scholarly journals Resilience and Educational Pathways: A Longitudinal Analysis of Low Reading Achievers

2008 ◽  
pp. 27-62
Author(s):  
Victor Thiessen
Keyword(s):  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Reading Performance ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Educational Outcome ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Canadian Youth ◽  
Educational Pathways ◽  
Cultural Goals

Utilizing the first three cycles of the Canadian longitudinal Youth in Transition Survey (YITS), this paper analyses the educational pathways of 6,342 Canadian youth who at age 15 scored below the level considered necessary for effective functioning in a knowledge-based society. The concept of resilience is integrated into a broader sociological framework of acceptance of cultural goals and access to the means for achieving these goals. Within this framework, the multiple effects of two components of resilience on educational outcomes are assessed: a) the availability of social and institutional supports and b) youth’s own attitudes, values and behaviours that enabled some of them to overcome the obstacle associated with their limited reading performance. Multinomial logistic regression was used to show that a variety of possible measures of resilience differentiate between dropping out, completing high school, and participating in postsecondary education. Additionally, some aspects of resilience are more effective for avoiding the worst educational outcome (dropping out) while others appear to facilitate achieving the best outcome (participating in postsecondary education). The paper concludes that resilience is better viewed as a sensitizing than a theoretical concept.

scholarly journals Behind the Exceptional Educational Pathways of Canadian Youth from Immigrant Background: Between Equality and Ethnic Hierarchy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Canisius Kamanzi ◽  
Tya Collins
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Structural Barriers ◽  
Immigrant Background ◽  
Canadian Youth ◽  
Educational Pathways ◽  
Specific Objective ◽  
Canadian Immigrants ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter aims to show that, behind the general exceptional academic pathways of Canadian students from immigrant backgrounds, some of these young people, belonging to racialized ethnic minorities, are less likely to access and graduate from postsecondary education. Its specific objective is to describe the general portrait of their educational pathways. A synopsis of some recent studies shows that that these students often face structural barriers at the institutional level. Comparative analyses between young Canadians of immigrant origins and their peers who are not recognize the remarkable success of Canadian immigrants, a rather exceptional phenomenon compared to what is observed internationally. However, this chapter stresses that this portrait must be nuanced: a number of studies highlight significant disparities among young people from immigrant backgrounds according to the ethnocultural and geographic origin of their parents. The situation is less favorable or unfavorable, in the case of certain racialized groups. Therefore, following an overview of the contribution of studies inspired by a postpositivist approach, this chapter highlights some dimensions that have been traditionally obscured. This allows for a better understanding of the relationship between the effects of various factors (individual, institutional, systemic) that structure and perpetuate inequalities and ethnic hierarchy among students from immigrant backgrounds.

From Stopout to Scholar

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Matt Bergman
Keyword(s):  
Adult Learners ◽  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Degree Completion ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
National Data ◽  
Working Adults ◽  
The Public ◽  
Educational Pathways ◽  
Good Investment ◽  
College Educated

Although colleges and universities are facing increased scrutiny to demonstrate a return on investment for their students, the demand for college-educated workers continues to grow. As of 2010, the U.S. Census Bureau estimated that more than one-fifth of Americans age 25 and older—around 43.5 million people—have some postsecondary education but no degree (Lumina, 2012). This article presents an integrative review of relevant, rigorous, and research based programs that create a fast path to degree completion for working adults. While national data still shows that postsecondary credentials remain a good investment for individuals and the overall economy (Carnavale & Rose, 2015), the public is asserting a greater demand for accountability as tuition continues to escalate well beyond the rate of inflation. This article provides a review and conceptual links to educational pathways for the large group of adult learners with some college and no degree.

Predictive Factors in Postsecondary Educational Attainment among Latinos

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 2156759X0701000
Author(s):  
Daniel T. Sciarra ◽  
Melissa L. Whitson
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
School Counselors ◽  
Latino Students ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Baccalaureate Degree ◽  
Parent Support ◽  
Latino Men ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Year 2000

The study in this article investigated factors that distinguish the increasing number of Latino students who continue their education beyond high school from the small and stable number who complete a baccalaureate degree. The sample included a cohort of 866 Latino men and women who participated in the National Educational Longitudinal Study (1988–2000) and had varying amounts of postsecondary education by the year 2000. The study employed educational, psychological, and familial predictor variables from 1990 when participants were sophomores in high school. Data were analyzed using a multinomial logistic regression and results indicated that several factors were significant in distinguishing those with some postsecondary education, no degree, from bachelor's completers. Parent support and locus of control were the two most significant predictors. Implications for school counselors are discussed.

scholarly journals Rurality and Capital: Educational Expectations and Attainments of Rural, Urban/Rural and Metropolitan youth

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-45
Author(s):  
Lesley Andres ◽  
E. Dianne Looker
Keyword(s):  
Community College ◽  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Educational Expectations ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Longitudinal Surveys ◽  
Canadian Youth ◽  
College System ◽  
Parental Background ◽  
Urban Rural

This paper uses data from two longitudinal surveys of Canadian youth to examine the effects of rural versus urban/rural and metropolitan residence on young people's educational expectations and attainments. The surveys are based in British Columbia (B.C.) and Nova Scotia (N.S.), two provinces that have very different systems of postsecondary education. B.C. has an articulated system with formal structures which allow students to take the first two years of university study at a community college before transferring to a university. N.S. has no such formal transfer system. Its community college system is not well developed but it has a large number of universities, some of which are in rural areas. The findings show that, in both provinces, students in rural areas have lower expectations and attainments compared to other students, even when parental background, gender and academic stream are controlled. A comparison across provinces shows that rural youth in B.C. are more likely than their N.S. counterparts to pursue postsecondary education, but rural N.S. youth are more likely to have successfully completed a degree program four to five years after high school. Implications of these findings for future research as well as for policy changes in the two provinces are discussed.

scholarly journals Repositioning Trends of Latina/o/x Student Enrollments in Community Colleges

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desiree D. Zerquera ◽  
Nancy Acevedo-Gil ◽  
Elizabeth Flores ◽  
Patrick Marantal
Keyword(s):  
Community Colleges ◽  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
College Going ◽  
Education Data ◽  
Educational Pathways ◽  
Student College ◽  
Enrollment Data ◽  
The U.S

This study used descriptive statistics to complicate the national narrative of Latina/o/x student college-going trends and aims to provide directions for future research on Latina/o/x students in the community college. Taking a state-by-state perspective, this study examined whether Latina/o/x college students enrolled in community colleges at higher rates than four-year colleges. The data for this study derived primarily from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) enrollment survey for all states and sectors of higher education for the 2012-2013 academic year. We used geographic information systems (GIS) to spatially analyze and compare proportions of Latina/o/x undergraduate enrollments between sectors within states, then across states. Our analysis disaggregated enrollment data by state to reveal important variations among Latina/o/x student enrollments at community colleges across the U.S. In so doing, we aim to inform the work of researchers, policy makers, administrators and educators in efforts to support the educational pathways of Latina/o/x students in the U.S.

Stature and education among Roma women: taller stature is associated with better educational and economic outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Čvorović
Keyword(s):  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Educational Outcome ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Roma Women

AbstractThe association between body height and educational outcome, as measured by years of completed schooling, was investigated among Roma women in Serbia in 2014–2018. Height, demographic data, level of schooling and reproductive histories were collected from 691 Roma women aged between 16 and 80 years living in rural settlements in central and western Serbia. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that short stature was associated with an increased risk of low education, possibly as a result of poor growth and developmental disadvantage in early life. Roma cultural practices were also shown to influence the school achievement of these Roma girls: in addition to height, education was positively associated with a higher bride price and better socioeconomic status, as acquired through marriage. For Roma women, height might influence not only their level of education but also their lifetime prospects.

scholarly journals Academic entrepreneurship as a factor of knowledge spillovers in the regions – the case of Malopolska region

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 182-195
Author(s):  
Magdalena Godowska
Keyword(s):  
Academic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Knowledge Spillovers ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Knowledge Spillover ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Spillover Theory ◽  
Knowledge Spillover Theory

With the transition towards a knowledge-based economy, entrepreneurship has become a focus of public policy, especially on the regional level, as one of the most significant factors of economic growth. The knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship is based on the assumption that entrepreneurs act as a missing link in the knowledge-based economy, by converting incompletely commercialized knowledge into economically significant one.  They do so by founding new ventures – start-ups – in order to exploit knowledge created in larger companies, which are unwilling to commercialize new ideas due to a high level of uncertainty. In this sense, starting up a new company acts as a conduit for the spillover of knowledge.The aim of the paper is to explain the foundations of the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship. In the second part of the paper, the analysis of the Małopolska region in the light of the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship is carried out. The special focus is on academic entrepreneurship in the region, since the theoretical concept of knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship may well serve as a framework to analyze knowledge-based ventures.

scholarly journals A comparison of factors determining the transition to postsecondary education in Toronto and Chicago

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-356
Author(s):  
Karen Robson ◽  
Paul Anisef ◽  
Robert S. Brown ◽  
Jenny Nagaoka
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Black Males ◽  
School Students ◽  
Two Year Colleges ◽  
Life Chances ◽  
Educational Pathways ◽  
Four Year Colleges

We examine how race, sex and poverty contribute to the likelihood of attending two- and four-year colleges in Chicago and Toronto. In each city, we use longitudinal data on high school students and their postsecondary trajectories in order to explore how race and sex may impact differentially upon their educational pathways. Our analyses are informed by an intersectionality perspective, wherein we understand that life chances are shaped by the various traits and identities that individuals possess. In Toronto, Black males are less likely than all other groups to attend four-year colleges. We also find that two-year colleges appear to fulfill a different role in Toronto than they do in Chicago; that is, serving populations who may have been tracked into non-academic course selections in high school. We contextualize our findings within the very different political, cultural, and historical contexts of Ontario and Illinois.

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