ROOT CANAL TREATMENT;

Objective: To determine the frequency of root canal treatment in endodontic department of dental colleges of Karachi. StudyDesign: Cross-sectional study. Place and duration of study: Department of endodontics, Sir Syed Dental College & Hospital, Karachi from1st May 2011 to 31st August 2011. Material and Methods: Of the 400 teeth from 370 individuals (age range 12-50 years) were endodonticallytreated during four months by faculty members and postgraduate residents enrolled in a specialisation programme in department ofEndodontics. All patients were examined clinically and radiographically. For each case, information was collected in specifically designedproforma including location of the affected tooth, age and gender and reasons for endodontic treatment. Results: Of the 400 treated teeth, 225(56.25%) were mandibular and 175 (43.75%) were maxillary teeth. 236 teeth (59.0%) were from females and 164 (41.0%) from males.Significant differences were found between the maxillary and mandibular arch. Molars and premolars required significantly more frequentendodontic treatment than canines and incisors as revealed in fig.1. The most frequently treated tooth was the mandibular right first molar(9.12%) followed by the mandibular left first molar (7.07%). The mandibular first molar was the most common tooth to undergo endodonticprocedure than maxillary first molar. The most frequently diagnosed pathosis was irreversible pulpitis (44%), pulp necrosis (22%), retreatmentendodontic (17%), elective RCTs (10%) traumatic exposures were (7%) as shown in fig. II. Conclusions: Irreversible pulpitis was the mostfrequent cause of root canal treatment followed by pulp necrosis. Teeth of females required more endodontic treatment than males. The mostfrequent root canals were carried out in mandibular molars than maxillary molars.

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Self-declarative Performance of General Dentists in Prescribing Analgesics and Antibiotics for Patients Requiring Root Canal Treatment

Frontiers in Dentistry ◽

10.18502/fid.v18i13.6138 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Dibaji ◽

Reza Yazdani ◽

Sara Sajadi ◽

Elahe Mohamadi ◽

Fatemeh Mohammadian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Antibiotic Prescription ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Self ◽

Root Canal Treatment ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Scientific Congress ◽

General Dentists ◽

Irreversible Pulpitis

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the self-declarative performance of general dentists in prescription of analgesics and antibiotics for patients requiring root canal treatment (RCT). Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 400 general dentists participating in the 55th International Annual Scientific Congress of the Iranian Dental Association (2015) were randomly selected, and requested to complete a questionnaire about their performance regarding prescribing analgesics and antibiotics for patients requiring RCT. The frequency and percentage of answers to each question were calculated and reported. Results: The most commonly prescribed analgesics included ibuprofen (100.0%), Gelofen (100.0%), Novafen (68.5%) and acetaminophen (24.8%). After RCT, dentists prescribed ibuprofen (100.0%), Gelofen (98.3%), dexamethasone (35.3%), Novafen (27.3%) and acetaminophen/codeine (15.8%) in decreasing order of frequency. Antibiotic prescription was minimum (48.5%) for cases with painful (moderate or severe) irreversible pulpitis (vital tooth) before the treatment and maximum for cases of pulp necrosis with acute apical periodontitis, edema, and preoperative symptoms (moderate or severe) (97.3%). For non-allergic patients, the most frequently prescribed antibiotics were amoxicillin 500 mg (93.3%), cefixime 400 mg (81.3%), amoxicillin/metronidazole 250 mg (71.8%), co-amoxiclav 265 mg (36.3%) and injectable penicillin (0.5%). For allergic patients, dentists prescribed clindamycin 300 mg (84.0%), cephalexin 500 mg (15.8%), azithromycin 500 mg (13.5%), and erythromycin 500 mg (10.8%). Sex and graduation date had no significant effect on the results (P>0.05). Conclusion: Antibiotic prescription is excessive by general dentists, and their performance regarding the proper and logical prescription of antibiotics in RCT should be improved.

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Extra canal in permanent maxillary first molar in patients undergoing root canal treatment at a tertiary care dental hospital, Nepal

Journal of Kathmandu Medical College ◽

10.3126/jkmc.v10i1.38972 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 47-51

Author(s):

Archana Gharti ◽

Neera Joshi ◽

Kranti Prajapati ◽

Sharada Devi Wagle ◽

Suraj Shrestha

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Root Canal Treatment ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Root Canals ◽

Conservative Dentistry ◽

Ethical Approval ◽

Chi Square Test

Background: Permanent maxillary first molar normally has three root canals but it can have extra root canals for which several studies were done in many parts of the globe. However, this type of study to explore extra canal is lagging in the context of Nepal. Objectives: The objective was to determine the percentage of extra canal in permanent maxillary first molar in patients undergoing root canal treatment and to compare the same between male and female. Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of conservative dentistry and endodontics of People’s Dental College and Hospital from 20th December 2019 to 20th December 2020 after receiving ethical approval from Nepal Health Research Council on 18th December 2019 (ERB protocol No 888/2019) . One hundred and eighty permanent maxillary first molar teeth without root canal calcification were enrolled. Convenient sampling was done. Access opening was done and all canal orifices were located and recorded. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 with frequency table. Chi-square test was used for inferential statistics. Results: Out of 180 teeth, extra canals were present in 44(24.4%) having more numbers in male than in females. Extra canal was present in the mesiobuccal root. Conclusion: Extra canal in the permanent maxillary first molar is present in Nepalese population with greater number in male than in female. Thus, exploration of the pulp chamber in search of an extra canal is necessary to prevent failure of root canal treatment.

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Ethical Aspects concerning Instrument Separation and Perforations during Endodontic Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2020/8849105 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Raidan Ba-Hattab ◽

Ishrat Rahman ◽

Lubna K. Elsayed ◽

Wejdan F. Alasmari ◽

Randa Abidia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Endodontic Treatment ◽

Root Canal Treatment ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Spss Software ◽

Dental Professionals ◽

Instrument Separation

Aim. During endodontic treatment, dentists may face various unwanted procedural accidents, at any stage of the treatment that might compromise endodontic treatment outcome and bring obstacles to dentists as well. This study aimed to address and analyze several ethical concerns relating to the behavioural conduct of dentists towards endodontic instrument separation as well as perforation of the crown and/or root during root canal treatment in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Method. Hundred and eleven questionnaires were distributed among dentists working in Riyadh in university clinics and government and private sectors. Data were collected, reviewed, and statistically analyzed by Fisher’s exact and chi-square tests at a 5% significance level, using SPSS software. Results. 54.5% of the respondents have encountered instrument separation. 53.2% stated that they would inform the patient about the instrument separation. 43.6% of the respondents had experienced perforation during root canal treatment, and 54.9% reported that they would inform the patient of the accident. Conclusion. Within the limitation of this survey, we concluded that most of the dental professionals did not hesitate to adhere to the correct ethical conduct, and they would inform the patient if an incident occurred.

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Relación entre conducta prosocial, resolución de problemas y consumo de drogas en adolescentes

Anales de Psicología ◽

10.6018/analesps.32.2.204941 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 609 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Olga Hernández-Serrano ◽

José P. Espada ◽

Alejandro Guillén-Riquelme

Keyword(s):

Problem Solving ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Prosocial Behaviour ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Problem Solving Skills ◽

Problem Solving Strategies ◽

And Gender ◽

Prosocial Behaviours ◽

Age Range

The objectives of the present study are the following ones: 1) to study the use of drugs, the prosocial behaviour and the problem-solving skills with respect to age and gender, and 2) to analyze the association of both the prosocial behaviour and the problem-solving skills with the use of drugs. An exploratory cross-sectional study was performed, amongst a sample of 567 students in Spanish Compulsory Secondary Education (48.14% males) with an age range from 14 to 17 years (M = 14.92; SD = 0.90). Statistically significant differences were found concerning alcohol use and the prosocial behaviour with respect to gender, as well as concerning alcohol and cannabis use with respect to age. Logistic regression analyses revealed statistical significance of the prosocial behaviour with respect to the use of alcohol and cannabis. The ability in problem-solving was the most important protective predictor with respect to the abuse of cannabis. The results from this study enhance the importance of tailored interventions based on the promotion of prosocial behaviours and/or problem-solving strategies as fundamental protective factors for substance use amongst adolescents.

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The ability of Reciproc instruments to reach full working length without glide path preparation: a clinical retrospective study

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.3583 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. e3583 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Andreas Bartols ◽

Bernt-Peter Robra ◽

Winfried Walther

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Root Canal ◽

Primary Root ◽

Primary Treatment ◽

Endodontic Treatment ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽

Root Canals ◽

Maxillary Molars ◽

Glide Path ◽

Working Length

Background Reciproc instruments are the only contemporary root canal instruments where glide path preparation is no longer strictly demanded by the manufacturer. As the complete preparation of root canals is associated with success in endodontic treatment we wanted to assess the ability and find predictors for Reciproc instruments to reach full working length (RFWL) in root canals of maxillary molars in primary root canal treatment (1°RCTx) and retreatment (2°RCTx) cases. Methods This retrospective study evaluated 255 endodontic treatment cases of maxillary molars. 180 were 1°RCTx and 75 2°RCTx. All root canals were prepared with Reciproc instruments. The groups were compared and in a binary logistic regression model predictors for RFWL were evaluated. Results A total of 926 root canals were treated with Reciproc without glide path preparation. This was possible in 885 canals (95.6%). In 1°RCTx cases 625 of 649 (96.3%) canals were RFWL and in 2°RCTx cases 260 of 277 (93.9%). In second and third mesiobuccal canals (MB2/3) 90 out of 101 (89.1%) were RFWL with Reciproc in 1°RCTx and in the 2°RCTx treatment group 49 out of 51 cases (96.1%). In mesio-buccal (MB1) canals “2°RCTx” was identified as negative predictor for RFWL (OR 0.24 (CI [0.08–0.77])). In MB2/3 canals full working length was reached less often (OR 0.04 (CI [0.01–0.31])) if the tooth was constricted and more often if MB2/3 and MB1 canals were convergent (OR 4.60 (CI [1.07–19.61])). Discussion Using Reciproc instruments, the vast majority of root canals in primary treatment and retreatment cases can be prepared without glide path preparation.

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Knowledge and Practices Assessment of Decontamination during Root Canal Treatment in Saudi Arabia

International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science ◽

10.23958/ijirms/vol06-i01/1040 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (01) ◽

pp. 25-29

Author(s):

Necdet Adanir ◽

Hassan Alkhalaf ◽

Maram H. Alanazi ◽

Asma S. Alghamdi ◽

Abdullah A. Aljami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Root Canal Treatment ◽

Canal System ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rubber Dam ◽

Infected Root ◽

Treatment Data ◽

Root Canal System ◽

Partial Isolation

Introduction: Bacteria play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of pulpal and periradicular pathoses. For example: Apical periodontitis is an inflammation of dental periapical tissues developed as a response to colonization of microorganisms in root canal system. The elimination of microbial species from the infected root canal system necessitates a strict aseptic condition for Instrumentation, disinfection and inter appointment medication. Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans had been commonly associated organisms in treatment-resistant infections. Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study based on web-survey questionnaires developed by the authors with high confidence. The sample size was 304 estimated using the Qualtrics calculator with a confidence level of 95% and a margin of error of 5%. The questionnaire is divided into sections, regarding endodontic practice include endodontic education , years of experience , used of rubber dam or no and how to used irrigant solution whoever Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), Chlorhexidine, chelating agents (EDTA) or (MTAD) and reasons of every irrigant that prevents during root canal treatment. Data were collected using Google forms and prepared for analysis using Microsoft Excel. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software. Results: A total of 304 participants responded, 44.1% dental interns, 39.5% General Dentist, 9.9% Endodontist, 6.3% other dental specialty. the Probable reasons that prevent them using rubber dam during root canal treatment are: 5.9% due to difficulty to apply, 9.2% due to lack of materials, 5.3% because it is a time-consuming, 1.6% said that other isolation methods are enough (partial isolation), 3.9% because of multiple reason combined together. 48.7% they always use rubber dam, so they did not choose any of the previous reasons. Conclusion: In conclusion, we identify and understand, most of the participants “always using rubber dam” during root canal treatment and the most common reasons was time consumption that prevented dentist from using rubber. In this study majority of participants preferred NaOCl 81.9% and 7.1% don’t use it.

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Association between dental anxiety and intraoperative pain during root canal treatment: a cross‐sectional study

International Endodontic Journal ◽

10.1111/iej.13245 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 447-454 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. Murillo‐Benítez ◽

J. Martín‐González ◽

M. C. Jiménez‐Sánchez ◽

D. Cabanillas‐Balsera ◽

E. Velasco‐Ortega ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Dental Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Root Canal Treatment ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Intraoperative Pain

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Visible Portion of Anterior Teeth at Rest and Analysis of Different Smile Characteristics in the Saudi Population of the Jeddah Region

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2020/8859376 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Mohamed Abdelmageed Awad ◽

Doaa Saleh Alghamdi ◽

Aljawharah Talal Alghamdi

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Saudi Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Crown Length ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Dental Hospital ◽

Mandibular Teeth ◽

And Gender ◽

Age Range

This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the degree of visibility of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth at rest in different age groups and to evaluate the smile line, smile arc, and number of maxillary teeth displayed during smiling among the Saudi population visiting King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A total of 157 participants (77 males and 80 females) were included in this study with an age range of 19 to 69 years. All participants had maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth without restorations. Crown length and visible portions of anterior teeth at rest were measured using a Fowler Electronic Digital Caliper. Three measurements of each variable were recorded by two independent dental interns and calibrating their measurements was performed. Smile line, smile arc, and number of teeth displayed during smiling were examined. The collected data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software. It was found that the average clinical crown lengths in the maxillary lateral incisor, mandibular central incisor, and canine were significantly higher in males than females. At rest position, females displayed more maxillary central and lateral incisors. The displayed length of maxillary teeth at rest is inversely proportional to increasing age; the reverse occurs in mandibular teeth. The common visibility of maxillary teeth during smiling was from the second bicuspid to its counterpart. Average smile line and consonant smile arc were the most common characteristics. It was concluded that both age and gender affect the characteristics of tooth display at rest and in smiling. These effects should be considered during treatment planning and restoration of anterior teeth to obtain a more predictable esthetic outcome.

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Prevalence of Different Types of Apical Root Canal Morphology and their Treatment Recommendations in an Institute

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.3528 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 56 (210) ◽

pp. 616-620 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sushmita Shrestha ◽

Smriti Karki ◽

Navin Agrawal ◽

Mannu Vikram ◽

Vimmi Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Root Canals ◽

Rotary Instruments ◽

Root Canal Morphology ◽

Different Shapes ◽

Diamond Disc

Introduction: Canals can be of different shapes in cross section including round canals, oval canals, long oval canals or ribbon shaped canals. Recesses of nonround canals may not be included in the round preparation created by rotary instruments and thus they remain unprepared. The aim of this study included determination of shape and taper of the apical root canal based on diameter at different levels. Methods: This was a cross sectional study which used convenient sampling technique to determine the sample size. Seventy extracted teeth were sectioned horizontally at one, two and three millimeter from the apex using the diamond disc which was observed under trinocular research microscope for the determination of diameter of root canal under 10x magnification. Results: The most common canal configuration was oval. The taper of the canals was 25% in mesial root and 20% in distal in bucco-lingual orientation and 14% in mesial root and 15% in distal in mesio-distal orientation. Conclusions: The most prevalent canal configuration in this study was non round, however, most of the rotary instruments tend to prepare root canals into round shape making their use questionable. The taper of the root canals was found to be higher in our study than what most of the shaping instruments have to offer. So it would be advisable to consider this fact while selecting instruments and preparing these non-round canals as far as the Nepalese subpopulation is considered.

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FREQUENT PROCEDURAL ERRORS AND STRUCTURAL COMPLICATIONS ON ENDODONTICAL TREATED TEETH

Romanian Journal of Stomatology ◽

10.37897/rjs.2021.2.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

pp. 101-106

Author(s):

Sanziana Adina Scarlatescu ◽

◽

Irina Gheorghiu ◽

George Nicola ◽

Andrei O. Al Aloul ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Technological Progress ◽

Endodontic Treatment ◽

Root Canal Treatment ◽

Canal System ◽

Root Canals ◽

Hard Tissues ◽

Root Canal System

The objectives of root canal treatment are to prevent the apical parodontitis, to heal the acute or cronic apical periodontits and to maintain the results, keeping the teeth on the arch in a functional stage. Thus, accuratelly elimination of soft and hard tissues (cleaning and shaping of the root canal system), disinfection and complete, homogeneous and tridimensional filling of the root canal system are very important to successful endodontic treatment. Modern concepts in endodontic treatment rely on technological progress and therefore many cases are successfully fulfilled, but the practitioner may be put in front of procedural erorrs both during and after endodontic treatment. Apical blockage, ledging, zipping, stripping, perforations in the floor of the pulp canal chamber or root canals perforations are the most common errors, but in many clinical situations they can be prevented and even surpassed once happened.

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