scholarly journals EXCLUSIVE BREAST FEEDING

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 286-290
Author(s):  
SOHAIL ASLAM ◽  
FAROOQ AKRAM ◽  
MEHBOOB SULTAN
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Primary Care Hospital ◽  
Breast Feed ◽  
Study Setting ◽  
Breast Fed

Objective To study the duration and factors influencing exclusive breast feeding practice. Design: A cross sectional descriptive study Setting: A primary care hospital Gilgit, northern area of Pakistan. Period: Ten months from March 2007 to December 2007. Material & Method This study include 125 mothers with mean age of 24.3 years (SD 4.8),37% were illiterate while only 14% were matriculate or above among 125 babies (male 61%: female 39%). Results Out of total 125, eighty one (64.8%) babies were exclusively breast fed (EBF) for first six months of life and only five(4%) infants were not given breast milk at all . among 76 male infants ,52 (68.4%) were EBF for six months in comparison to 29 female (59.2%) out of 49. among 36 first born infants only 15 (41.7%) were EBF for six months in comparison to 66 (74.2%)out of 89 not first born(p<0.05). Conclusion: Exclusive breast feeding for complete 6 months is still not routinely practised by most of mothers and first born are deprived of this right in majority lower socioeconomic group and illiterate mothers are more likelyto breast feed, gender bias was also observed as a significantly high percentage of male babies were observed to be breast fed as compared to females. More efforts are required by health depart. And NGO’s to promote good breast feeding practices in our setup. 

scholarly journals Breast Feeding Remains a Strong Protection against Infant Infections.

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-207
Author(s):  
Shagufta Sohail ◽  
Kaneez Fatima ◽  
Noshina Riaz
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Breast Feed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Breast Fed

Background: Breast feeding prevents infections in infants. Those who are partially or never breast-fed and receiving bottle feeds are at higher risk of infections as compared to exclusive breast-fed infants. The objectives of this study were to record the effect of exclusive breast feeding versus partial and never breast feeding on infections in infants and also to find an association of infection with type of feed, gestation and vaccination status in infants till six months of age.Material and Methods: A total of 500 Infants were included in this cross-sectional study. Information regarding pattern of feeding and infections was obtained by verbal interview of mother and the questionnaire was filled by the study physician. The outcome evaluated was infections in infants till one year of age. Categorical comparisons were made using chi square test. A ‘p’ value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Out of 500 infants, 59.4% were males. About 59.6% were exclusively breast-fed till 6 months of age, 31.2% were partially breast-fed and 9.2% were never breast-fed. In exclusively breast-fed group, 29.5% infants reported infections as compared to 40.4% in partial breast-fed group and 65.2% in never breast-fed infants (P < 0.000). Similarly, 40.6% of infants in exclusively breast-fed group, 55.1% in partial breast feed and 58.7% in the never breast-fed reported infections in 4-6 months of age, which was statistically significant (P = 0.003). There was no significant difference in infection rates among the three study groups in 7-9 (P=0.192) and 10 -12 months (P=0.42) of age.Conclusions: Exclusive breast feeding till six months of age significantly reduces the risk of infections in infancy.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study to assess factors related to exclusive breast feeding practice among mothers of infants aged six months or less admitted in pediatric wards at tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 3336
Author(s):  
Niti V. Singh ◽  
Vijaykumar Singh ◽  
Soujannya K. Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding

Background: Infant feeding practices have a major role in determining the nutritional status of a child. Despite several benefits of exclusive breastfeeding, the practice is not common in many developing nations, including India. So there is a need to assess factors associated with exclusive breast feeding by mothers.Methods: A cross sectional study using the quantitative method by the means of a well prepared questionnaire, carried out in the pediatric ward of a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai. Data was collected by face to face interview and filed in a pretested, semi-structured, questionnaire. Data entry was done in excel sheet and analysed with the help of epi-info and statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) software and was presented in tabular and graphical form.Results: A total of 112 mothers with infants <6 months of age participated in the study with a response rate of 98%.Conclusions: Majority of mothers’ perception about exclusive breastfeeding was that they considered it insufficient for their infant’s health and nutrition, and hence also relied on other feeds.

scholarly journals Determinants of suboptimal breast-feeding practices in Pakistan

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 659-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tabish Hazir ◽  
Dure-Samin Akram ◽  
Yasir Bin Nisar ◽  
Narjis Kazmi ◽  
Kingsley E Agho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Timely Initiation ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Breast Feed

AbstractObjectiveExclusive breast-feeding is estimated to reduce infant mortality in low-income countries by up to 13 %. The aim of the present study was to determine the risk factors associated with suboptimal breast-feeding practices in Pakistan.DesignA cross-sectional study using data extracted from the multistage cluster sample survey of the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2006–2007.SettingA nationally representative sample of households.SubjectsLast-born alive children aged 0–23 months (total weighted sample size 3103).ResultsThe prevalences of timely initiation of breast-feeding, bottle-feeding in children aged 0–23 months, exclusive breast-feeding and predominant breast-feeding in infants aged 0–5 months were 27·3 %, 32·1 %, 37·1 % and 18·7 %, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that working mothers (OR = 1·48, 95 % CI 1·16, 1·87; P = 0·001) and mothers who delivered by Caesarean section (OR = 1·95, 95 % CI 1·30, 2·90; P = 0·001) had significantly higher odds for no timely initiation of breast-feeding. Mothers from North West Frontier Province were significantly less likely (OR = 0·37, 95 % CI 0·23, 0·59; P < 0·001) not to breast-feed their babies exclusively. Mothers delivered by traditional birth attendants had significantly higher odds to predominantly breast-feed their babies (OR = 1·96, 95 % CI 1·18, 3·24; P = 0·009). The odds of being bottle-fed was significantly higher in infants whose mothers had four or more antenatal clinic visits (OR = 1·93, 95 % CI 1·46, 2·55; P < 0·001) and belonged to the richest wealth quintile (OR = 2·41, 95 % CI 1·62, 3·58; P < 0·001).ConclusionsThe majority of Pakistani mothers have suboptimal breast-feeding practices. To gain the full benefits of breast-feeding for child health and nutrition, there is an urgent need to develop interventions to improve the rates of exclusive breast-feeding.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Practices Regarding Infant and Young Child Feeding among Mothers Working in Readymade Garments Sector in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-201
Author(s):  
Afrin Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Young Child ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Child Feeding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Young Child Feeding ◽  
Infant And Young Child ◽  
Maternity Benefits

Optimum is. Adequate Infant and young child feeding (IYCF), critical for child’s growth and development, requires a significant amount of time andcan be challenging for working mothers. In Bangladesh, about four million women work long-hours in Readymade Garment (RMG) factories without proper maternity benefits which raises concern regarding optimum IYCF practice. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study in Dhaka, Bangladesh to identify the knowledge and common practices of IYCF among mothers working in Readymade Garment sector. Ninety-three women of reproductive age (15-49 years), working in Readymade Garment sector, with children aged 6-23 months, were interviewed. Our study revealed- majority knew about exclusive breast feeding (EBF) (76%), duration to continue breast feeding (73%) and early initiation of breast feeding (53%). The exclusive breast-feeding practice in mothers employed in RMG sector was 44%. Three-fourths of the mothers knew and initiated complementary feeding timely. Both knowledge regarding age-adjusted minimum meal frequency (MMF) (19.4%) and minimum quantity (8.6%) were low; compared to actual practices. Nearly two-fifth of the mothers (40%) had to start working before their child reached six months of age enabling them to provide their baby with breastmilk substitutes. Mothers employed in Readymade Garment sector had better IYCF practice than general population. Proper workplace environment with mandatory breast-feeding corners, daycare facilities and ensuring maternity benefits in these mothers could help achieve an even better IYCF practices for their children.

Practice of Breast Feeding Under Two Years Children Amoung Mothers in a Selected Slum of Dhaka City

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Md. M Bhuiyan ◽  
N Shoaib ◽  
M Begum ◽  
Md. S H Khan ◽  
A Nasreen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Primary Level ◽  
Breast Feed ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
Supplementary Foods

A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among 240 mothers who had children under two years. Mean age of tlw resputulou was 26.73 years. Most of the mother (60.83%) had dtildren tuuler the age group of 6 months. Fifty three pen.ent respondent and their husbands (47.92%) completed primary level of education and monthly im.onte of them was within 5000-10000 !aka in 39.17% (teases. Most of the respondent (78%) thought that breast milk was most safe food for baby and 82% knew what colostrum was. Only 35% of respondents acquired knowledge about breast feeding from donor and health workers and 32% of mothers thought supplementaty foods should start at the age of 3 months. but .19% of mothers started giving supplementary foods at age of 6 months. It was seen that among breast feed children 51% of them frequently felt sick. Majority of the respondent's children (33%) suffered from common cold and cough and 22% suffered front diarrhoea! diseases. Even after a huge mass publicities and mobilization for many years to promote exclusive breast feeding. only 27% mothers know the duration of exclusive breast-feeding correctly as 6 months. Thus it is obvious that there is a large knowledgesto-pradice gap.

scholarly journals The relationship between feeding and nutritional status: a prospective and observational study conducted in northern region of India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1397
Author(s):  
Amarpreet Kaur ◽  
Karnail Singh ◽  
M. S. Pannu ◽  
Palwinder Singh ◽  
Neeraj Sehgal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
P Value ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Breast Feed

Background: The health of Infants to a great extent depends upon the feeding practices and its awareness among the mothers. This study was conducted in Tertiary care hospital to find the correlation between feeding pattern with nutritional status.Methods: Infants in the age group of 14 weeks to 1 year formed the sample of the study. The nutritional status was assessed in relation to breast feeding practice among infants ≤6 months. Among infants >6 months of age, the nutritional status was assessed in relation to adequacy and timely start of weaning. Correlation was observed, and test of significance was applied through chi square test.Results: Total 591 infants were included in the study out of which 232 infants were ≤6 months of age [120 (51.72%) were exclusively breastfed and 112 (48.28%) were top fed]. Out of these breast feed infants, 86/120 (71.67%) had normal nutrition compared to 54/112 (48.21%) of top-fed babies. Infants >6 months of age were 359 in number [116 (32.31%) were having adequate complementary feed, 111 (30.92%) were having inadequate complementary feed and 132 (36.77%) did not receive any complementary feed]. Out of these infants in the age group of >6 months, 56.90% of adequate complementary feed group, 27.03% of receiving inadequate complementary feed and 27.27% of not received complementary feed were having normal nutritional status. The association between nutritional status and breast feeding in ≤6 months and complementary feed in >6 months has been found to be statistically significant (p value < 0.05, d.f =1).Conclusions: Breastfeeding as well as adequate complementary feed has positive correlation to nutritional status in infants even when compared with the malnourished infants of grade I, II, III and IV.

scholarly journals Feeding Practices among Infants in a Rural Community in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-118
Author(s):  
Rajat Das Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Maternal Illness

Background: Proper feeding practices during infancy are necessary for the growth and development of infants and to prevent malnutrition. This study was conducted to describe the feeding practice among infants in a rural area in Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between February and June 2013. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews of 212 mothers using a pretested questionnaire. Results: Exclusive breast feeding and complementary feeding rates were 40.6% and 97.3%, respectively. One third of the mothers practiced prelactal feeding, and honey was the most common item. Maternal illness (72.7%) was the most common reason for not giving breast milk. Infant formula was used as an alternative food in majority of the cases (72.7%). Conclusion: Percentage of exclusive breast feeding was not satisfactory. Encouragement of female education is recommended to improve feeding practices and infant care

scholarly journals Common problems Encountered during Lactation and their Management in a Lactation Management Center

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Sabiha Shimul ◽  
Sameena Chowdhury ◽  
Mahe Jabeen ◽  
Ummay Salma ◽  
Mahbuba Akter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Inverted Nipple ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Breast Feed ◽  
Feeding Technique ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
Breast Fed

Background: Breastfeeding is widely known to be beneficial for infants and the mothersand also economically advantageous for the community. Objective: The principal purpose of this study was to explore the common problemsencountered during lactation and their management in a lactation management center. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted at lactation management center of Instituteof Child and Maternal Health (ICMH), Dhaka. A total of 100 lactating mothers were recruitedconsecutively during the period of August 2008 to October 2008. Data was collected byhistory taking and required examination. Result: In this study, 46.0% mothers complained of poor milk secretion, 13.0% had breastengorgement, 9.0% had cracked nipple, 3.0% had inverted nipple, 2.0% had nipple infection,2.0% had flat nipple, 1.0% had sore nipple, 1.0% had breast abscess and in 23% casesthere was no reasonable cause. During interview twenty seven percent of the mothers wereadvised to start nursing as soon as possible; 45.0% mothers breast fed on demand, 75.0%mothers demonstrated proper breast feeding technique, 36.0% mothers avoided use ofartificial milk, 10.0% mothers applied last part of milk on nipple, then dry by exposing to air,12.0% mothers manually express milk from the areola before breast feed if it is engorgedand 1.0% advised to slip the index or little finger into the infant’s mouth between his/hergums before the infant is taken off of the breast, to break suction. Conclusion: Almost half of the mothers complained of less milk production. Apart from this13.0% mothers had breast engorgement, 9.0% mothers had cracked nipple and no reasonablecause for lactation problem was found in 23.0% cases. More than half of the mothers hadincorrect knowledge and skill of breast feeding. Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2018; Vol. 33(1) : 36-39

scholarly journals Exclusive breast feeding reduces diarrhoeal episodes among children: results from a cross-sectional study among the mothers of under-five children in Kolkata

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nibedita Banerjee ◽  
Arup Chakraborty ◽  
Arista Lahiri ◽  
Kalidas Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
The Mean

Background: Breast feeding is of utmost importance for optimal child growth. This study aims to determine the knowledge on breast feeding among the mothers of under five children and to find out the association between the proportion of exclusive breast feeding and the incidence of diarrhoeal disease.Methods: An institution based cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among ninety (90) mothers of under five children who attended the immunization clinic of a tertiary care hospital with the help of a pre-designed, pre-tested, semi-structured schedule. Mothers were selected by systematic random sampling and interview done after obtaining written consent.Results: The mean age of the respondent mothers were 25.78 years. Among them 77.8% were staying in the nuclear family with the mean education up to 8th standard, 94.4% of home maker. The mean education of fathers was 9th standard with majority (77.8%) occupied either in service or in other occupation. Average no of children per family was 1.3. Majority of mothers’ younger children (66.7%) were male. Majority (66.7%) mothers had heard the term colostrum and 88.3% knew that colostrum has anti-infective property and nutritionally superior. Sixty (66.67%) mothers had exclusively breast fed their children. Out of not exclusively breastfed children 36.67% experienced diarrhoea.Conclusions: Though majority mothers knew about breastfeeding, yet the proportion not having proper knowledge was high. The statistical analysis showed exclusive breast feeding to be highly protective against developing diarrhoeal episodes. In order to generate better breastfeeding practices, addressing the knowledge gap is needed. 

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