The Impact of the Use of Computer-Assisted Audit Technique, Professional Ethics, and Motivation on Auditors’ Performance

Abstract The purpose of this opinion article is to review the impact of the principles and technology of speech science on clinical practice in the area of craniofacial disorders. Current practice relative to (a) speech aerodynamic assessment, (b) computer-assisted single-word speech intelligibility testing, and (c) behavioral management of hypernasal resonance are reviewed. Future directions and/or refinement of each area are also identified. It is suggested that both challenging and rewarding times are in store for clinical researchers in craniofacial disorders.

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Accuracy development in L2 writing: Exploring the potential of computer-assisted unfocused indirect corrective feedback in an online EFL course

ReCALL ◽

10.1017/s095834402100015x ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Cédric Brudermann ◽

Muriel Grosbois ◽

Cédric Sarré

Keyword(s):

Foreign Language ◽

Corrective Feedback ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Mathematics Students ◽

Language Teacher Education ◽

Writing Accuracy ◽

Data Yield ◽

And Mathematics ◽

The Impact ◽

Error Types

Abstract In a previous study (Sarré, Grosbois & Brudermann, 2019), we explored the effects of various corrective feedback (CF) strategies on interlanguage development for the online component of a blended English as a foreign language (EFL) course we had designed and implemented. Our results showed that unfocused indirect CF (feedback on all error types through the provision of metalinguistic comments on the nature of the errors made) combined with extra computer-mediated micro-tasks was the most efficient CF type to foster writing accuracy development in our context. Following up on this study, this paper further explores the effects of this specific CF type on learners’ written accuracy development in an online EFL course designed for freshmen STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) students. In the online course under study, this specific CF type was experimented with different cohorts of STEM learners (N = 1,150) over a five-year period (from 2014 to 2019) and was computer-assisted: CF provision online by a human tutor was combined with predetermined CF comments. The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of this specific CF strategy on error types. In this respect, the data yield encouraging results in terms of writing accuracy development when learners benefit from this computer-assisted specific CF. This study thus helps to gain a better understanding of the role that CF plays in shaping students’ revision processes and could inform language (teacher) education regarding the use of digital tools for the development of foreign language accuracy and the issues related to online CF provision.

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The Effect of Changes to Question Order on the Prevalence of ‘Sufficient’ Physical Activity in an Australian Population Survey

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.10.3.390 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 390-396

Author(s):

Christine Hanley ◽

Mitch J. Duncan ◽

W. Kerry Mummery

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Total Activity ◽

Order Effects ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Moderate Activity ◽

Question Order ◽

Recreational Walking ◽

Cati Survey ◽

The Impact

Background:Population surveys are frequently used to assess prevalence, correlates and health benefits of physical activity. However, nonsampling errors, such as question order effects, in surveys may lead to imprecision in self reported physical activity. This study examined the impact of modified question order in a commonly used physical activity questionnaire on the prevalence of sufficient physical activity.Methods:Data were obtained from a telephone survey of adults living in Queensland, Australia. A total of 1243 adults participated in the computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) survey conducted in July 2008 which included the Active Australia Questionnaire (AAQ) presented in traditional or modified order. Binary logistic regression analyses was used to examine relationships between question order and physical activity outcomes.Results:Significant relationships were found between question order and sufficient activity, recreational walking, moderate activity, vigorous activity, and total activity. Respondents who received the AAQ in modified order were more likely to be categorized as sufficiently active (OR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.01−1.60).Conclusions:This study highlights the importance of question order on estimates of self reported physical activity. This study has shown that changes in question order can lead to an increase in the proportion of participants classified as sufficiently active.

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Investigating the Impact of the Bit Depth of Fluorescence-Stained Images on the Performance of Deep Learning-Based Nuclei Instance Segmentation

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11060967 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 967

Author(s):

Amirreza Mahbod ◽

Gerald Schaefer ◽

Christine Löw ◽

Georg Dorffner ◽

Rupert Ecker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Deep Learning ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Important Criterion ◽

Histological Image ◽

Computer Mediated ◽

Image Patches ◽

Processing Techniques ◽

The Impact ◽

Instance Segmentation

Nuclei instance segmentation can be considered as a key point in the computer-mediated analysis of histological fluorescence-stained (FS) images. Many computer-assisted approaches have been proposed for this task, and among them, supervised deep learning (DL) methods deliver the best performances. An important criterion that can affect the DL-based nuclei instance segmentation performance of FS images is the utilised image bit depth, but to our knowledge, no study has been conducted so far to investigate this impact. In this work, we released a fully annotated FS histological image dataset of nuclei at different image magnifications and from five different mouse organs. Moreover, by different pre-processing techniques and using one of the state-of-the-art DL-based methods, we investigated the impact of image bit depth (i.e., eight bits vs. sixteen bits) on the nuclei instance segmentation performance. The results obtained from our dataset and another publicly available dataset showed very competitive nuclei instance segmentation performances for the models trained with 8 bit and 16 bit images. This suggested that processing 8 bit images is sufficient for nuclei instance segmentation of FS images in most cases. The dataset including the raw image patches, as well as the corresponding segmentation masks is publicly available in the published GitHub repository.

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The impact of external feedback on computer-assisted learning for surgical technical skill training

The American Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1016/s0002-9610(00)00341-x ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 179 (4) ◽

pp. 341-343 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

David A Rogers ◽

Glenn Regehr ◽

Thomas R Howdieshell ◽

Karen A Yeh ◽

Ellen Palm

Keyword(s):

Skill Training ◽

Technical Skill ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Computer Assisted Learning ◽

External Feedback ◽

Surgical Technical ◽

The Impact

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The Impact of Computer-Assisted Assessment on EFL Learners’ Writing Cohesion and Coherence

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3891998 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Dr. Seyed Omid Tabatabaei ◽

Zahra Farajnezhad

Keyword(s):

Computer Assisted ◽

Efl Learners ◽

The Impact

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The influence of aneurysm morphology on the volume of hemorrhage after rupture

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/2021.3.jns21293 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Pablo M. Munarriz ◽

Blanca Navarro-Main ◽

Jose F. Alén ◽

Luis Jiménez-Roldán ◽

Ana M. Castaño-Leon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Size Ratio ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Data Set ◽

Aneurysm Size ◽

Risk Of Rupture ◽

Morphological Variables ◽

Hemorrhage Volume ◽

The Impact

OBJECTIVE Factors determining the risk of rupture of intracranial aneurysms have been extensively studied; however, little attention is paid to variables influencing the volume of bleeding after rupture. In this study the authors aimed to evaluate the impact of aneurysm morphological variables on the amount of hemorrhage. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort analysis of a prospectively collected data set of 116 patients presenting at a single center with subarachnoid hemorrhage due to aneurysmal rupture. A volumetric assessment of the total hemorrhage volume was performed from the initial noncontrast CT. Aneurysms were segmented and reproduced from the initial CT angiography study, and morphology indexes were calculated with a computer-assisted approach. Clinical and demographic characteristics of the patients were included in the study. Factors influencing the volume of hemorrhage were explored with univariate correlations, multiple linear regression analysis, and graphical probabilistic modeling. RESULTS The univariate analysis demonstrated that several of the morphological variables but only the patient’s age from the clinical-demographic variables correlated (p < 0.05) with the volume of bleeding. Nine morphological variables correlated positively (absolute height, perpendicular height, maximum width, sac surface area, sac volume, size ratio, bottleneck factor, neck-to-vessel ratio, and width-to-vessel ratio) and two correlated negatively (parent vessel average diameter and the aneurysm angle). After multivariate analysis, only the aneurysm size ratio (p < 0.001) and the patient’s age (p = 0.023) remained statistically significant. The graphical probabilistic model confirmed the size ratio and the patient’s age as the variables most related to the total hemorrhage volume. CONCLUSIONS A greater aneurysm size ratio and an older patient age are likely to entail a greater volume of bleeding after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

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Impact of supplementing commercial rabbit pellets with fresh Moringa oleifera leaves on semen characteristics in rabbit bucks under tropical climate in Trinidad

Caribbean Medical Journal ◽

10.48107/cmj.2021.04.001 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Krishna Mohan Kumar

Keyword(s):

Sperm Motility ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Control Group ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽

The Impact

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the dietary supplement of Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) on semen quality and characteristics in rabbits. Methods Eighteen (n=18) breeding bucks of New Zealand white, of similar age group, were used for the study. Three feeding regimes, (i) 100% commercial rabbit pellets (CRP)-Group I (ii) 90% CRP + 10% fresh MOL on a dry matter (DM) basis – Group II and (iii) 80% CRP + 20% fresh MOL on a DM basis – Group III, were adopted and the trial continued for 21 days. After adaptation to the diet, semen was collected from each buck and subjected to evaluation using a computer-assisted semen analyser. Results In Group III, the sperm count, normal sperm morphology, and sperm motility increased (52.0%) in comparison with the control (Group I; 50.1%). The inclusion of 20% Moringa oliefera in the diet (Group III) caused a significant increase (P<0.05) in semen concentration (Control =136.2 M/mL; Group III=297.2 M/mL). There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in sperm motility and semen volume among the groups. Conclusion The results suggest that supplementing commercial rabbit pellets with 20% fresh Moringa oliefera leaves on a DM basis can improve the quality and characteristics of semen in breeding bucks.

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Experimental study of saturation by visible light transmission in dual-scale fibrous reinforcements during composite manufacturing

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites ◽

10.1177/0731684417725187 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 36 (23) ◽

pp. 1693-1711 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

F LeBel ◽

É Ruiz ◽

F Trochu

Keyword(s):

Visible Light ◽

Light Transmission ◽

Void Formation ◽

In Situ Monitoring ◽

Injection System ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Liquid Composite Molding ◽

Composite Molding ◽

The Impact ◽

Dual Scale

A new in situ monitoring strategy is proposed to study void formation during real-time impregnation of dual-scale fibrous reinforcements in liquid composite molding. Void content data from burn-off tests are used to calibrate a refractive index matching approach based on two optical principles: Beer–Lambert and Fresnel laws. Once calibrated, this approach based on visible light transmission is used to study the impact of key process parameters on the saturation footprint of dual-scale fibrous reinforcements during and after mold filling. The injection parameters investigated are the flow front velocity, the pressure distribution inside the mold cavity, the bleeding flow rate, and the mold packing pressure. The experimental setup is a computer-assisted injection system and a transparent resin transfer molding mold is used to perform unidirectional injections. A vinyl ester resin is injected through E-glass bidirectional non-crimp fabrics under various manufacturing conditions. This investigation not only confirms the decreasing trend in void formation by mechanical entrapment of air with the decrease in impregnation velocity, as it converges toward the optimal impregnation conditions for this fibrous reinforcement reported in previous studies, but it also brings insights on void dissolution and transport in liquid composite molding.

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Analyzing the most effective indicators of accountant professional ethics: the inevitable necessity for assessing the safe behavior of accountants

Occupational Medicine ◽

10.18502/tkj.v13i1.6579 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

M Mir Hosseini ◽

M Moinuddin ◽

F Hirani ◽

SH Hatami Nasab

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Professional Ethics ◽

Human Life ◽

Field Research ◽

Moral Values ◽

Study Data ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

Qualitative Approaches ◽

Safe Behavior ◽

The Impact

Introduction: Morality is very important in human life because human humanity is formed when moral values are crystallized in him. Every human being is evaluated to the extent of the emergence of moral values in thoughts, speech, and behavior, the first manifestation of a person in society is that person's morality. To increase the impact of professional ethics, it is necessary to have patterns that are consistent with culture and society, and by recognizing them, the dimensions of safe behavior by accountants can be explored. Materials and Methods: This research is based on a combined method. Because in this research, both quantitative and qualitative approaches have been used in data collection and analysis, a combination of findings and conclusions. In the present study, data collection has been done through library and field research methods. Statistics consists of theoretical texts related to accounting professional ethics. In this study, using a researcher-made questionnaire, effective criteria based on previous research were identified and finally, 25 sub-components in the form of 5 indicators were identified as the most important factors of professional ethics. In this study, NVIVO software (in the content analysis section) Used. Results: According to experts, the components of professionalism and organization are more important than other criteria and affect the sustainable development of safe behavior and professional ethics of the accountant. Conclusion: By understanding the professional ethics of accountants and identifying its basic components in different dimensions and determining the importance of each of them, a specific framework or format for accountants to observe or not to observe professional ethics and the desire to act based on Design and implement a code of professional conduct to reduce unsafe behaviors and, as a result, reduce the incidence of accidents in the country's industries.

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