scholarly journals LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO SYARIAH: EKSISTENSI DAN AKSESIBILITASNYA BAGI PEMBIAYAAN USAHATANI DI SUMATERA BARAT (Studi Kasus: Koperasi Jasa Keuangan Syariah (KJKS) Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil (BMT))

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Widya Fitriana

<em>Farm financing is one of the factors facilitating the development of agriculture which allow farmers to expand the scale of farming and adopt new technologies. Unfortunately, a number of financial institutions often perceive farmers as "unbankable poor" that is costly to finance. KJKS BMT is one financial institution that is initiated by the government of West Sumatra's mission of poverty reduction in rural areas in particular to improve the access of small farmers to credit. So this study aims to identify and analyze the existence and accessibility of financing KJKS BMT in serving the financing of farming in West Sumatra. This study was conducted in a multi-stage random sampling, cities that randomly selected are Kota Padang and Bukittinggi, and then for each city, one KJKS BMT is also randomly selected. Primary data were collected by interviewing 60 respondent’s farmers. This research uses grounded research methods and data analysis in qualitative descriptive. Period of observation data for 2 years ie 2012-2014. Existence of KJKS BMT to finance farming measured by used five indicator namely a) The number of customers, b) The number of farmer customers, c) credit share for the agricultural, d) The number of farm financing and e) Development of BMT’s human resources. Furthermore accessibility is measured using six indicators, namely: (a) access to information, (b) access to loan procedure, (c) access to the maximum limit, (d) access to the time of disbursement, (e) access to loan repayment, and ( f) facilitation of access to financing. The results show that (1) although the existence of KJKS BMT start respected by rural communities, and even show a positive growth, but the credit share given by KJKS BMT to farm credit is still very small compared to another sectors (like trade and manufactures) which are less than 5%, Even though the level of customer growth of farmers during the past two years is reach 75%, higher than the growth of total customer (2) Accessibility of KJKS BMT to farm financing overall is good, although there are several factor that must be addressed like the availability of information, the number of loan, monitoring and loan supervision.</em>

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Zakiyah Zakiyah

Since the independence of Indonesia was proclaimed in 1945 until now, it still has problem of economic and social crisis. Indonesian government has not succeeded in establishing a welfare economy and has not been able to build a solid economy for society. The purpose of this research is to find out Poverty Reduction Program in P3MD of Village Economic development. This is a qualitative research. Method of collecting data used in this research is interview about P3MD in Poverty Reduction through the development of Infrastructure, Education, and Health. Primary data in this study is obtained in the field, the results of interviews with leaders or village apparatus. Secondary data is obtained from document collection related to Poverty Reduction Program. In addition, secondary data is also obtained from library research. The results of this study show the activities in the form of development of facilities and infrastructure such as creativity training, makeup, catfish breeding, making batik, and others can improve economic growth. The concepts of P3MD consist of socialization, negotiation, programming, activity implementation and community participation in Salam Babaris sub district. In the implementation of the P3MD program, the government must determine the policy on the process of distributing the village funds through regional government budget for the development of rural communities in order to be distributed correctly and on time in accordance with village law.Semenjak kemerdekaan bangsa Indonesia diproklamasikan pada tahun 1945 hingga saat ini, ternyata perekonomian bangsa Indonesia selalu dilanda krisisekonomi dan sosial. Pemerintahan di Indonesia yang sekarang berjalan silih berganti ternyata belum mampu membangun sebuah perekonomian kesejahteran dan ternyata belum bisa membangun perekonomian yang kokoh, memakmurkan, mensejahterakan dan adil bagi seluruh rakyat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Program Pengentasan Kemiskinan dalam P3MD pembangunan perekonomian desa. Dalam penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Dalam metode kualitatif menggunakan pengumpulan data dengan cara wawancara mengenai P3MD dalam pengentasan kemiskinan dengan melalui pembangunan sarana dan prasarana, pendidikan, dan kesehatan. Data primer dalam penelitian ini berupa data yang diperoleh dilapangan, hasil wawancara dengan pimpinan atau pejabat yang ditunjuk dikantor kelurahan dan kecamatan. Sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi dokumen terkait dengan Program Pengetasan Kemiskinan. Di samping itu data sekunder juga diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan (library research) berupa buku panduan, literature kepustakaan dan catatan-catatan yang berhubungan dengan program Perencanaan Partisipasi Pembangunan Masyarakat Desa (P3MD). Hasil dari Penelitian ini menunjukan Program-program kegiatannya berupa pembangunan sarana dan prasarana maupun pembangunan perekonomi lewat kegiatan Bumdesa seperti pelatihan-pelatihan kreativitas seperti tata boga, tata rias, budidaya lele dumbo, membatik, dan lain-lain. Rangkaian konsep perencanaan P3MD terdiri dari sosialisasi, musyawarah program/Musrenbang desa, penyusunan program, pelaksanaan kegiatan dan partisipasi masyarakat di Kecamatan Salam Babaris. Dalam penyelenggaraan program P3MD pemerintah harus menentukan kebijakan mengenai proses pencairan dana desa melalui APBD untuk pembangunan masyarakat desa tertinggal tersalurkan dengan benar dan tepat waktu sesuai dengan ketentuan UU Desa. 


Author(s):  
Chika Ezeanya ◽  
Abel Kennedy

The disappearance of Rwanda’s forests and attendant change in climatic conditions prompted the government to explore clean energy alternatives such as biogas. Unlike at any other time in Rwanda’s history, more and more Rwandans in rural areas are becoming owners of cattle because of the Government of Rwanda’s agricultural direct assistance and poverty reduction programme known as Girinka. This chapter focuses on the various strategies employed by the government of Rwanda in achieving increased biogas use among the rural poor Girinka beneficiaries who use cow dung for their domestic biogas plants. Conditions necessary for successful implementation of clean energy pro-poor reforms in rural communities are explored.


Author(s):  
Nensyana Shafitri ◽  
Armen Zulham ◽  
Umi Muawanah

Masyarakat pesisir di perbatasan Kabupaten Nunukan (Provinsi Kalimantan Utara, Indonesia) dan Tawau (Sabah, Malaysia) saling ketergantungan diantara keduanya dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan pokok dan input produksi perikanan. Kajian ini bertujuan menggambarkan hubungan kekerabatan masyarakat Nunukan dengan masyarakat Tawau, dan menganalisis perilaku para pelaku utama pada usaha perikanan. Responden dipilih secara purposive terhadap pemilik usaha penangkapan ikan dan budi daya rumput laut di Pulau Nunukan dan Pulau Sebatik. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), dan observasi dengan metode survei. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif dan deskripsi tabulasi silang dengan penghitungan sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perekonomian masyarakat perbatasan di Nunukan dipengaruhi oleh sistem kekerabatan dalam menjalankan usaha dan perilaku bisnis. Sistem kekerabatan dibangun untuk menjamin agar usaha yang dijalankan dapat berjalan dengan baik. Perilaku bisnis nelayan dan pembudi daya rumput laut menjamin keberlanjutan peningkatan skala usaha melalui akses sumber daya yang terjamin, pemilihan tenaga kerja yang tepat, pemilihan akses pasar yang sesuai, pemilihan teknologi yang tepat, pemanfaatan sumber modal yang saling menguntungkan, serta pemanfaatan sumber tabungan yang ada. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah daerah Kabupaten Nunukan diharapkan dapat membentuk asosiasi atau kelompok dagang dan mendorong lembaga keuangan finansial (terutama Bank BRI atau Bank BUMN lain) mempunyai perwakilan di desa-desa produsen rumput laut dan penangkapan ikan.Title: Coastal Community and Its Behavior to Fisheries Business Networks: Case Study of Border Area in Nunukan RegencyCoastal communities in Nunukan Regency (North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia) and Tawau (Sabah, Malaysia) are interdependent in the fullfillment of the basic needs and fishery’s input production. This study aimed to describe the relationship between Nunukan and Tawau coastal community and to analyze the behaviors of the main actors of fishery businesses. Respondents were purposively selected from the owners of fishing boats and seaweed farm in Nunukan and Sebatik Island. Primary data were collected through interviews, group discussion, and survey observation. Data were analyzed with qualitative descriptive method and cross-tabulation with simple calculation. The results found that the economy of community in Nunukan was influenced by relationship system in business activities and behavior. Relationship system was built to ensure the benefit of their businesses. The business behaviors helped to ensure the sustainability and expansion of their businesses through the guarantee of resource access, employee selection, market selection, technology selection, mutual benefit of financial capital sources, and the use of existing savings. Therefore, the government of Nunukan Regency need to establish trade association or groups and to encourage the financial institution (especially government banks) to operate in the village of seaweed and fishing activities. 


2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Zakiyah Zakiyah

Since the independence of Indonesia was proclaimed in 1945 until now, it still has problem of economic and social crisis. Indonesian government has not succeeded in establishing a welfare economy and has not been able to build a solid economy for society. The purpose of this research is to find out Poverty Reduction Program in P3MD of Village Economic development. This is a qualitative research. Method of collecting data used in this research is interview about P3MD in Poverty Reduction through the development of Infrastructure, Education, and Health. Primary data in this study is obtained in the field, the results of interviews with leaders or village apparatus. Secondary data is obtained from document collection related to Poverty Reduction Program. In addition, secondary data is also obtained from library research. The results of this study show the activities in the form of development of facilities and infrastructure such as creativity training, makeup, catfish breeding, making batik, and others can improve economic growth. The concepts of P3MD consist of socialization, negotiation, programming, activity implementation and community participation in Salam Babaris sub district. In the implementation of the P3MD program, the government must determine the policy on the process of distributing the village funds through regional government budget for the development of rural communities in order to be distributed correctly and on time in accordance with village law.Semenjak kemerdekaan bangsa Indonesia diproklamasikan pada tahun 1945 hingga saat ini, ternyata perekonomian bangsa Indonesia selalu dilanda krisisekonomi dan sosial. Pemerintahan di Indonesia yang sekarang berjalan silih berganti ternyata belum mampu membangun sebuah perekonomian kesejahteran dan ternyata belum bisa membangun perekonomian yang kokoh, memakmurkan, mensejahterakan dan adil bagi seluruh rakyat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Program Pengentasan Kemiskinan dalam P3MD pembangunan perekonomian desa. Dalam penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Dalam metode kualitatif menggunakan pengumpulan data dengan cara wawancara mengenai P3MD dalam pengentasan kemiskinan dengan melalui pembangunan sarana dan prasarana, pendidikan, dan kesehatan. Data primer dalam penelitian ini berupa data yang diperoleh dilapangan, hasil wawancara dengan pimpinan atau pejabat yang ditunjuk dikantor kelurahan dan kecamatan. Sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi dokumen terkait dengan Program Pengetasan Kemiskinan. Di samping itu data sekunder juga diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan (library research) berupa buku panduan, literature kepustakaan dan catatan-catatan yang berhubungan dengan program Perencanaan Partisipasi Pembangunan Masyarakat Desa (P3MD). Hasil dari Penelitian ini menunjukan Program-program kegiatannya berupa pembangunan sarana dan prasarana maupun pembangunan perekonomi lewat kegiatan Bumdesa seperti pelatihan-pelatihan kreativitas seperti tata boga, tata rias, budidaya lele dumbo, membatik, dan lain-lain. Rangkaian konsep perencanaan P3MD terdiri dari sosialisasi, musyawarah program/Musrenbang desa, penyusunan program, pelaksanaan kegiatan dan partisipasi masyarakat di Kecamatan Salam Babaris. Dalam penyelenggaraan program P3MD pemerintah harus menentukan kebijakan mengenai proses pencairan dana desa melalui APBD untuk pembangunan masyarakat desa tertinggal tersalurkan dengan benar dan tepat waktu sesuai dengan ketentuan UU Desa. 


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Ezekiel Akerele ◽  
Sheriff Adekunmbi

Cooperatives play an important role in facilitating access to credit, procurement and storage distribution of input and marketing of products. They create employment opportunities particularly in the rural areas and allow disadvantaged groups to be organized for social and economic benefit. This study was conducted in Abeokuta North and Abeokuta South Local Government Areas of Ogun State, Nigeria. Both primary data and secondary data were used for the study. Multi–stage random sample was used to sample 108 cooperative members. Data collected were analysed using descriptive tools, budgetary analysis, logit and multiple regression model. The findings shows that majority (50.9 percent) of the cooperators are male, 77.8 percent were married,59.3 percent were Christians while 98.1 percent were educated.Majority (87.9 percent) had experience ranging from 1 – 10 which is good in business. The total variables cost from business was estimated at N70,983.47, total fixed cost was N276,271 and this accounted for only 79.56 percent of the total cost. Returns on Investment (RRI), Profitability Index (PI), Return on Variable Cost (RRVC) and Operation Ratio (OR) were 181.62%, 0.63, 173.42% and 0.21 respectively. Also some (48.1 percent) of the respondents enjoyed loan benefit, while 40.7 percent enjoyed business improvement benefit.The results showed that start up capital, labour and credit obtained were significant to cooperative members’access to credit. The result revealed that majority (72.2 percent) of the respondents suffered from non-remittance of deduction by the government as their own challenges. The study concluded that cooperative credit societies is very productive and effective in helping members achieving their goals and also improve their standard of living. Cooperatives societies should encourage members in quick accessibility to loan.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sibongokuhle Sam Gumede ◽  

In the developing world, especially in Africa, informal sector businesses in rural areas, have been found to be the engine driving in poverty alleviation and in creating employment opportunities, economic development and poverty reduction. Although the government of South Africa has embarked on various interventions to address the growing problem of poverty and unemployment rate that is facing the country especially in the rural areas. As a result, many unemployed people and poor households venture into informal sector to escape poverty especially those people who live in rural areas where there are less job opportunities. It is against this background that this study attempts to document the role of the informal business sector in poverty alleviation in rural areas. The following objectives were implemented in order to achieve the intention of the study: to document the profile of informal business traders in Mtubatuba Local Municipality, assessing their knowledge in operating a business and the challenges they face, examine the contribution informal enterprises contribute to rural households in alleviating poverty. A multi-stage sampling technique was adopted to randomly select 180 controlled informal traders. A mixed research method was used on this study where, field observations, key informants and open-ended and closed questionnaires were used to gather the information. Analysis of the data was done with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. The outcome of the study revealed that informal traders in KwaMsane and Mpukunyoni are from 40-45 years old on average and about 74.5% are female. Most of entrepreneurs came from a background of poverty. The most dominating type of businesses around the study area was tuck-shops. However, the sector is still confronted with various challenges that are obstructing it growth, sustainability and profitability. About 90% of entrepreneurs responded that they are breadwinners in their households meaning that their business income is the only source of income for their families. The study therefore recommends that the state and policy-makers need to recognise and involve entrepreneurs in drafting of policies so that these businesses can grow


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Lilinesia L ◽  
Yenni Mariani Sinurat ◽  
Rodi Syafrizal ◽  
Rico Nur Ilham

Currently the government continues to strive to build and develop the economy of rural areas through community empowerment programs with the aim of increasing productivity, business diversity and regional potential with the aim of improving the economy and welfare of rural communities. One of the government programs is by providing a budget. Funds in the field of community empowerment are used to support capital for the formation of Village Owned Enterprises (BUMDes). Where in accordance with the objectives of BUMDes, namely optimizing the management of village assets and the potential of existing villages, to support the village economy, and improve the welfare of the village community. But unfortunately, until now the role and function of my BUMDes has not been effective and cannot be felt by the community. This is due to the incompetence and lack of professionalism of human resources managing BUMDes and the lack of integration of the businesses managed by BUMDes with the existing village potential so that it seems as if BUMDes stands only as a formality without supporting the economic potential of rural communities. The purpose of this study is to create a strategic concept in the management of BUMDes so that it runs more effectively and according to targets so that it can support the economy of rural communities through the development of human resource knowledge in managing BUMDes that is integrated with the economic potential of rural communities. So that BUMDes and Village Basic Pontesials are integrated in a business institution that supports the village economy for the welfare of the village community. This solution can help rural communities in strengthening their economy and provide knowledge views and open insight to BUMDes managers so that they can develop BUMDes into businesses that are in synergy with the community. This study uses primary data sourced from questionnaires and interviews aimed at BUMDes management employees to see the extent to which the abilities, expertise, and knowledge of BUMDes management employees can evaluate and innovate in the business.


2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-681
Author(s):  
Vince Tebay

In Papua Province, poverty has become an important problem common in other regions in Indonesia and worldwide, especially in developing countries. The Millennium Development Goals targets have pushed the Indonesian government to emphasize poverty reduction programs throughout Indonesia. Rural areas in Papua, particularly villages, have been the target point for the poverty alleviation program because many in rural areas experience poverty that is worse than urban areas. Rural development is considered an effective method for poverty reduction. Meanwhile, the development program as a whole has neglected rural communities. In Papua Province, poverty reduction programs have been implemented ineffectively due to part of the village development program, the top-down approach of the government, and the absence of competent resources. So far, village development policies have been implemented without considering village potential, spatial arrangements, holistic approaches, and lack of budget allocations. In addition, the role of village government shows an ineffective performance. Thus, this study aspires to identify how much influence communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure have on poverty reduction in Papua Province. This study indicates that communication, resources, dispositions, and bureaucratic structures affect village development policies and influence poverty reduction in Papua Province. This research also shows that the lower the performance of the implementation of village development policies indicated by four variables, the less effective it is in poverty alleviation in Papua Province. In this study, a novelty that previous researchers have not found has been found, namely; that in the effectiveness of poverty reduction, it is necessary to develop an effective communication so that program implementation can run optimally, and it needs to be supported by the character or behavior of the implementers of the village development program.


Author(s):  
S. U. Nwibo ◽  
T. O. Okonkwo ◽  
A. V. Eze ◽  
B. N. Mbam ◽  
N. E. Odoh

The paucity of empirical evidence to show the correlation between microcredit and poverty reduction in North-East, Nigeria led to the study on the effect of microcredit on poverty reduction among rural farm households. Multi-stage random and purposive sampling techniques were employed to select 200 farm households who constituted the sample size. Data were collected primarily using structured questionnaire and analysed with the aid of descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed informal microcredit as the major source of credit for farm households. The result further indicated that 46% of the loan applied for was disbursed, resulting to 47% rise in farm household’s income. Meanwhile, 62% of farm households surveyed were poor with poverty depth of 0.43 and poverty severity at 0.38. The regression analysis on the effect of microcredit on the income of the farm households revealed that the coefficient of income was positive and statistically significant at 1% probability. The effect of microcredit on the poverty profile of farm households revealed that microcredit exerts negative influence on poverty profile of farm households in the study area. The study recommends: the establishment of robust rural credit scheme in rural areas; and institution of policy framework that will enable poor rural households without appropriate collateral to access funds for farm and non-farm activities.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
Sukharanjan Debnath

As per rules, the Savings practice of Government salaried people is mandatory up to a stipulated amount of monthly salary. According to GPF, EPF and NPS Rules, a predetermined amount is deducted by the employer at source for the future wellbeing of the concerned employee and invest to GPF, EPF, NPS, etc. In addition to these mandatory savings, employees can save their money to other savings instruments according to their capability and other conditions. As most of the government employees in Unakoti district of Tripura are working with small designations and salaries, they are not able to save more in addition to mandatory savings. Fixed Pay Employee (FPE), Contract Base Worker (CBW), Per Time Worker (PTW), Monthly Pay Worker (MPW), Daily Rate Worker (DRW) are the working conditions where employees get less amount of salary in comparison to regular employees. Under these conditions, their savings rate is also low in comparison to other employees. Other Sources of income, spouse job, dependency ratio, age, literacy level, educational qualification and availability of savings instruments nearby employees are an important aspect for better understanding of savings improvement in the District. The present study entitled “Savings behavior of Government Salaried People in Unakoti District of Tripura” is an empirical study based on primary data and secondary data. The study reveals that the savings rate of salaried people in Unakoti District of Tripura is growing slowly. Financial literacy, reduction of dependency ratio by employment generation programs, Massive awareness program and availability of savings instruments in the rural areas may make a vigorous savings environment in Unakoti District of Tripura.


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