scholarly journals Screening of Superabsorbent Polymers in Barley Husk

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Ram Jeewan Yadav ◽  
Ganga Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
World Production ◽  
Swelling Behaviour ◽  
Superabsorbent Polymers ◽  
Barley Husk ◽  
Potential Resource ◽  
Disposable Diapers ◽  
Unique Ability

Superabsorbent Polymers (SAPs) as hydrogels are super-soaker organic materials - Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) which swells in water to form a clear gel. These are different from conventional absorbent sponge in which water can be wrung out easily; the SAPs' hydrate gel particle retains the absorbed water even under pressure. This unique ability to hold absorbed water, even against pressure, is the primary benefit of using SAPs. Such SAPs have created a very attractive area in the viewpoint of super-swelling behaviour, chemistry, and designing the variety of final applications. Besides various applications, the most volume of SAPs world production (106 tons/year) is yet consumed in hygienic uses, i.e., disposable diapers (as baby or adult diapers, feminine napkins, etc.). Agro wastes like Barley husk can be a very potential resource to obtain CMC or SAPs. This paper discusses extraction of α-cellulose followed by carboxy-methylation process to get CMC from barley husk. Absorbency tests of the CMC were performed by tea bag method and all the samples were characterized by FTIR.

scholarly journals CALIBRATION AND ACCURACY OF TWO ELECTROMAGNETIC METHODS OF SOIL MOISTURE MEASUREMENT IN OXISOL

Irriga ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 747-757
Author(s):  
André Luiz Barros de Oliveira Silva ◽  
Regina Célia de Matos Pires ◽  
Augusto Yukitaka Pessinatti Ohashi ◽  
Glaucia Cristina Pavão ◽  
Gabriel Constantino Blain
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Moisture Measurement ◽  
Electromagnetic Methods ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Soil Moisture Measurement ◽  
Soil Impedance

CALIBRATION AND ACCURACY OF TWO ELECTROMAGNETIC METHODS OF SOIL MOISTURE MEASUREMENT IN OXISOL     ANDRÉ LUIZ BARROS DE OLIVEIRA SILVA1; REGINA CÉLIA DE MATOS PIRES2; AUGUSTO YUKITAKA PESSINATTI OHASHI3; GLAUCIA CRISTINA PAVÃO4 E GABRIEL CONSTANTINO BLAIN5   1PhD student, Postgraduate in Tropical and Subtropical Agriculture, Agronomic Insitute, 1481 Barao de Itapura Ave, Campinas, P.O. Box: 28, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [email protected]. 2 Scientific researcher, Agronomic Insitute, 1481 Barao de Itapura Ave, Campinas, P.O. Box: 28, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [email protected]. 3PhD student, Postgraduate in Tropical and Subtropical Agriculture, Agronomic Insitute, 1481 Barao de Itapura Ave, Campinas, P.O. Box: 28, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [email protected]. 4PhD student, Postgraduate in Tropical and Subtropical Agriculture, Agronomic Insitute, 1481 Barao de Itapura Ave, Campinas, P.O. Box: 28, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [email protected]. 5Scientific researcher, Agronomic Insitute, 1481 Barao de Itapura Ave, Campinas, P.O. Box: 28, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [email protected].     1 ABSTRACT   Accurately measuring soil moisture is an important technological challenge. Sensors development and validation for agricultural applications is a relevant research theme. Electromagnetic techniques have been shown to be useful for soil moisture measurement. However, these techniques typically benefit from calibration. In this context, the aim of this study was to calibrate and evaluate the accuracy and precision of the soil moisture measured by two devices with different electromagnetic principles: Frequency Domain Reflectometry (FDR) e High Frequency Soil Impedance (HFSI) in the laboratory with in oxisol. The probes used were Diviner 2000 and Hidrofarm HFM 1010. Soil moisture was measured using both FDR and HFSI probes. A large variation in soil moisture values occurred during the experiment, as it varied from 0.489 m3 m-3 to 0.077 m3 m-3. Both electromagnetic methods showed good correlation compared to the standard method (gravimetric). HFSI probe overestimated the soil moisture values when compared to the gravimetric method, while FDR underestimated the values.   Keywords: capacitance probes, HFSI sensor, FDR sensor, high frequency soil impedance.     SILVA, A. L. B. O.; PIRES, R. C. M.; OHASHI, A. Y. P.; PAVÃO, G. C.; BLAIN, G. C. CALIBRAÇÃO E PRECISÃO DE DOIS MÉTODOS ELETROMAGNÉTICOS DE MEDIÇÃO DE UMIDADE DO SOLO EM OXISOL     2 RESUMO   Medir a umidade do solo com precisão é um importante desafio. O desenvolvimento e validação de sensores para aplicações agrícolas é um tema de pesquisa relevante. As técnicas eletromagnéticas demonstraram ser úteis para a medição da umidade do solo. No entanto, essas técnicas geralmente se beneficiam da calibração. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi calibrar e avaliar a exatidão e precisão da umidade do solo, medida por dois dispositivos com diferentes princípios eletromagnéticos: Reflectometria no Domínio da Frequência (FDR) e Impedância do Solo de Alta Frequência (HFSI) em laboratório em latossolo. As sondas utilizadas foram Diviner 2000 e Hydrofarm HFM 1010. A umidade do solo foi medida usando as sondas FDR e HFSI. Houve uma grande variação nos valores de umidade do solo durante o experimento, de 0,489 m3 m-3 a 0,077 m3 m-3. Ambos os métodos eletromagnéticos mostraram boa correlação em comparação com o método padrão (gravimétrico). A sonda HFSI superestimou os valores de umidade do solo quando comparada ao método gravimétrico, enquanto a FDR subestimou os valores.   Palavras-chave: sondas de capacitância, sensor HFSI, sensor FDR, impedância do solo em alta frequência.

scholarly journals WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK – NEW OPPORTUNETES FOR SOIL MOISTURE MONITORING

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.I. Blokhin ◽  
◽  
A.V. Belov ◽  
S.Y. Blokhina ◽  
A.V. Dvirnik
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Zigbee Protocol ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Developing Area

Currently, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are an actively developing area of scientific research. WSN can be used to monitor a variety of conditions, such as soil properties for agricultural applications. In particular, various underground sensors are used to monitor soil moisture. Existing underground sensing technology consists of buried sensors connected to the data logger for recording the sensor readings for subsequent information retrieval. The article introduces the concept of wireless underground sensor networks (WUSN), where the most of the sensor devices, including the means of transmitting and receiving signals, are deployed completely belowground. A prototype of the WUSN sensor node is presented, including a borehole moisture meter for real-time monitoring of soil moisture in an agricultural field. Communication between sensor nodes is carried out using the ZigBee protocol.

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