scholarly journals Arabic Language and the Concept of I’jaz al-Qur’an (Critics to Louwis ‘Awad’s thoughts/Bahasa Arab dan Konsep I’jaz al-Qur’an (Kritik Pemikiran Louwis ‘Awad)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Rahadian Kurniawan ◽  
Musda Asmara ◽  
H Hardivizon
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Islamic Theology ◽  
Related Data

This article discusses the concept of I'jaz al-Qur'an and its relationship with Arabic as a form of criticism of the logos concept put forward by Louis Awad. This research is a literature review conducted by collecting related data sources to analyze the character's thought in question. The concept of I'jaz al-Qur'an is a study related to the faith of Muslims, in this case the existence of the al-Qur'an as Kalamullah. Among the Islamic scholars, two views have been very influential since this issue was raised, namely the Asy'ariyah and Mu'tazilah circles. These two groups agree to believe that the Qur'an is Kalamullah. However, in this case, Dr. Louwis expresses this opinion and relates it to the concept of Christian Logos, in which the concept of al-Qur'an, as the eternal Kalamullah (qadim) put forward by two major groups in Islamic Theology, is an adoption of the Christian Logos concept. The misappropriation of the information provided by Dr. Louwis shows his lack of understanding and mastery regarding the issues he addresses in his book. Not supported by historical facts and correct scientific studies, he conveyed in his book a form of hatred against Islam, the Koran and the Arabic language in particular and the Arab nation in general.

scholarly journals Federated Learning in a Medical Context: A Systematic Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Bjarne Pfitzner ◽  
Nico Steckhan ◽  
Bert Arnrich
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Private Data ◽  
Large Databases ◽  
Machine Learning Models

Data privacy is a very important issue. Especially in fields like medicine, it is paramount to abide by the existing privacy regulations to preserve patients’ anonymity. However, data is required for research and training machine learning models that could help gain insight into complex correlations or personalised treatments that may otherwise stay undiscovered. Those models generally scale with the amount of data available, but the current situation often prohibits building large databases across sites. So it would be beneficial to be able to combine similar or related data from different sites all over the world while still preserving data privacy. Federated learning has been proposed as a solution for this, because it relies on the sharing of machine learning models, instead of the raw data itself. That means private data never leaves the site or device it was collected on. Federated learning is an emerging research area, and many domains have been identified for the application of those methods. This systematic literature review provides an extensive look at the concept of and research into federated learning and its applicability for confidential healthcare datasets.

Standardization of Diagnostic Immunohistochemistry: Literature Review and Geisinger Experience

2014 ◽  
Vol 138 (12) ◽  
pp. 1564-1577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Lin ◽  
Zongming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Critical Points ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Antibody Validation

Context Immunohistochemistry has become an indispensable ancillary technique in anatomic pathology laboratories. Standardization of every step in preanalytic, analytic, and postanalytic phases is crucial to achieve reproducible and reliable immunohistochemistry test results. Objective To standardize immunohistochemistry tests from preanalytic, analytic, to postanalytic phases. Data Sources Literature review and Geisinger (Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania) experience. Conclusions This review article delineates some critical points in preanalytic, analytic, and postanalytic phases; reiterates some important questions, which may or may not have a consensus at this time; and updates the newly proposed guidelines on antibody validation from the College of American Pathologists Pathology and Laboratory Quality Center. Additionally, the article intends to share Geisinger's experience with (1) testing/optimizing a new antibody and troubleshooting; (2) interpreting and reporting immunohistochemistry assay results; (3) improving and implementing a total immunohistochemistry quality management program; and (4) developing best practices in immunohistochemistry.

scholarly journals تطوير منهج تعليم اللغة العربيّة الاتصاليّة بدار محبّ العربيّة الجامعة الاسلاميّة الحكوميّة بكالونجان

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-136
Author(s):  
M. Fairuz Rosyid ◽  
Nur Syahid
Keyword(s):  
Data Reduction ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Data Presentation ◽  
Learning Focused

The purpose of this research to examine the development ofcommunicative curriculum conducted by arabic institutions Dar MuhibAl-‘Arobiyah. The data were collected through correspondence anddocumentation. The method of this research is qualitative, the data analysisuses data triangulation, that is: data reduction, data presentation, andconclusion. The primary data sources in this study were teachers, students,and curriculum documents. The result of this research can be concluded thatthe development of communicative arabic language Dar Muhibbi al ’Arabiyyahstated not effective. It cause the methods, media, and evaluations used thatare used not relevant to the communicative objectives that have been decided.The Methods, media, and evaluations are more directed to memorizing manyvocabulary thah the practice of using sentences in dialogue. Suggestions: 1)The communicative learning focused on the process of producing senteceswith multiplying conversations; 2)The asatidz/teachers to apply the processof developing curriculum by existing frameworks example, Hilda Tabamodel.

scholarly journals TERORISME DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM (FIQIH JINAYAH)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Zulkifli Zulkifli ◽  
Muh. Syarif Hasyim ◽  
Hamiyuddin Hamiyuddin
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data Sources

The discussion in this research is terrorism from the perspective of Islamic criminal law (fiqih jinayah). The problem that becomes the focus of research is how terrorism is in the review of Islamic criminal law or jinnayah fiqh. Qualitative research, the source of which is library research, is the method used in research. There are two kinds of data sources in this research, namely primary and secondary data sources, while the data collection and analysis uses literature review research. The data were analyzed using the Islamic criminal law theory approach. So as a result of this research that acts of terrorism are not justified in Islamic teachings. The birth of this action is because the perpetrators have shallow thoughts or have very minimal thoughts and have political goals to harm themselves and others. They even consider this act as Jihad, even though in fact it is not a jihad but an act that brings fear to potential victims.

scholarly journals Concept of Nonverbal Communication by Using Sign Language by Al-Jahidz l Mafhum al-Ittisal Goiru al-Lafdzi bi Istikhdam Lugah al-Isyarah 'inda Al-Jahidz

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-148
Author(s):  
Muflihah Muflihah
Keyword(s):  
Sign Language ◽  
Nonverbal Communication ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

Most of the generation (Arabic linguistic academics) have not comprehended the linguistic theories which initiated by Al-Jahid. This study aims to research on the concept of communication with the signs in Al-Jahid works. To identify these problems in depth and thoroughly, qualitative descriptive study was used. The primary data sources of this research were various sources, mainly Al Jahid book with documentation from the works of Al-Jahid and observation techniques based on the other books about Jahid ‘s point of view, such as Kamal Bisyri and other linguists. The results of this study concluded that: Al-Jahiz is an Arabic language expert who discussed the theory of non-verbal communication. In the case of learning a language, we also have to comprehend the theory of communication, especially communication with signs by Al-Jahiz. His thoughts were followed by several contemporary scholars. Thus, it is highly recommended to the Arabic researchesr to figure out the works of previous Arabic scholars which had been discussing about contemporary linguistic.

scholarly journals Integração, Relacionamento e Representação de Dados em Cidades Inteligentes: Uma Revisão de Literatura

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larysse Silva ◽  
José Alex Lima ◽  
Nélio Cacho ◽  
Eiji Adachi ◽  
Frederico Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Data Integration ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Continuous Integration ◽  
Heterogeneous Data Sources ◽  
Computational Systems

A notable characteristic of smart cities is the increase in the amount of available data generated by several devices and computational systems, thus augmenting the challenges related to the development of software that involves the integration of larges volumes of data. In this context, this paper presents a literature review aimed to identify the main strategies used in the development of solutions for data integration, relationship, and representation in smart cities. This study systematically selected and analyzed eleven studies published from 2015 to 2017. The achieved results reveal gaps regarding solutions for the continuous integration of heterogeneous data sources towards supporting application development and decision-making.

Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis and Other Pulmonary Histiocytic Diseases: A Review

2008 ◽  
Vol 132 (7) ◽  
pp. 1171-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Craig Allen
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Langerhans Cell ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Primary Material ◽  
Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

Abstract Context.—Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis is the most common and best known pulmonary histocytic lesion; however, the realm of pulmonary histiocytic lesions also includes an assortment of uncommon diseases that may exhibit pulmonary involvement. Objective.—To review pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis and other pulmonary histiocytoses to better ensure correct diagnosis and optimal assessment of prognosis and treatment. Data Sources.—Literature review and primary material from the author's institution. Conclusions.—This review discusses the most common pulmonary histocytosis, pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and also reviews the uncommon pulmonary histiocytic lesions, which are distinct from pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis.

Quantifying human resource management: a literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clotilde Coron
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Content Type

PurposeWith a focus on the evolution of human resource management (HRM) quantification over 2000–2020, this study addresses the following questions: (1) What are the data sources used to quantify HRM? (2) What are the methods used to quantify HRM? (3) What are the objectives of HRM quantification? (4) What are the representations of quantification in HRM?Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on an integrative synthesis of 94 published peer-reviewed empirical and non-empirical articles on the use of quantification in HRM. It uses the theoretical framework of the sociology of quantification.FindingsThe analysis shows that there have been several changes in HRM quantification over 2000–2020 in terms of data sources, methods and objectives. Meanwhile, representations of quantification have evolved relatively little; it is still considered as a tool, and this ignores the possible conflicts and subjectivity associated with the use of quantification.Originality/valueThis literature review addresses the use of quantification in HRM in general and is thus larger in scope than previous reviews. Notably, it brings forth new insights on possible differences between the main uses of quantification in HRM, as well as on artificial intelligence and algorithms in HRM.

Subinvolution of the Placental Site as an Anatomic Cause of Postpartum Uterine Bleeding: A Review

2006 ◽  
Vol 130 (10) ◽  
pp. 1538-1542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie A. Weydert ◽  
Jo Ann Benda
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Placental Site ◽  
Postpartum Involution ◽  
Arterial Development ◽  
Histopathologic Findings ◽  
Histopathologic Features

Abstract Context.—Subinvolution of the placental site is an anatomic cause of delayed postpartum uterine bleeding that may be underrecognized by general surgical pathologists. Objective.—To review the physiology of uteroplacental arterial development and normal postpartum involution, and to present the characteristic clinical and histopathologic features of subinvolution. Data Sources.—Literature review (MEDLINE via PubMed and Ovid) regarding the pathology and pathophysiology of placental site subinvolution. Review of the clinical and pathologic characteristics of our own institution's previously diagnosed cases of subinvolution from hysterectomy and endomyometrial curettage specimens. Conclusions.—Surgical pathologists must be aware of the cardinal histopathologic findings of subinvolution, and this diagnosis must be considered in every postpartum curettage or hysterectomy specimen presented to the surgical pathologist. Subinvolution of the placental site is an important diagnosis, as this process implies an idiopathic cause, rather than an iatrogenic cause, of postpartum uterine bleeding. The etiology of placental site subinvolution remains poorly characterized.

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