scholarly journals Effect of Oxidative Stress and Fatty Acids Disbalance on the Development of Apoptosis in the Placenta with Cytomegalovirus Infection in the First Trimester

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
N. A. Ishutina ◽  
I. A. Andrievskaya ◽  
I. V. Dovzhikova ◽  
N. N. Dorofienko ◽  
N. N. Gorikov
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Trophoblast Cells

Background. Reactivation of cytomegalovirus infection (CMV) during pregnancy is associated with manifestation of oxidative stress, both in the maternal peripheral blood and in the placental tissues. One of the effects of oxidative stress is a disturbance of the metabolism of fatty acids, which leads to the initiation of the apoptotic cascade, the death of trophoblast cells and, as a result, tissue or organ dysfunction, promoting to the development of a pathological condition. However, an analysis of the current literature indicates insufficient information on this problem in the villous chorion of the placenta in CMV infection.Aims. To study the relationship between the oxidative stress development and fatty acid imbalance in apoptosis of trophoblast cells during reactivation of CMV in the first trimester.Material and methods. We examined peripheral blood, urine, a homogenate of the villous chorions from 35 pregnant women with CMV reactivation within 9–11 weeks of pregnancy and from 30 pregnant women without CMV of the same gestation period. We studied levels of IgM and IgG for cytomegalovirus, low-avid IgG antibodies to cytomegalovirus (avidity index), phospholipase A2 content, fatty acid content, number of apoptotic trophoblast cells, fatty acid peroxide content and catalase activity. Sampling and analysis of material from pregnant women was conducted in 2016–2018.Results. The reactivation of CMV in the first trimester of pregnancy led to an increase content in the phospholipase A2 in villous chorion by 2.5 times, by 1.5 times of fatty acid peroxides, 1.5 times arachidonic acid, palmitic acid by 1.3 times, number of trophoblast cells in a state of apoptosis by 4.7 times and decrease catalase activity by 1.44 times.Conclusion. As a result of the study, cytomegalovirus-dependent induction of oxidative stress and imbalance of fatty acids triggering apoptosis of trophoblast cells was identified. Increased apoptosis initiates inflammation and destructive processes in the early placenta.

scholarly journals Changes in fatty acid levels (saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated) during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Estefania Aparicio ◽  
Carla Martín-Grau ◽  
Carmen Hernández-Martinez ◽  
Nuria Voltas ◽  
Josefa Canals ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Total N

Abstract Background During pregnancy a high amount of fatty acids (FA) is necessary to meet foetus demands, which vary during gestation. The present study describes the changes in maternal fatty acid concentrations during pregnancy in a sample of pregnant women. Methods This is a longitudinal study of 479 pregnant women who were monitored from the first trimester to third trimester of pregnancy. Data on maternal characteristics were recorded and a serum sample was collected in each trimester. The fatty acid profile (saturated (SFA: total, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid), monounsaturated (MUFA: total, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA: total omega-6 (n-6), linoleic acid, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid (AA), total omega-3 (n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) was analysed with a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combination. Results From the first trimester to third trimester of pregnancy, a significant increase in total SFA, total MUFA and total n-6 PUFA was found. (p < 0.001). Nevertheless, the serum concentration of arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and total n-3 PUFA decreased during gestation (p < 0.001). A statistically non-significant result was observed for the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) serum concentration between the first and third trimesters of pregnancy. Significant correlations were observed between each total fatty acid concentrations of the first and third trimesters. Conclusion The circulating serum concentration of SFA, MUFA and n-6 PUFA increases during pregnancy, whereas essential fatty acids such as AA and EPA decrease, and DHA remains unchanged. Further research is necessary to understand the role played by FA throughout gestation.

MYRISTIC, PALMITIC AND STEARIC FATTY ACIDS IN THE PERIPHERAL BLOOD OF PREGNANT WOMEN WITH CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (63) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Ишутина ◽  
Nataliya Ishutina ◽  
Луценко ◽  
Mikhail Lutsenko ◽  
Дорофиенко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection

scholarly journals Changes in the blood fatty-acid profile associated with oxidative-antioxidant disturbances in coronary atherosclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliya I. Ragino ◽  
Viktoriya S. Shramko ◽  
Ekaterina M. Stakhneva ◽  
Elena I. Chernyak ◽  
Sergey V. Morozov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography

SummaryBackgroundThe objective of this work was to study the profile of fatty acids and to search for associations of fatty acids with oxidative-antioxidant parameters and an oxidative-inflammatory biomarker (lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2) in men with coronary atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.MethodsAnalysis of 20 fatty acids was performed in 60 men with angiographically confirmed coronary atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease and in a control group of men without coronary heart disease. Serum fatty-acid content was evaluated by high-performance gas-liquid chromatography. The blood levels of oxidative stress, total antioxidative defence, and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase 2 were analyzed.ResultsIn the group of men with coronary atherosclerosis the levels of myristic and palmitic fatty acids were higher by 59% and 22%, respectively. An increase in the weight percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids was noted, such as palmitoleic, oleic, and octadecenic. Significantly lower levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as linolic, eicosadienoic, eicosatrienoic, arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, γ-linolenic, docosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic were detected in the group with coronary atherosclerosis. The lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 level was higher by 48%. Oxidative stress was higher by 17%, and the total antioxidant defence in serum was lower by 45%. We found correlations between fatty acids and oxidative-antioxidative alterations. The relative risk of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques correlated with increased levels of palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linolic fatty acids.ConclusionsSignificant alterations in the profile of fatty acids are associated with oxidative-antioxidative alterations and are accompanied by an increase in free-radical formation, which can probably serve as a risk factor of atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Maternal Factors Associated with Levels of Fatty Acids, Specifically n-3 PUFA during Pregnancy: ECLIPSES Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Estefania Aparicio ◽  
Carla Martín-Grau ◽  
Cristina Bedmar ◽  
Núria Serrat Orus ◽  
Josep Basora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Older Age ◽  
High Educational Level ◽  
Seafood Consumption ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Educational

An optimal fatty acid (FA) profile during pregnancy, especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), is essential for the health of the mother and child. Our aim was to identify the socioeconomic and maternal lifestyle factors associated with serum FA concentration in pregnant women. A longitudinal study was conducted on 479 pregnant women, who were assessed during the first (T1) and third (T3) trimesters of pregnancy. Data on maternal characteristics, food consumption, and lifestyle were collected. Serum FA concentrations were analysed by a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry combination. The multiple linear regression showed that high educational level and older age were significantly associated with higher EPA and DHA concentrations and lower values of n-6/n-3 and arachidonic acid (AA)/EPA in T1 and/or T3. Regarding diet—fish and seafood consumption increased EPA concentration and reduced n-6/n-3 and AA/EPA values in both trimesters, whereas its consumption increased DHA concentration only in T1. Smoking was associated with lower DHA concentration in T1 and higher values of n-6/n-3 ratio in both trimester. Overweight and obesity were associated with higher values of n-6/n-3 ratio and AA/EPA ratio in T1. A statistically non-significant association was observed with saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). In conclusion, high educational levels, older age, fish, seafood consumption, and/or non-smoking, are factors that influence better omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) profile in both trimesters of pregnancy. Further research is needed to go in-depth into these findings and their health consequences.

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