scholarly journals Family traditions of Jews of Belarus

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-84
Author(s):  
V. F. Batsiayeu
Keyword(s):  
Family Relations ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Marriage And Family ◽  
Marriage Contract ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Stability ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Age Of Marriage

In the modern period, the need for a comprehensive study of the social culture of the ethnos and its important component, the family, is growing. At the same time there was no sufficient attention given to study of family relations of the Jews of Belarus. In ethnological science there are no special scientific papers on this issue. Meanwhile, the identification of religious customs that affect marriage and family relations, age of marriage and conditions for its increase, mechanisms of marriage, reasons for maintaining the stability of marriages and reducing the number of divorces among Jews using structural, historical and functional research methods is of particular scientific interest and has practical importance. Marital and family relations of the Jews of Belarus in the XVI – in the beginning of the XX century established religious practices (betrothal of young men from 14 and girls from 12–13 years old, forcing a spiritual court to marry a 20-year-old bachelor, disapproval of marriages for the sake of wealth and marriages between old and young). In the second half of the XIX century with the weakening of the influence of the rabbinate on public life and the increase in the general educational level, men began to marry at the age of 18, and women – in 16 years. Shadhonims (matchmakers) were engaged in arranging marriages, who introduced suitable couples and helped draw up a preliminary and marriage contract. Families were large and strong. Adultery infidelity rarely violated. Violators punished the spiritual court by fasting, physically and publicly humiliated. There was a custom “conditional divorce”. The husband who was leaving for a long time left a letter of divorce to his wife, which said that if he did not return by the deadline, the wife could be free. For men, the process of divorce was simplified. It was enough for them to give his wife a check sheet (“het”). With the weakening of the influence of these customs, the number of divorced women declined.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of marriage in the United Arab Emirates

2020 ◽  
pp. 439-442
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Yakovenko
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Marriage And Family ◽  
Marriage Age ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Folk Traditions ◽  
Marriage Contract ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Distinct Features

The article describes the peculiarities of legal regulation of marriage in the UAE. The author notices that the religious provisions of Islam and the historical roots of this country have had a significant impact on the laws of this country, they have also influenced on the marriage registration procedure, which is of particular scientific interest. In particular, it concerns the procedure of marriage between citizens of the state and certain aspects of marriage with foreigners. Particular attention is paid to the religious rite of marriage. It is noted that the marriage and family relations are regulated by the Koran and certain legislative acts. The author separately discloses the practical aspects of marriage registration, including the conditions, which are mandatory for marriage registration. It is stated that marriage can take place only if the requirements are fulfilled: marriage contract, lack of close blood ties, compliance with the requirements of religion, attainment of marriage age, mutual consent of both parties, equality, presence of witnesses during marriage and marriage observance of folk traditions. For a direct marriage registration, couples also need to prepare a package of documents required by law. In addition to ID documents, you must also provide medical certificates from both brides, issued by a government hospital in a format approved by the UAE Ministry of Health. The article also outlines common and distinct features between the marriage process in Europe and the UAE. In common is the consent of both spouses is envisaged, whereby on such terms that do not degrade honor and dignity, that is, they do not run counter to human rights. The couple must also be of a certain age and be fully capable. Close relatives cannot be married. Distinctive features include, in particular, the possibility of entering into polygamous marriages. In addition, the obligation to conclude a marriage contract is not compulsory in the territory of European countries.

scholarly journals Marriage andfamily in the culture of the Russian peasantry of the Western Siberia in the second half of the XIX century

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
I.S. Ivanchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Family Relations ◽  
Marriage And Family ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Peasant Society ◽  
Reform Period ◽  
Multigenerational Family ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Family And Marriage ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century

The purpose of the research is to trace the evolution of family and marriage relations of the Russian peasantry of the Tobolsk province, which took place in the second half of the 19th century and was influenced by Russian reforms and modernization. The article analyzes the changes that began during this period in the institutions of family and marriage, and also considers new forms of family and marriage relations that began to appear in the peasant society. The preconditions and reasons for the weakening of the institution of the family, divorces in peasant families have been analyzed, the factors of the formation of new forms of marriage and living in fornication have been considered. The role of the state in solving family problems of the peasantry as a whole during the reform period has been investigated. As a result of the research, it has been shown that as a result of the reforms and the subsequent changes in the life of the peasant population of the Tobolsk province, the influx of migrant peasants from the European part of Russia to the region, the construction of the Trans-Siberian railway and other transformations, the form of marriage and family relations among peasants changed, new types of marriage appeared, number of divorces and unmarried women increased. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the formulation of conclusions about the crisis in the post-reform period of the patriarchal model of the multigenerational family among the Russian peasantry of the Tobolsk province (as in the rest of Russia), the spread of small family forms, the growth in the number of divorces, various models of fornication, etc.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF PROMOTING FAMILY VALUES IN THE YOUTH AUDIENCE

2018 ◽  
pp. 32-44
Author(s):  
Наталья Литвинова ◽  
Natalya Litvinova
Keyword(s):  
Family Relations ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Family Values ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Marriage And Family ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Age Of Marriage

Currently in the youth age group is most strongly expressed deep contradictions between traditional values and modern attitudes in the system of marriage and family relations, in reproductive attitudes and behaviour, in assessing the role and value of family as a social institution and for the person and for society and for the state. The consequence of contradictions are: a preference for youth unregistered forms of marriage; the perception of the fact of divorce as a norm of public life; the increasing statistics of children born out of wedlock and teenage mothers; the increase in age of marriage; young families experience financial difficulties and the need for socio – psychological support. Today important new methods, which are society and social institutions, seeking to ensure the homeostasis of society and personal balance. These methods include social PR designed to solve different social problems, including such important as strengthening the social institution of the family through various activities

Marriage contract in Ukraine as a deterrent lever spouses at divorce

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Liubomyr Shevchuk
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Married Couple ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Property Relations ◽  
Marriage Contracts ◽  
Marriage Contract ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Motivating Factor

Goal. The purpose of this article is to consider and highlight the benefits of a marriage contract, a vision of the motivating factor in the practical plane of property relations of spouses. Method. The methodology involves a comprehensive analysis and generalization of available scientific and theoretical material and the formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. The following methods of scientific cognition were used during the research: system-structural, comparative. Results. In the course of the research, the legal protection, preference and, to a certain extent, the stability of the married couple against the challenges of the present were established, which minimized the negativity of the property consequences of divorce by concluding a marriage contract. A comparative parallel of thoughts in the expediency of the representative at the conclusion of the marriage contract is conducted. Scientific novelty. At present, for the citizens of Ukraine, the very fact of the conclusion of marriage contracts is not yet common, a certain novelty of the European world. Therefore, everything related to the concept of "marriage contract" is a novelty and the basis for a detailed explanation to families what exactly constitutes this normative document, its main advantages. Practical importance. The results of the study, the findings, can be applied or taken into account in the law enforcement practice in the field of family law.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF PERSIAN-RUSSIAN LEGAL TRANSLATION ON THE EXAMPLE OF MARRIAGE CONTRACT

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
M. A. Amiri
Keyword(s):  
Russian Translation ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Marriage And Family ◽  
Legal Translation ◽  
Marriage Contracts ◽  
Legal Texts ◽  
Complicated Process ◽  
Marriage Contract ◽  
Religious Nature ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Te ever-expanding international contacts reveal a great importance of studying and translating various kinds of documents and legal texts. Tis rather complicated process involves a number of problems that a translator needs to overcome. Te problems of legal texts translation are aggravated by the discrepancies between the legal systems of societies with social, cultural, ethnic, religious and other differences underlying them that fnd their reflection in different legal terminology systems. Tis article deals with the problems of Persian-Russian translation of legal texts with cultural and religious specifcs. Recently, Iranian-Russian relations have been developing really actively. In this regard, the translation of legal texts, which include documents of identity, marriage and family relations regulations, inheritance, etc., is of particular relevance. Te Persian-Russian translation of these documents raises many questions and problems due to its cultural and religious nature. Problems are exacerbated by the lack of specialized dictionaries, databases and electronic resources. Tis article presents some ways of solving these problems, as well as practical recommendations on the example of the translation of marriage contracts.

Review of Marriage and Family Relations.

1967 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 605-605
Author(s):  
A. S. THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Family Relations ◽  
Marriage And Family

BRIDGE BUILDING AS A PROBLEM OF URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT IN THE EUROPEAN NORTH OF RUSSIA IN THE EARLY XX CENTURY

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-135
Author(s):  
Tatiana S. Minaeva ◽  
Sergey S. Gulyaev
Keyword(s):  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Local Administration ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
European North ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Floating Bridge ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Bridge Building ◽  
Xix Century

Introduction. The organization of transport links and the bridge building in cities located on the banks of wide rivers has always been one of the most important tasks of the local administration. The study of the history of bridge building allows not only to trace the process of modernization of different regions of the country, but also to help in solving similar problems of our time. Nevertheless, the history of Russian bridge building is poorly studied. The purpose of the article is to determine the characteristics and features of the organization of bridge building in big cities of the European North of Russia as a way to solve one of the problems of urban infrastructure in the early XX century. Materials and Methods. The sources for this study are the documents of the State archive of the Arkhangelsk region, published documents on the history of Vologda, articles in the local periodicals of the early XX century. The analysis of the studied problem used a systematic approach, the method of economic analysis, historical and historical-comparative methods. Results and Discussion. The building of permanent bridges was a need for the development of Arkhangelsk and Vologda. In Vologda the two wooden bridges were built in the middle of XIX century on city funds and in the future these bridges were repaired or rebuilt. The Arkhangelsk city authorities did not hurry to solve a problem of city infrastructure by own efforts and a long time they used the floating bridge. The lack of experience in the building of large bridges and the desire to save money led to the rapid destruction of the first permanent bridge in Arkhangelsk. Conclusion. The Development of trade and industry in cities of the European North of Russia, such as Arkhangelsk and Vologda, led to the expansion of their territory and the emergence over time, the so-called third parts of the cities. Despite the comparable size of the population of the districts located across the river, the process of connecting them with bridges to the rest of the city went at different rates, which depended on the attitude of the local administration to the problem of urban infrastructure.

Sustainability and adaptability of regional development in the conditions of digitalization

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1550-1613
Author(s):  
O.E. Akimova ◽  
S.K. Volkov ◽  
E.A. Gladkaya ◽  
I.M. Kuzlaeva
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Regional Inequality ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Smart Technologies

Subject. The article discusses the sustainability of regional economy development, its definition, and the substance of sustainable development. Objectives. We aim at performing a comprehensive analysis of indicators of sustainability and adaptability of regional development in the context of digitalization, formulating a strategy for economic behavior that takes into account the multidimensional nature of regional inequality and is focused on boosting the economic potential of regions. Methods. The study draws on dialectic and systems approaches, general scientific methods of retrospective, situational, economic and statistical, and comparative analysis. Results. The sustainability of the region focuses on improving the human welfare over long time horizon. This happens in three areas, i.e. maximizing the efficiency of resource use; ensuring justice and democracy; minimizing resource consumption and environmental damage. The stability of the region can be assessed by using one parameter, or by combining the parameters in accordance with the type of region and expected results. Conclusions. The adaptation of a region to changing conditions depends on its type (‘adapted’, ‘adaptive’, and ‘non-adapted’). Regional inequality has two main components: difference in economic potential and social satisfaction of residents. Another component, affecting the stability and adaptability of regions, is the level of their digitalization. However, some regions have only formally embarked on the path of digitalization. Moreover, a focus on smart technologies, solutions and digitalization often leads to ignoring the goals of sustainable development. Smart technologies should be aimed at ensuring sustainability within the framework of the smart sustainable city concept.

GENETIC CERTIFICATION OF FODDER CROPS BREEDING ACHIEVEMENTS

1970 ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
V. M. Kosolapov ◽  
N. N. Kozlov ◽  
I. А. Klimenko ◽  
V. N. Zolotarev
Keyword(s):  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Prospects Of Application

The methods of genetic identification of forage crops varieties and forms have significant scientific and practical importance in breeding and seed multiplication, in protection of author’s rights. At the current moment molecular markers on the base of DNA-polymorphism have been applied widely for these aims. This analytical review examines the possibilities and the prospects of application the different DNA-analysis methods for assessment of forage crops genetic diversity and for development the molecular-genetic passports of breeding achievements. The objective estimation of varieties structure and presence impurities is a necessary condition for improving the methodical approaches in approbation of crops and for decision the problems of timely variety-seed renovation and its systematic replacement. The system of DNA markers that registered in genetic passport will enable to keep the initial genetic structure of variety and to maintain it in production process during long time without fluctuations of agronomic important characteristics and properties. This factor is especially valuable for development the primary seed multiplication.

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