Marriage andfamily in the culture of the Russian peasantry of the Western Siberia in the second half of the XIX century

The purpose of the research is to trace the evolution of family and marriage relations of the Russian peasantry of the Tobolsk province, which took place in the second half of the 19th century and was influenced by Russian reforms and modernization. The article analyzes the changes that began during this period in the institutions of family and marriage, and also considers new forms of family and marriage relations that began to appear in the peasant society. The preconditions and reasons for the weakening of the institution of the family, divorces in peasant families have been analyzed, the factors of the formation of new forms of marriage and living in fornication have been considered. The role of the state in solving family problems of the peasantry as a whole during the reform period has been investigated. As a result of the research, it has been shown that as a result of the reforms and the subsequent changes in the life of the peasant population of the Tobolsk province, the influx of migrant peasants from the European part of Russia to the region, the construction of the Trans-Siberian railway and other transformations, the form of marriage and family relations among peasants changed, new types of marriage appeared, number of divorces and unmarried women increased. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the formulation of conclusions about the crisis in the post-reform period of the patriarchal model of the multigenerational family among the Russian peasantry of the Tobolsk province (as in the rest of Russia), the spread of small family forms, the growth in the number of divorces, various models of fornication, etc.

Information and communication technologies as an actual resource of educational activity

Cybernation of the world, which began in the middle of the 20th century, encompassed all spheres of the life of society, becoming an essential component of the environment. Electronic technologies are used in various industries and services, including education. The implementation of the idea of e-education has contributed to the change in educational technologies, the dominant component of which are information and communication technologies. The research problem lies in the need to disclose modern information and communication technologies as an actual resource for educational activities. The purpose of the research is to substantiate the effectiveness of the use of information and communication technologies in the educational process. The research methods are analysis, synthesis, generalization, description. The basic research method is a pedagogical experiment. The research results: the concept of "information and communication technologies" has been considered, their tools have been described; the advantages of using information and communication technologies in educational activities in the direction of training 44.03.02 Psychology and Pedagogy of primary education have been disclosed; the efficiency has been substantiated and the possibilities of using informatization means in the educational process on the basis of the branch of FSBEI HE "Adyghe State University" in the city of Belorechensk have been determined; examples of the use of information and communication technologies in the educational process in the disciplines "Modern information technologies", "Information and communication technologies in education" have been given; the results of experimental work have been presented, that confirm the increase in the efficiency of the quality of knowledge. Key conclusions: information and communication technologies include the integration of methodological techniques, technological processes, software and hardware that interact with each other in the process of using information for a specific purpose, determined by the interests of its consumers; the advantages of information and communication technologies in educational activities are the expansion of the possibilities of the educational process, the development of positive educational motivation and interest of students, an increase in the quality of knowledge, etc.

Analysis of the features of foreign language teaching using ICT during the pandemic restrictions

The modern labor market, focused on the level of the technological progress, makes a set of requirements for university graduates, which are based on fluency in a foreign language. The protracted period of the pandemic forced to transfer the educational process in universities to an online format, for which the entire existing potential of e-learning of universities was used (electronic information and educational environment + modern information and communication technologies + competencies of teachers). But the question is whether the employer will be satisfied with the results of teaching young specialists a foreign language through ICT alone. The article makes an attempt to analyze the positive and negative aspects of teaching a foreign language, exclusively using the electronic information and educational environment of an organization. The research methodology and methods. The source base of the study are scientific and journalistic articles on the topic, information from the official website of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation "Portal of Federal State Educational Standards". In the research the methods of structural analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization were used.

Interconnection of polycultural and inclusive education on the example of the USA

The relevance of the research is due to the multicultural nature of the modern world, where all members of any society must have equal rights for high quality educational services, despite individual characteristics that may manifest themselves in race and gender, social status, and alternative development. Multicultural education, being a priority in the US educational policy, has stimulated the development of inclusive education in the country, thereby providing access to education for all citizens with disabilities. Thus, a comprehensive school acquired the status of the main institution for the socialization of students, regardless of their educational capabilities and needs. Consequently, the problem of the research is to identify the relationship between multicultural and inclusive education in the United States. The purpose of the research was to characterize the common features of multicultural and inclusive education on the example of the United States. In the course of the research, the following methods were used: analysis of domestic and foreign literature on the research problem, as well as methods of comparative analysis, generalization and systematization. The research results are the main features of multicultural and inclusive education in the United States have been analyzed, the main goals of multicultural and inclusive education in the United States have been correlated; the principles of multicultural education, which form the basis of inclusive education in the United States have been considered; the relationship of inclusive and multicultural education on the example of the United States has been substantiated. Key conclusions: the presented principles of multicultural education (the principle of variability, differentiation, exclusion of any kind of discrimination, humanistic orientation of the educational process) forms the basis for the organization of inclusive education in the United States. A comparative analysis of the goals of multicultural and inclusive education in the United States has shown their general focus on providing affordable and quality education to all members of society, regardless of identity.

Scientific and theoretical bases for designing a model for forming future lawyers' civic-mindedness

The relevance of the research is determined by the need to search for new scientific, theoretical, methodological, substantive and technological foundations for the training future lawyers, as the intellectual and political elite of the state, possessing a stable civic position and ready to form a civil society and protect the rights of Russian citizens. The problem of the research is to study the features of training future lawyers and to determine the scientific and theoretical platform for designing a model for the formation of civic position of future lawyers in the legal clinic of a university. The purpose of the research is scientific substantiation and design of a model for the formation of the civic position of future lawyers in the legal clinic of a university. The research methodology and methods: content analysis of scientific research; theoretical analysis of pedagogical dilemmas in the training of future lawyers; forecasts of pedagogical fronts for the development of conditions for the development of the civic position of future lawyers in the process of professional training; designing a model for the development of the civic position of future lawyers in the legal clinic of a university. The research results are: transformational processes in the world change civil society (social stratification, lack of protection of the rights of a separate part of society, etc.) and become challenges to modern education in the training of future lawyers; integration and an interdisciplinary approach in the training of future lawyers determine scientific-theoretical, methodological, substantive and technological approaches to the development of the civil position of a future lawyer; designing a model for the development of the civic position of future lawyers in the legal clinic of a university makes it possible to make forecasts for the required competencies of this category of specialists, optimize the environment of a university - a legal clinic as a place of professional self-realization and manifestation of the civic position of a future lawyer. Key findings are: global trends are challenges for modern legal education; the training of future lawyers should be coupled with the formation of a civic position, understood as a willingness to serve their Fatherland, the state and its citizens; the design of innovative models for the training of future lawyers is focused on the integration of the processes of professional formation and education of a future citizen of Russia with a stable civic position, on the anticipatory nature of the development by future lawyers in the legal clinic of university of professional and personal competencies in demand in the rule of law.

The role of G.N. Speransky as a representative of medical academic science in the formation of the historical and cultural heritage of Kuban and Adygea

The current stage of development of the Russian society is characterized by a sharp increase in the role of the medical intelligentsia and academic science of the Kuban and Adygea in the formation of the historical and cultural heritage. The research also has historiographic significance. In recent decades, there has been a sharp increase in interest in the problem of historical and cultural heritage, however, in general, its development is fragmentary, which makes the task of a comprehensive study of the problem urgent. The relevance of the topic is also proved by the fact that its consideration makes it possible to comprehend thoroughly the broader problems of domestic natural science and humanitarian cultures. The research is based on a combination of different methods. The use of a systematic approach, which made it possible to carry out a comprehensive study of the role of G.N. Speransky, as a representative of medical academic science in the formation of the historical and cultural heritage of the Kuban and Adygea was of fundamental importance. The regional aspect of the investigated problem predetermined its consideration from the standpoint of the methodology of local history. The need to give the study a logical and structural integrity led to the application of the problem-chronological method. The purpose of the research is to study the role of medical intelligentsia in creation and preservation of the historical and cultural heritage of both the subjects of the Russian Federation and the entire state that by considering the activities of the famous doctor G.N. Speransky and his contribution to the development of the child health care system and academic medicine. It has been concluded that G.N. Speransky made an invaluable contribution to the development of the doctrine of a newborn child and the organization of a neonatological service in the country, and also laid the foundations for this direction of medicine in the Kuban and Adygea. New progressive processes in the development of domestic medicine became the evidence of the growth of academic medicine and the formation of new cultural needs.

TRANSFORMATION OF GENDER STEREOTYPES IN THE KARACHAY-CHERKASS REPUBLIC (ON THE BASIS OF THE SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH)

The study of the processes of genesis, renewal and evolution of the modern Russian society is impossible without studying innovative social and cultural roles and norms, where special attention is paid to a fundamentally new way of women's existence in ethnocultural communities. Their social and cultural status is changing in the modern globalization and information society, in connection with which the issues related to the revision and adjustment of traditional positions and views on gender stereotypes, the distribution of emphasis in the field of gender equality, and ideas about the business activity of women are being actualized. To solve research problems, a structural-functional method, comparative analysis, a socio-gender approach with the use of the principles of consistency, historicism, objectivity have been used, allowing to analyze the nature of modifications in women's business activity. It has been noted that in the region under consideration there is a special transformation of gender stereotypes, a specific delimitation of the space of "masculine" and "feminine", which, on the one hand, are conditioned by the patriarchal nature of traditional culture, the presence of stable religious factors, a special mentality, and on the other hand, by the general desire for the processes of globalization, development of civil society. In this regard, the problem arises of the formation and assimilation of values by women in modern society. It has been revealed that modern representatives of the fairer sex are clearly aware that it is necessary to strive for greater financial independence, to have their own stable income in order to feel confident in the future, despite the ongoing socio-economic changes that have lead to the transformation of family relations and the culture of society. At the same time, a woman's business activity is aimed at controlling time in favor of preserving many traditional views on the position of women in the community of the region and finding a balance between work and family, innovations and traditions.

SOCIAL VALUES OF SPORTS MOVEMENT AND PREVENTION OF MIGRANTOPHOBIA

The modern world and Russia in particular is characterized by intensive migration processes. Ethnic, socio-cultural, religious conflicts and migrant-phobia are spreading in the countries that receive migrants. This requires a search for new means and mechanisms for the adaptation and integration of migrants, as well as the prevention of migrant phobia among the local population. The aim of the study is to give a sociological description of migrantophobia in Russia and substantiate the potential of the social values of the sports movement in its prevention. The content of the research is based on: 1) the analysis of bibliographic sources on the topic of the article; 2) a secondary analysis of sociological research on the perception of migrants and migrant phobia. Sociological studies demonstrate a downward trend in the level of migrantophobia in the Russian society, however, there is a need for new ways of preventing it. It has been concluded that sport as a social institution and such social values of sport as activity, self-realization, communication, respect, friendship, tolerance can play a significant role in the adaptation and integration of migrants, as well as in prevention of migrant phobia among the local population. Interpretations of the social functions of sports in relation to migrants have been given. The macro-, meso- and micro factors of the involvement of migrants in sports have been indicated.

Features of communication in specialized social networks (on the example of Internet sites associated with the practice of "hand-made")

The article discusses a method of social communication on the Internet based on general professional hobbies in the field of amateur creativity. The relevance of the topic is substantiated by the fact that social life of a modern person in the sphere of social production seems to be extremely formalized, often not allowing the manifestation of personal individuality, which can affect the state of both an individual and society as a whole. Compensating for this deficit makes it possible to engage in amateur creativity in various fields, and communication in social networks with like-minded hobbies can enhance the sociocultural effect of creative satisfaction. The method of analyzing documents (posts of forum participants on the site of sewers "burdastyle.ru") has been used in the research. The analysis has shown that the initially horizontal structure of network communication in the process of forming a network community gradually acquires the properties of a vertical hierarchy, where each participant receives his/her conditional social status with his/her inherent role. Thus, the effect of social stratification arises according to significant social characteristics (material security, level of education, etc.). Long-term participation in network communication with specific participants through the monitor leads to the fact that it can be perceived as a kind of plot of a series, where forum participants acquire the qualities of character-types. The main conclusion of the article is that the creative potential of handmade placed in the Internet space increases many times over, and as a result, an atmosphere of collective immersion into the depths of artistic communication with its inherent function of increasing the vital energy of society and individuals arises.

A Dagestiani woman in the system of physical culture and sport in 1930s: a historical aspect of the gender stereotypes transformation

The relevance of the study is determined by the scientific and practical interest in the history of national physical culture and sports, the state policy in this area, including in the national regions of the country in the early Soviet period, as well as the discussions that have unfolded in the world community today about the fate of women's sports. For the first time, the article analyzes the transformations that took place in the 1930s on the basis of reliable factual materials, taking into account modern historiographic generalizations in the structure of women's gender role on the example of participation in the physical culture movement and sports of women of multinational Dagestan, which became more and more noticeable, despite the preservation of the significant influence of Islam and traditional ideas about the place of women in the system of social relations and the family. The research carried out within the framework of socio-cultural, gender history, the history of everyday life on the basis of the principles of historicism and objectivity with the use of comparative-historical, problem-chronological, descriptive methods and taking into account the main provisions of the modernization concept, led to the conclusion that in the 1930s ... the leadership of the republic and the region began to give priority attention to the involvement of mountain girls in the physical culture and military-sports movement, which became one of the components of the program for solving the "women's issue", the implementation of which made it possible to more and more actively attract Dagestani women to participate in the socio-political and cultural life of the republic, edges, countries.