scholarly journals The Effect of Fertilizer Treatment on the Morphology of Maize (Zea mays) Planted in An Intercropping System in the Immature Oil Palm Plantation

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (03) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
Alhaviz Alhaviz ◽  
Hariyadi Hariyadi ◽  
Supijatno Supijatno
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Main Crop ◽  
Immature Oil ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Additional Income ◽  
Weight Number

Applying and optimizing an intercropping system between oil palm and seasonal crops such as maize in the immature palm oil plantation is one way of obtaining additional income for farmers until the main crop (oil palm) mature and ready to harvest. The aim of the research was to determine the effects of fertilizers, particularly nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) on the growth and production of maize in an intercropping system with oil palm. The experiment, using one-factor randomized complete block design, was conducted at the Cikabayan Experimental Station, IPB University, Indonesia, from August to December 2020. Four set-ups were prepared corresponding to four different fertilizer applications as follows: A0 (without treatment), A1 (240 g Urea + 80 g KCl + 320 g SP-36 per plot), A2 (480 g Urea + 160 g KCl + 320 g SP-36 per plot), A3 (720 g Urea + 240 g KCl + 320 g SP-36 per plot). Applying the highest dosages of N and K (A3), significantly increased plant height, fresh weight, number of leaves, leaf area, stem diameter, cob length, cob weight, and husk-free cob weight. Intercropping maize with immature oil palm did not affect the oil palm growth.

scholarly journals Effects of cowdung and potassium on growth and yield of Kohlrabi

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Sultana ◽  
M A Siddique ◽  
M H A Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Four Levels

An experiment was carried out at the Horticulture Farm of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during  the period from November 2010 to January 2011 to study the effects of cowdung and potassium on growth and yield  of Kohlrabi. The experiment consisted of three levels of cowdung (0, 20 and 40 t/ha) and four levels of potassium (0,  20, 50, 80 kg /ha). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. All the  parameters were significantly influenced by application of cowdung and potassium. The highest plant height (44.65  cm), number of leaves per plant (12.11), length of largest leaf (37.54 cm), and breadth of largest leaf (18.66 cm) were  obtained from the highest dose of cowdung and potassium applied (40 t cowdung + 80 kg K/ha) while the lowest  plant height (33.64 cm), number of leaves (9.01), length of largest leaf (27.94 cm), and breadth of largest leaf (11.00  cm) were obtained from control treatment combination. The highest fresh weight of leaves (49.33 g), fresh weight of  knob (328.66 g) and fresh weight of roots (66.55 g) per plant were also recorded under the treatment combination of  40 t cowdung + 80 kg K/ha, while the lowest fresh weight of leaves (22.11 g), fresh weight of knob (136.00 g) and  fresh weight of roots (23.33 g) were obtained from control treatment combination. Similarly, the dry weight of leaves  (19.34%), knob (15.19%) and roots (32.75%) were highest under the same treatment combination of 40 t cowdung +  80 kg K/ha and the lowest dry weight of leaves (11.71%), dry weight of knob (7.38%) and dry weight of roots  (15.29%) were obtained from control treatment combination C0K0. The marketable yields of knob per plot (7.86 kg)  and per hectare (39.58 tons) were also the highest under the treatment combination 40 t cowdung/ha and 80 kg  potassium per hectare.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i1.12035   J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 10(1): 27–32, 2012  

scholarly journals RESPONSE OF ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS L. FORINOCULATION WITH MYCORRHIZAE AND FOLAIR APPLICATION WITH BIO-STIMULATORS AND EFFECT ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH CHARACTERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Special) ◽  
Author(s):  
AL-Samarai & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Growth Characters ◽  
Relative Chlorophyll Content

The current study  was carried out at the Fields belongs of Horticulture  Department, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Science, University of  Baghdad, Al-Jadiriyah for the spring season 2016 -2017 to study the effect for  inoculation mycorrhizae and  folair application  with bio stimulators and their interaction in the growth characters of  (local okra  ptera). A factorial experiment  (2  in randomized complete block design (RCBD), the experiment included (12) treatment  Distributed  in three  replicates. The three factors used in this experiment included . The inoculation with control (C) Mycorrhizae  ( M ) , Biozyme  (B ) ( B1 2cm3.L-1), ( B2 4cm1-.L-1) , Phosphalas (P) (P 2cm3.L-1),  ( M + B1), ( M + B2), (P + M ), ( P + B1), (P + B2), ( M + P + B1), ( M + P + B2). The data were analyzed according to the design followed and the mean was tested by the lowest significant difference at 0.05%. The results showed a significant increase in the studied traits .  The results showed that the three factors and their interactions had significant effects on most of the growth characters measured. The inoculation with the Mycorrhizae  , Biozyme  and  Phosphalas was superior in giving higher values of  plant height  (M1B2P1) 120.00 cm,  Main branches number  per plant 13.00,  number of  leaves 197.0  (Leaf .plant -1),  leaf area  394.0 (dcm2. Leaf ),  fresh weight  of vegetative 3200 (kg. plant-1)  Dry weight of vegetative 209.0 ( g . plant-1), number of  nodules on the stem 41.33  (nod. plant -1),  relative chlorophyll content  (SAPD) respectively. The M1B2P0 combination treatment recorded the highest values of  secondary branches number  per plant 10.33. The M1B1P0 treatment recorded the highest values of diameter of stem 4.03 (cm).   

scholarly journals Responses of garlic to zinc, copper, boron and molybdenum Application in grey terrace soil of amnura soil series

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
MN Yousuf ◽  
MM Hasan ◽  
S Brahma ◽  
Deeder Sultana ◽  
AHM Fazlul Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Barind Tract ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Bulb Yield

A field experiment was conducted at the Spices Research Centre, Shibgonj, Bogra, Bangladesh during rabi (winter) seasons of 2008-09 and 2009-10 to determine the requirement of Zn, Cu, B and Mo of garlic (BARI Garlic 2) along with a blanket dose of cowdung 5 t, 100 kg N, 40 kg P, 100 kg K and 30 kg S/ha for achieving satisfactory bulb yield of this crop. Different levels of zinc (0, 1.0, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 kg/ha), copper (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 kg/ha), boron (0, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 kg/ha) and molybdenum (0, 0.5 and 1.0 kg/ha) were distributed in the plot. The experiment was tested in randomized complete block design with three replications. The positive impact of application of those nutrients plant height, number of leaves per plant, cloves per bulb, diameter and weight of bulb and yield of garlic up to a moderate level of Zn3.0Cu1.0B3.0Mo1.0 kg/ha. The highest bulb yield (4.87 t/ha in 2008-09 and 6.6 t/ha in 2009-10) was obtained from Zn3.0Cu1.0B3.0Mo1.0 kg/ha and yield was declined with higher dose of these elements except Mo. The fertilizer treatment Zn3.0Cu1.0B3.0Mo1.0 kg/ha was observed to be the best suitable dose for garlic production on Grey Terrace Soil of Amnura Soil Series under AEZ-25 (Level Barind Tract) of Bangladesh.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(1): 85-90, March 2016

scholarly journals The impact of different nutritional treatments on maize hybrids morphological traits based on stability statistical methods

2020 ◽  
pp. 666
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohammad Nasir Mousavi ◽  
Árpád Illés ◽  
Csaba Bojtor ◽  
Janos Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Weight Number

This study investigates the sustainability of agriculture in the context of the various debates that have occurred about agriculture, its elements, and functions. One of the main breeding programs aims to achieve stable and high yield varieties in different conditions by studying the effect of genotypes on traits year on year. The study investigates the effect of genotypes on grain yield traits in two hybrids (FAO340 and FAO410) planted in a completely randomized block design with four replications for two years in the Debrecen region of Hungary. It includes a combined variance analysis significant on different fertilizer treatments with traits on FAO410 and FAO340 hybrids. The AMMI analysis and biplot showed that one thousand grain weight and leaf number were the maximum effects on the yield in the FAO340 hybrid. Also, plant fresh weight and plant height were the maximum effects on the yield in the FAO410 hybrid. The fourth fertilizer treatment had the highest yield, with desirable stability on FAO340 and FAO410. There were desirable stability, maximum effect on yield by plant fresh weight, seeds per column amount, and stem diameter effects for the FAO340 hybrid, and seeds per ear weight, number of seeds per column, ear weight, and number of nodes effects in the FAO410 hybrid by GGE biplot analysis. The results confirmed that both the FAO340 hybrid and the FAO410 hybrid had desirable stability in Hungary.

scholarly journals Assessment effect of macronutrients on growth and phytochemical contents of Iranian native spinach

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Abbas Mirjalili ◽  
Elahe Poorazizi
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Potassium Sulfate ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Weight Number

Overmuch usage of chemicals in crops, especially in leafy vegetables, caused people exposed to health and environmental risks. In Iran, spinach used as a winter vegetable that believed has high Iron and is useful for anemia. The objective of the experiment was determining optimum usage of each macronutrients for obtaining safe with maximum growth and yield in order to extension among farmers. Treatments were chemical fertilizers including ammonium sulfate, super phosphate triple and potassium sulfate at 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg/h against control in a randomized complete block design. Results showed that nitrogen caused elevation of fresh and dry weight in spinach as the maximum obtained in 200 kg/h ammonium sulfate. Results obtained from effect of phosphorus showed that super phosphate increased fresh and dry weight of spinach; but potassium sulfate had no effect on its growth and yield. Analysis of variance on cross effect of data showed significant differences in fresh and dry weight, number of leaves, chlorophyll content and nitrate, but no in length and wide of leaves.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF APPLICATION OF GRANULAR ORGANIC FERTILIZER ON PEST RESISTANCE AND PRODUCTIVITY OF THREE RED ONION CULTIVARS (Allium ascalonicum L.)

Agrivet ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tabita Karismawati ◽  
Ellen Rosyelina Sasmita ◽  
Rukmowati Brotodjojo
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Pest Resistance ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Neem Leaves ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The aim of this research was to know the effect of granular organic fertilizer enriched with boiler ash and neem leaves powder on productivity and pest resistance of three red onion cultivars (Allium ascalonicum L.). The research was conducted in coastel sandy soils in Srigading village, Sanden, Bantul, DIY, from June to August 2017. The experiment was arranged in a Completly Randomized Block Design with two factors. The first factor was the doses of granular organic fertilizer (20 ton/ha, 30 ton/ha and 40 ton/ha) and anorganic fertilizer as control. The second factor was red onion cultivars (Super Biru, Crok Kuning and Tiron). Parameters observed included plant height, number of bulblets, number of leaves, pest population, damage intensity, number of bulbs, fresh weight of bulbs, fresh weight of bulbs per plot, economical weight of dried bulbs per plot and economical weight of dried bulbs per hectare. The data were subjected to Anova and followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at 5%. The results showed interaction between red onion cultivars and granular organic fertilizer significantly increased the number of bulblets, number of bulbs, fresh weight of bulbs, fresh weight of bulbs per plot, economical weight of dried bulbs per plot and economical weight of dried bulbs per hectare. The pest founded in this research was Spodoptera exigua. Pest population and damage intensity were not significantly effected by red onion cultivars and granular organic fertilizer treatment. The result showed the application of 40 ton/ha on Crok Kuning cultivar and Tiron cultivar resulted in the highest red onion production.Keywords: granular organik fertilizer, red onion, pest

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) dengan pemberian kompos blotong disertai dengan frekuensi penyiraman yang berbeda di pembibitan utama

Kultivasi ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira Ariyanti ◽  
Santi Rosniawaty ◽  
Hana Alfianita Utami
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Filter Cake ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Filter Cakes

Sari. Blotong merupakan salah satu bentuk limbah di pabrik gula yang memiliki nilai manfaat untuk diterapkan sebagai pupuk organik. Pada blotong terkandung beberapa unsur hara yang bermanfaat bagi tanaman yaitu unsur 1.51% N, 5.63% P2O5, 0.26% K2O dan 32.38% C-organik. Selain itu pemanfaatan blotong sebagai pupuk organik diharapkan mengurangi penggunaan pupuk anorganik dimana penggunaan yang berlebihan dalam jangka waktu yang lama secara terus menerus akan menyebabkan tanah tidak sehat karena mengerasnya lapisan tanah. Tujuan percobaan ini adalah mengkaji pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit dengan pemberian kompos blotong yang dikombinasikan dengan frekuensi penyiraman yang berbeda. Percobaan dilakukan mulai Desember 2017 sampai dengan April 2018 di Kebun Percobaan Ciparanje, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan perlakuan pemberian pupuk (pupuk anorganik, kompos blotong 500 g/tanaman,  kompos blotong dosis 1000 g/tanaman, kompos blotong 1500 g/tanaman) dan frekuensi penyiraman (setiap hari, 3 hari sekali, dan 5 hari sekali). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pemupukan dengan kompos blotong 1500 g/ tanaman yang disertai dengan penyiraman setiap hari menghasilkan pertumbuhan terbaik bibit kelapa sawit terutama pada parameter tinggi tanaman, lilit batang, jumlah daun dan bobot basah tanaman. Kompos blotong mengandung 32.38% C-organik, 1.51% N, 5.63% P2O5, dan 0.26% K2O.Kata Kunci: Kelapa sawit, pembibitan utama, blotong, frekuensi penyiramanAbstract. Filter cake is one form of the sugar mill waste, however it has an beneficial value as organic fertilizer. Filter cake of canes contains some plant nutrients such as 1.51% N, 5.63% P2O5, 0.26% K2O and 32.38% C-organic elements. The use of filter cake as organic fertilizer is expected to be reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers where excessive usage over a long period that caused the degradation of soil quality if without organic in application. The purpose of this experiment is was to examine the growth of oil palm seedlings by giving filter cakes compost combined with different watering frequencies. The experiment was conducted from December 2017 to April 2018 at the Ciparanje Experimental station, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University. A randomized block design (RBD) was used as the experimental design with four levels of fertilizer (without filter cakes (inorganic), 500, 1000, and 1500 g filter cake per plant) and the frequency of watering (every day, every 3 days, and every 5 days). The results of the experiment showed that filter cake compost of 1500 g/plant and watering of every day was the best result on growth of oil palm seedlings, particularly on the parameters of plant height, circumstance stems, number of leaves and fresh weight of plants. Filter cakes compost in this study contains 32.38% C-organic, 1.51% N, 5.63% P2O5, and 0.26% K2O.Keywords: oil palm, main nursery, filter cake, watering frequency

scholarly journals Effect of Zinc and Boron on Growth and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Nusrat Jahan ◽  
Md. Ashabul Hoque ◽  
Md. Rasal-Monir ◽  
Sumya Fatima ◽  
Mohammad Nurul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Fruit Diameter

The study was carried out to find out the effect of zinc (Zn) and boron (B) on growth and yield of okra (BARI Dherosh 1). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments of the experiment were, T0 (without Zn or B), T1 (20 kg Zn ha-1), T2 (30 kg Zn ha-1), T3 (10 kg B ha-1), T4 (20 kg B ha-1), T5 (20 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1), T6 (20 kg Zn ha-1 + 20 kg B ha-1), T7 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1) and T8 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 20 kg B ha-1) were undertaken to evaluate the best results of the study. The highest plant height was found in T8 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 20 kg B ha-1) but the highest number of leaves plant-1 was recorded from T7 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1). On the other hand, the maximum leaf area index, SPAD value, mean fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit dry matter (%), number of fruits plant-1, fresh fruit weight plant-1 , fruit yield plot-1 and fruit yield ha-1 were found in T7 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1), while the control (T0) showed lowest performance for the respected parameters. It is strongly concluded that 30 kg Zn ha-1 with 10 kg B ha-1 combination may be helpful for okra cultivation in the field level to increase okra production.

scholarly journals Effect of Seeding Rate On Growth And Yield Of Okra (Abelmoschus Esculantus) In Zuru Northern Guinea Savanna Of Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohanna J, A. ◽  
Muhammad A, M.
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Resource Space ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
The Mean

Field experiment was carried out during 2010 rainy season to find the effect of seeding rate on the growth and yield of okra (Abelmuschus esculentus) in Zuru Northern Guinea Savannah. Zuru is located in Zuru Local government area of Kebbi State (Latitude 11o 251 to 11o 551 North and Longitude 4o 51 to 5o 251 East of the equator). The experiment consisted of three treatments that is planting okra at one plant per stand (S1), two plants per stand (S2) and three plants per stand (S3). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) and the treatments replicated three time. The result of the experiment has shown that plant height and number of leaves/plant at 3, 6 and 9 weeks after planting (    WAP) were significantly influenced by seeding rate (P<0.05). At 3, 6 and 9 WAP tallest plants were obtained from okra plants planted at three plants/stand (27.83, 54.0 and 77.0cm) respectively followed by okra planted at two plant/stand (24.77, 50.67 and 74.33 leave/plant respectively ). However, more number of leaves/plant were obtained from okra plant at one plant/stand (9.67, 24.67 and 48.0 leaves/plant respectively) followed by okra planted at two plants/stand (8.33, 18.33 and 36.33 leaves/plant respectively). Seeding rate had significant influence on time of 50 percent flowering with one plant/stand first attaining 50 percent flowering stage just within 36.33 days followed by okra planted at two plants/stand (38 days). The mean fresh fruit yield of okra was also significantly influenced by seeding rate with the highest yield of fresh fruits obtained from three plants/stand (83.34/ha) followed by okra planted at two plants/stand (55.56/ha). However, the result of the findings recommends that, okra should be planted at two plants/stand for medium sized and marketable okra fresh fruits since at three plants/stand leads to the production of undersized fresh fruits which do not often attract customers. At one plant/stand, there seemed to be early fruiting and bigger sized fresh fruits but low total yield due to underutilization of land resource/space. Planting at one plant/stand should therefore be avoided

scholarly journals Karakterisasi Morfologi dan Sifat Kuantitatif Gandum (Triticum aestivum L.) di Dataran Menengah

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Sartika Widowati ◽  
Nurul Khumaida ◽  
Sintho Wahyuning Ardie ◽  
Dan Trikoesoemaningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Character ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Weight Number

ABSTRACT<br /><br />Indonesia is one of the largest wheat importers. Suitable environmental condition for wheat needs to be studied if wheat is going to be widely cultivated in Indonesia. The adaptability of wheat grown in various climates and altitudes is one of the important aspects. The objective of this experiment was to study the quantitative and morphological character of wheat grown in middle land (540 m asl) in Bogor, West Java. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. Wheat genotypes used were three national varieties (Nias, Selayar, and Dewata), four new improved varieties (Guri 3 Agritan, Guri 4 Agritan, Guri 5 Agritan, and Guri 6 Unand), and one introduced genotype (SBD). Data were collected for several quantitative variables and seventeen morphological characters based on UPOV descriptor. The result showed that wheat growth was restricted in Bogor. Genotype determined plant height, leaf number, ear length, root length, number of spikelet, harvest time, seed weight, number of tillers, and plant biomass. Based on ear length, grain weight, and plant biomass, Guri 3 Agritan had the highest production than the other genotypes.<br /><br />Keywords: diversity, genetic relationship, high temperature, introduced genotype, phylogenetic<br /><br />

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