Knowledge and Attitudes of Students of Faculty of Medicine, YARSI University Towards Hepatitis B Vaccine from the Medical Perspective and Islamic Point of View

Background: Hepatitis B is a major cause of morbidity and death, and is still a health problem for many people in the world. Indonesia is one of the countries that has a medium hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence, which is between 3.0% -18.5%. The main content of a vaccine is a virus or bacteria. In addition to active ingredients, there are adjuvants in the vaccine ingredients. The combination of the main active ingredients (antigens) and adjuvants is more effective than using an antigen vaccine only. In Islam, the vaccination includes preventive treatment measures (wiqayah), therefore the vaccines are subject to legal treatment, with various opinions from halal (permissible) to forbidden. This study aimed to find out the knowledge and attitudes of students of faculty of medicine, YARSI University towards Hepatitis B vaccines viewed from the medical and Islamic perspective. Method: The study used cross sectional research design. The participants of this study were active students of Faculty of Medicine, YARSI University year 2015 by using questionnaire. The total number of students of class 2015 was 250 people. The number of students who met the inclusion criteria was 224 students. Error margin was 5% with a minimum sample estimate of 144 people. Result: As many as 24% of the students was aware that hepatitis B vaccine contains aluminum, formaldehyde. Meanwhile, 72% of the knew that aluminum side effects causes CNS damage. The percentage of students who knew that rejecting the vaccination can be penalized was 27%. While 69% of the students knew that the provision of vaccine does not require informed consent. About 79% of the students understood that technique treatment from prophet era as an alternative to increase immunity in children. Regarding the attitudes towards vaccine programs promoted by the government, 31.2% of the students disagreed. While 33.1% of the students agreed with the provision of vaccines. The majority of the students (70.8%) agreed with obtaining informed consent before the vaccination. Moreover, 58% of the students Were doubtful about education before giving the vaccine. While 58% of the students disagreed that the technique method can be an alternative to substitute vaccines. Conclusion: Although there was a lack of students’ knowldge about aluminum content, Thimerosal and formaldehyde in vaccines, the students know that long term use of Hepatitis B Vaccine which contain Aluminum, Thimerosal and Formaldehyde can cause damage to the central nervous system. Regarding the students’ attitude towards Hepatitis B immunization, the students agree with the immunization program promoted by the government but they agree that informed consent should be taken and do not know about the sanction if they block or reject the immunization program by the government.

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Duration of Response to Intramuscular Versus Low Dose Intradermal Hepatitis B Booster Immunization

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1086/646329 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 226-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

W. Paul McKinney ◽

Susan K. Russler ◽

Mary M. Horowitz ◽

Richard J. Battiola ◽

Martha Bi-Fong Lee

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Booster Immunization ◽

Booster Vaccine ◽

Metropolitan County ◽

Duration Of Response ◽

Group 2

AbstractObjective:To determine the duration of the immune response to plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine among healthcare workers responding to booster doses of intradermal (ID) or intramuscular (IM) vaccine in 1986 and those with protective levels of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) in 1986 without booster vaccine. Both groups received a primary hepatitis B vaccine series 24 to 36 months earlier.Design:Cross-sectional follow-up study two years later of an inception cohort defined in 1986.Setting:An academically affiliated metropolitan county hospital.Participants:Group 1: Hospital employees responding to booster doses of hepatitis B vaccine given ID or IM in 1986 due to low anti-HBs levels. Forty-one (82%) of 50 eligible persons were evaluated. Group 2: Persons not receiving booster vaccine in 1986 due to protective levels of anti-HBs. A random sample of 95 persons was drawn from a pool of 152 participants with protective levels in 1986. sixty-five (68%) of 95 contacted persons were restudied.Results:In 1988, 14 (64%) of 22 previous ID responders had anti-HBs levels ≥ 10 milli-international units (mIU)/mL, compared with 17 (89%) of 19 IM responders (p= .055). The 1988 geometric mean titer of IM recipients was 66.4 ±4.5 mIU/mL and of ID recipients was 20.7 ±7.4 (p= .04). None of 65 Group 2 subjects' anti-HBs titers dropped below 10 mIU/mL by 1988.Conclusions:plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine recipients with anti-HBs levels ≥ 10 mIU/mL at 24 to 36 months after primary immunization are likely to maintain these levels two years later. The diminished durability of the antibody response together with the increased rate of local side effects associated with the ID injection route may limit its applicability as an alternative to using IM booster doses of hepatitis B vaccine.

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PRE-OPERATIVE SURGICAL PATIENTS;

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.08.1001 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (08) ◽

pp. 1120-1125

Author(s):

Muhammad Umer ◽

Ferhat Abbas ◽

Muhammad Shafee ◽

Abdul Rauf ◽

Najeebullah - ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Population ◽

Surgical Department ◽

Knowledge And Attitudes ◽

Hbs Ag ◽

Demographical Data ◽

Device Test

Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate sero-prevalence of HBs Ag(Hepatitis-B surface antigen), its knowledge and attitudes in preoperative general surgerypatients in Quetta, Pakistan. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Place and Duration ofStudy: This study was carried out (April - September, 2016) and was screened in BalochistanLab Brewery Road, Quetta. Methodology: 1000 preoperative patients from four ethnic groupspredominantly present in surgical department of multiple hospitals of Quetta. Serum wassubjected to chromatography immunoassay (ICT) and samples were reconfirmed throughEnzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Demographical data, knowledge and attitudes werealso collected using valid predesigned questionnaire. Results : Overall, prevalence 7.0% wereobserved with highest in Baloch population, 10.3 %, followed by Hazara community, 8.0 %,While Pashtoon were with 5.7 % and Panjabi population with 2.3 %. Statistically non-significantdifference was observed in males and female population (P < 0.05). 03 of the patients werefalse negative with ICT when reconfirmed by ELISA. Overall, population show poor knowledgeand attitudes in preoperative surgery patients toward Hepatitis B infection. Conclusion: TheHBs Ag determination using rapid Immunochromatography device test should only be used formass scale screening and results may be verified with ELISA to eliminate the chances of falsenegative cases.

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Cross-sectional association between long working hours and liver function: the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041595 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. e041595

Author(s):

Eunchan Mun ◽

Woncheol Lee ◽

Min-Woo Nam ◽

Hyun-Il Kim ◽

Hyeongcheol Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Liver Function ◽

South Korea ◽

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽

Working Hours ◽

Health Study ◽

Health Examination ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Long Working Hours

ObjectivesAlthough the effects of long working hours on liver function remain unclear, in South Korea, there is a social perception that long working hours are associated with poor liver function. Thus, long working hours have recently become a major issue. This study aimed to determine the association between long working hours and liver function, as indicated by the alanine transaminase (ALT) levels.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingLarge university hospitals in Seoul and Suwon, South Korea.ParticipantsWorkers in formal employment who underwent a comprehensive health examination at the Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Total Healthcare Centre clinics in Seoul and Suwon, South Korea, between January 2011 and December 2018. Of the 386 488 participants, 212 421 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis.Primary outcome measureALT elevation.ResultsThe participants were predominantly well-educated (86.1%), male (69.3%) and in their 30s (49.6%). In total, 13.4% of the participants presented ALT elevation (>40 IU/L). There was no significant association between working hours and ALT elevation in the general population and in the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative group. Conversely, in the HBsAg-positive group, working >60 hours per week compared with 35–40 hours per week was significantly associated with ALT elevation. The association was more pronounced in those with ALT levels >80 IU/L (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.24 to 3.01) than in those with ALT levels >40 IU/L (OR: 1.45, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.75). The p values for trend were <0.05.ConclusionsLong working hours were associated with ALT elevation only in hepatitis B virus carriers and not in the general population. Provided that there is adherence to the legal working hours, there is no need to further restrict working hours for liver health, irrespective of HBsAg status.

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The Impact of Universal Infant Hepatitis B Immunization on Reducing the Hepatitis B Carrier Rate in Pregnant Women

The Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/infdis/jiy706 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 220 (7) ◽

pp. 1118-1126 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Wei-Ju Su ◽

Shu-Fong Chen ◽

Chin-Hui Yang ◽

Pei-Hung Chuang ◽

Hsiu-Fang Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Screening Program ◽

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽

Carrier Rate ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hbv Vaccine ◽

Hbv Vaccination ◽

The Impact ◽

Universal Infant

Abstract Background The hepatitis B virus (HBV) status of pregnant women affects HBV vaccine failure in their offspring. This study is aimed to investigate the impact of the universal infant HBV vaccination program on the long-term hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) rate in pregnant women. Methods Using the National Immunization Information System, we examined a 32-year period of cross-sectional data on a maternal HBsAg and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) screening program launched in July 1984. An age-period-cohort model analysis of 940 180 pregnant women screened for July 1996–June 1997 and the years 2001, 2006, 2011, and 2016 was applied. Results The annual HBsAg- and HBeAg-seropositive rates decreased from 13.4% and 6.4%, respectively, for the period 1984–1985 to 5.9% and 1.0% in 2016 (P for both trends < .0001). Pregnant women with birth years after July 1986 (the HBV vaccination cohort) had the lowest relative risk (0.27 [95% confidence interval, .26–.28]) of HBsAg positivity compared with birth years before June 1984. Conclusions The birth cohort effect in relation to the universal infant HBV immunization program has effectively reduced the HBV carrier rate in pregnant women and the burden of perinatal HBV infection on the next generation.

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HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN PERSEPSI IBU DENGAN STATUS IMUNISASI DASAR DI WONOKUSUMO

Jurnal PROMKES ◽

10.20473/jpk.v7.i1.2019.67-77 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 67

Author(s):

Tri Anisca Dillyana

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Primary Data ◽

Immunization Program ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Urban Village ◽

Immunization Status ◽

To Receive

Background: Basic immunization is the first immunization that should be given to everyone, especially infants and children from birth to protect lifes from dangerous diseases. The immunization program in Indonesia requires every infant (0-11 months) to receive complete basic immunization consist of 1 dose of Hepatitis B, 1 dose of BCG, 3 doses of DPT-HB-Hib, 4 doses of polio, and 1 dose of measles. Basic Immunization in RW 8 Wonokusumo Urban Village in 2017 has not reached the target. Only 73 infants (67%) of 108 have received complete basic immunization which the target of Puskesmas is 95%. This study aims to know the correlation of knowledge, attitude and mother perception with the basic immunization status in Wonokusumo. This study is an observational analytic research with quantitative approach. The study was cross sectional with a sample of 39 respondents. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. Respondents in this study are mothers who have children under three and have KMS in RW 8 Wonokusumo Urban Village. Primary data collection techniques obtained from questionnaires while secondary data obtained from Wonokusumo Puskesmas and Surabaya City Health Office reports .The result of bivariate statistic test shows that there is correlation between knowledge, attitude, and mother perception with the immunization status of children under three with p = 0,001 (p < 0,05). Conclusion: There is correlation between knowledge, attitude, and mother perception with the basic immunization status in RW 8, Wonokusumo Village.

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Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu Postpartum terhadap Program Keluarga Berencana di RSUD Dr. Sam Ratulangi Tondano

e-CliniC ◽

10.35790/ecl.v8i1.28688 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Andrie E. Lukas ◽

Suzanna P. Mongan ◽

Freddy W. Wagey

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Family Planning Program ◽

Good Knowledge ◽

Planning Program ◽

Design Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Knowledge And Attitudes ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

The Government ◽

Postpartum Mothers

Abstract: Family planning program is a program of the government of the Republic of Indonesia that aims to achieve a healthy and prosperous family by limiting births. Tondano is the center of Minahasa district and has four sub-districts and population of 70,467 people with a female number of 34,800. Data on women using family planning showed a number of 25,749 people which indicates a large and growing population. This study was aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge and attitudes of mothers towards the family planning program. This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Data were obtained by using questionnaire as the instrument. Respondents were 50 postpartum mothers who came to Dr. Sam Ratulangi Hospital Tondano and were willing to fill in the distributed questionnaires. The results showed that 92% of responsdents had good knowledge and 8% had poor knowledge. Meanwhile, based on the attitudes of respondents, 70% of them were positive and 30% were negative. In conclusion, family planning services based on the level of knowledge and attitudes of postpartum mothers at Dr. Sam Ratulangi Hospital Tondano were good or above average. Albeit, postpartum mothers who had good knowledge may not necessarily had good attitudes.Keywords: family planning, contraception, knowledge, attitude Abstrak: Program Keluarga Berencana (KB) bertujuan untuk membentuk gerakan keluarga sehat dan sejahtera dengan cara membatasi kelahiran. Tondano merupakan pusat dari Kabupaten Minahasa dan memiliki empat kecamatan dengan populasi sebesar 70.467 jiwa dan jumlah perempuan sebesar 34.800 jiwa. Data perempuan yang memakai KB ialah 25.749 jiwa. Data tersebut menunjukkan jumlah penduduk yang banyak dan terus bertambah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap ibu postpartum terhadap program KB di RSUD Dr. Sam Ratulangi Tondano. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner sebagai instrumen penelitian. Responden penelitian ialah ibu postpartum yang datang di RSUD Dr. Sam Ratulangi Tondano dan bersedia mengisi kuesioner yang dibagikan. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan total 50 responden. Sebanyak 92% ibu memiliki pengetahuan baik dan 8% memiliki pengetahuan kurang baik. Untuk pengukuran sikap dari responden, sebanyak 70% wanita bersikap positif dan 30% yang bersikap negatif. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah bahwa pelayanan KB berdasarkan tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap ibu di RSUD Dr. Sam Ratulangi Tondano sudah baik atau di atas rata-rata. Walaupun demikian ibu yang memiliki pengetahuan baik belum tentu memiliki sikap yang baik.Kata kunci: keluarga berencana, kontrasepsi, pengetahuan, sikap

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Analysis of Community’s Knowledge of Hepatitis A Disease and Vaccines in Indonesia

Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) ◽

10.22487/j24428744..v.i.15028 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Dwi Endarti ◽

Irfan Ahmad ◽

Tri Murti Andayani

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis A ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Viral Disease ◽

National Immunization Program ◽

Immunization Program ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

National Immunization ◽

The Mean ◽

The Government ◽

Central Sulawesi

Hepatitis A is a viral disease with a high potential for morbidity and mortality which is also the second highest incidence in Indonesia after hepatitis B. The purpose of this research is to measure knowledge of Indonesian community about hepatitis A disease and vaccine and to analyze the factors related to knowledge. This study used an observational survey research design applying a cross-sectional multi-center approach. The number of sample was 500 respondents located in 5 provinces in Indonesia, namely DIY, Lampung, West Java, North Kalimantan, and Central Sulawesi. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire that was modified from the questionnaire in a similar study before. The results showed that the mean of knowledge score obtained was 75.2% ± 12.2% with a median of 76.9%. There are 2 items of knowledge that were lack understood by respondents, namely treatment of hepatitis A that cannot be treated with antibiotics and immunizations and hepatitis A is not included yet in the national immunization program in Indonesia. Statistical analysis using Mann-Whitney test showed that there were significant differences score of knowledge between groups on the characteristics of the number of dependents (p=0,000), experience of hearing a disease (p=0,000), experience of hearing a vaccine (p=0,000) and the experience of the child being vaccinated (p=0,000). It is recommended that the government conducts education programs for the community of Indonesia to improve knowledge related to hepatitis A diseases and the benefits of using hepatitis Avaccine.

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Analisis Tingkat Pengetahuan Masyarakat Terhadap Penyakit dan Vaksin Hepatitis A di Indonesia

Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) ◽

10.22487/j24428744.2020.v6.i2.15028 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Irfan Ahmad ◽

Dwi Endarti ◽

Tri Murti Andayani

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis A ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Viral Disease ◽

Public Knowledge ◽

Immunization Program ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

National Immunization ◽

The Mean ◽

The Government ◽

Central Sulawesi

Hepatitis A is a viral disease with a high potential for morbidity and mortality. It is also the second highest viral disease in Indonesia after hepatitis B. Community’s knowledge regarding Hepatitis A disease dan vaccine is required to support such program for eradication of Hepatitis A. The aims of this study was to measure the knowledge of Indonesian community about hepatitis A disease and its vaccine indicated from knowledge score of correct answer towards questionnaire, as well as to analyze the factors that can influence it indicated from difference of mean of knowledge scores among groups of respondents characteristics. This study used an observational survey research design applying a cross-sectional multi-center approach. The number of sample was 500 respondents located in 5 provinces in Indonesia, namely DIY, Lampung, West Java, Central Kalimantan, and Central Sulawesi. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire that was modified from the questionnaire in a similar previous study. The results showed that public knowledge related to diseases and hepatitis A vaccine in Indonesia was considered sufficient with the mean score obtained was 75.2% ± 12.2%. Statistical analysis using Mann-Whitney test showed that there were significant differences in score of knowledge between groups on the characteristics of experience of hearing a disease (p=0,000), experience of hearing a vaccine (p=0,000) and the experience of the child being vaccinated (p=0,000). There are 2 items of knowledge that werelack understood by respondents, namely treatment of hepatitis A that cannot be treated with antibiotics and immunizations and hepatitis A is not included yet in the national immunization program in Indonesia. It is concluded that community knowledge regarding hepatitis A disease and vaccine was fair (mean knowledge score between 65 – 80%). However, the government still needs to conduct educational programs for the Indonesian community about disease prevention through the vaccination process and provide counseling about the types of vaccines that are not included in the national health insurance program in Indonesia.

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Seroprevalence and Knowledge of Viral Hepatitis and HIV Among People Who Use Drugs Attending Methadone Therapy Clinic in Tanzania: A Cross-sectional Study.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-116781/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Semvua Kilonzo ◽

Daniel W. Gunda ◽

David C. Majinge ◽

Hyasinta Jaka ◽

Paulina M. Manyiri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽

People Who Use Drugs ◽

Infection Rates ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

B Virus

Abstract Background: Methadone therapy clinics have been recently introduced in Tanzania, aiming at reducing risk behaviors and infection rates of viral hepatitis and HIV among people who use drugs. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence, associated factors and knowledge level of these conditions among people who use drugs attending a methadone clinic in Tanzania.Methods: We enrolled 253 People who using drugs receiving Methadone therapy. Clinical data was retrospectively collected from the medical records and face-to face interviews were conducted to determine the behavioral risk factors and respondents’ knowledge on viral hepatitis and HIV.Results: An overall seroprevalence of viral hepatitis (either hepatitis B surface antigen or anti-hepatitis C virus) was 6.3%, while that of hepatitis B virus mono infection was 3.5% and anti-hepatitis C virus mono infection was 3.5%. Seroprevalence of HIV was 12.6%. Viral hepatitis was strongly predicted by advanced age (>35 years) (p=0.02) and staying at Kirumba area (p=0.004), and HIV infection was predicted by increased age (>37 years) (p=0.04) and female sex (p<0.001). Regarding the knowledge of viral hepatitis, majority of the respondents were unaware of the transmission methods and availability of hepatitis B virus vaccines and only 17% were classified as well informed (provided ≥ 4 correct answers out of 7 questions). Good knowledge was highly predicted by higher education level of the individual (p=0.001).Conclusions: Despite the efforts to curb viral hepatitis and HIV infections through Methadone clinics, infection rates among people who use drugs are still high and the general knowledge on preventive measures is inadequate.

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