Prevalence of blaTEM and blaVEB Genes in Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Strains Isolated from Burn Wound Infection in Isfahan, Iran

Abstract Hospital-acquired infections are common in burn patients and are the major contributors of morbidity and mortality. Bacterial infections such as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) are difficult to treat due to their biofilm formation and rapidly acquiring resistance to antibiotics. This work presents a newly developed hydrogel that has the potential for treating bacterial wound infections. The hydrogel formulation is based on an antimicrobial peptide (AMP), epsilon-poly-l-lysine (EPL) and catechol, which was cross-linked via mussel-inspired chemistry between the amine and phenol groups. In vitro studies showed that EPL-catechol hydrogels possess impressive antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties toward multidrug-resistant A. baumannii (MRAB). In addition, cytotoxicity study with the clonal mouse myoblast cell line (C2C12) revealed the good biocompatibility of this hydrogel. Furthermore, we created a second-degree burn wound on the mice dorsal skin surface followed by contamination with MRAB. Our results showed that the hydrogel significantly reduced the bacterial burden by more than four orders of magnitude in infected burn wounds. Additionally, there was no significant histological alteration with hydrogel application on mice skin. Based on these results, we concluded that EPL-catechol hydrogel is a promising future biomaterial to fight against multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.

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Antibiotic resistance pattern of Acinetobacter baumannii from burns patients: increase in prevalence of blaOXA-24-like and blaOXA-58-like genes

Iranian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.18502/ijm.v11i6.2222 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Niloofar Tafreshi ◽

Laleh Babaeekhou ◽

Maryam Ghane

Keyword(s):

Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽

Insertion Sequence ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Carbapenem Resistance ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Resistance Pattern ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Burn Wound ◽

Beta Lactamases ◽

First Time

Background and Objectives: Notwithstanding the increased prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii drug-resistant isolates, treatment options are progressively limiting. This study aims to provide a recent report on antibiotic susceptibility in burn wound isolates of A. baumannii, and the importance of OXA beta-lactamases in carbapenem resistance. Materials and Methods: The susceptibility levels to different antimicrobial categories were determined among 84 A. baumannii isolates from burn wound infection between 2016 and 2018. Multiplex PCR was used to detect OXA beta-lactamases genes, including blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24 and blaOXA-58. ISAba-1 association with blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-58 was detected by PCR mapping. Results: All the isolates were determined as multidrug-resistant (MDR) and 69% as extensively drug-resistant (XDR). Different carbapenems MIC ranges (MIC50 and MIC90) were observed among the isolates harboring blaOXA-like genes and isolates with the OXA-24-like enzyme showed higher carbapenems MIC ranges. The prevalence of blaOXA-51-like, blaOXA-23-like, blaOXA-24-like and blaOXA-58-like were 100%, 53.57%, 41.66% and 30.95%, respectively. ISAba-1 insertion sequence was found to be upstream to blaOXA-23-like and blaOXA-58-like genes in 23 out of 45 (71.1%) blaOXA-23-like-positive and 4 out of 23 (15.3) blaOXA-58-like-positive isolates, respectively. Conclusion: Resistance to carbapenems as the last resort for treatment of A. baumannii infections is growing. This study, for the first time in Iran, has observed the increased frequency of blaOXA-24-like and blaOXA-58-like genes and found an association between ISAba-1 and blaOXA-58-like gene, which signifies the possible risk of increased diversity in OXA beta-lactamases and growth in carbapenem resistance

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Bacteriologic Profile of Burn Wounds at a Tertiary Government Hospital in the Philippines—UP-PGH ATR Burn Center

Journal of Burn Care & Research ◽

10.1093/jbcr/irz060 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (5) ◽

pp. 658-668

Author(s):

Gerald Marion M Abesamis ◽

Jose Joven V Cruz

Keyword(s):

Wound Infection ◽

Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽

The Philippines ◽

Control Measures ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Invasive Infection ◽

Burn Wound ◽

Culture Studies ◽

Burn Center ◽

Susceptibility Patterns

AbstractWound infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among burn patients. Recent changes in the epidemiology of burn wound infections were observed due to the steady rise of drug-resistant bacteria. The objective of this study is to determine the most common burn wound pathogens isolated among patients admitted at the UP-PGH ATR Burn Center, describe their respective susceptibility patterns, and calculate incidence rates of burn wound colonization, local, and invasive infection. Patients admitted at the UP-PGH Burn Center from March 2015 to February 2016 with tissue culture studies were monitored for development of wound infection; patient charts, tissue isolates, and their susceptibility patterns were reviewed. A total of 77 patients were included in the study wherein 36% had no infection, 42% had wound colonization, and 22% developed burn wound infection. Among these patients, 98 specimens were sent for culture studies which revealed Acinetobacter baumannii (25.6%) as the top pathogen isolated, followed by Enterococcus sp. (21.95%), and Pseudomonas sp. (18.29%). Acinetobacter baumannii was also the top isolate among patients with local and invasive infection (86 and 67%, respectively). Multidrug resistance was observed with A. baumannii and Pseudomonas exhibiting resistance towards meropenem, imipenem, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, and piperacillin-tazobactam but remained sensitive to colistin, amikacin, and minocycline. Vancomycin, cotrimoxazole, and ciprofloxacin were active against Gram-positive bacteria. Multidrug-resistant organisms pose a major risk in all burn units. To limit their growth, judicious use of antibiotics, aggressive infection control measures, close surveillance, and frequent antibiograms are needed.

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Prevalence of Multidrug Resistant (MDR) <i>Proteus</i> spp. in Burn Wound Infection of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Rajshahi

International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy ◽

10.11648/j.ijidt.20210602.14 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 65

Author(s):

Anika Tasnim ◽

Md. Shah Alam ◽

Md. Abdullah Yusuf ◽

Fazlay Akbar Khan ◽

Jannatul Ferdose ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Infection ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Burn Wound

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Study of genetic diversity, biofilm formation, and detection of Carbapenemase, MBL, ESBL, and tetracycline resistance genes in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from burn wound infections in Iran

Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control ◽

10.1186/s13756-019-0612-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Reza Ranjbar ◽

Abbas Farahani

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Tetracycline Resistance ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Control Measures ◽

Wound Infections ◽

Burn Wound ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB) isolated from burn wound infections is a major concern in intensive care or burns units worldwide, and molecular studies are considered critical strategies for control of MDR-AB outbreaks in this regard. Thus, in this study, antibiotic resistance, biofilm-forming ability, molecular epidemiology of MDR A. baumannii strains recovered from patients with burns were investigated in three major hospital centers of Iran. Methods In this cross-sectional research, 163 non-repetitive A. baumannii strains were tested for susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to characterize ambler classes A, B, and D β-lactamases, ISAba1 and integrons, biofilm formation was also investigated. Clonal relatedness was analyzed using Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE). Results Among 163 A. baumannii strains collected, 94.5% of them were Carbapenem-Non-Susceptible A. baumannii (CNSAB) and also 90.1 and 52.2% of them were Metallo-β-Lactamases (MBL) and Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBL) producing isolates, respectively. Colistin and polymyxin B exhibited excellent activity against CNSAB strains. High prevalence of blaOXA − 23-like (85.1%), blaVIM (60.5%), blaPER − 1 (42.3%), tetB (67.8%), and Class 1 integrons (65.6%) were identified in CNSAB strains. ISAba1 element was associated with 42 (25.8%) and 129 (98.5%) of blaOXA-51-like and blaOXA-23-like genes, respectively. 6 clusters with the ability to form strong biofilms were found to be dominant and endemic in our entire areas. Conclusions Results of the present study show that antimicrobial resistance in CNSAB isolates from burn wound infections in monitored hospitals in Iran is multifactorial, and also findings of the study suggested that local antibiotic prescription policies should be regularly reviewed, and efficient infection control measures should be observed. Therefore, further strengthening of surveillance of antimicrobial resistance is urgently needed in these regions.

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