Developed Countries' Economic Development Strategies-Take the United States as an example

Examinations and assessments of different countries' local economic development strategies have tended to overlook the very different rationales for such activity in diverse politicoeconomic cultures. Differences in the meanings ascribed to locality, to development, and to different programmatic partnerships—and in the divergent patterns of associated local actions—are studied by examining the metaphors used in the development policy literatures in Britain and the United States. The dominant UK metaphors are found to be control, coordination, and centralization, whereas those for the USA emerge as conflict, competition, and change. Enterprise Zones and Urban Development Corporations in the two countries are then examined for differences in practice, and it is concluded that differences in the societal and political meanings attributed to the two programs underscore the difficulties of cross-national transfer of development approaches.

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CHINA'S POST-CORONAVIRUS ECONOMIC SITUATION

SCIENTIFIC WORK ◽

10.36719/2663-4619/62/162-167 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 62 (01) ◽

pp. 162-167

Author(s):

Sirus Rafig Asgarov ◽

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Economic Development ◽

Foreign Currency ◽

State Level ◽

Developed Countries ◽

The United States ◽

Chinese Economy ◽

Educational Institutions ◽

Developed Country ◽

Modern Times

In modern times, the United States, Russia, and China are among the world's economic giants. However, China is now moving towards becoming the most economically developed country. As a result of state reforms in 1979, China's economic development was marked by the prospect of free trade, and thus China became one of the hegemons of our time. However, every rise has a decline, and this decline has manifested itself in the Chinese economy. Due to the COVID19 virus in Wuhan, China, the country suddenly became the center of a pandemic. Educational institutions have shut down, companies have gone online, tourists have been given limited access to the country, and even travel to China from most countries has been suspended. Another country that was hit by a second pandemic after China was Italy, and just two months later, after China, Italy, then the United States, then Russia, and Brazil fell into the pandemic. The first country affected by the pandemic, of course, was China. Because the entrances and exits of a country with great economic development were suddenly stopped and ticket offices were closed. Buddha stopped the inflow of foreign currency into the country. However, if we look at developed countries such as Italy and France, China has suffered less from the pandemic than Italy, France, and Russia. China prevented the spread of the pandemic, took a number of measures at the state level, and thus there was almost no infection with COVID19 in China in March. China, albeit partially, has re-entered the country and resumed life. As a result of these measures taken by China, economic development within the country has already resumed. Key words: China, COVID19, economics, crisis, changes

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Law and Development in the United States

The Law and Development Review ◽

10.1515/ldr-2021-0070 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Yong-Shik Lee

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Developing Countries ◽

Economic Development ◽

Developed Countries ◽

The United States ◽

Economic Conditions ◽

Law And Development ◽

Economic Problems ◽

The Third World ◽

Unexpected Outcome

Abstract Economic development is the term that has been associated with less developed countries in the Third World (“developing countries”), not the economically advanced countries (“developed countries”), such as the United States. However, the changing economic conditions in recent decades, such as the widening income gaps among individual citizens and regions within developed countries, stagnant economic growth deepening economic polarization, and an institutional incapacity to deal with these issues, render the concept of economic development relevant to the assessment of the economic problems in developed countries. In the United States, these economic problems caused a significant political consequence such as the unexpected outcome of the presidential election in 2016. This article examines the applicability of the legal and institutional approaches, which were originally adopted to stimulate economic development in successful developing countries, to the economic problems in the United States.

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Consultative Committee on Economic Development in South and Southeast Asia

International Organization ◽

10.1017/s0020818300023900 ◽

1957 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 398-400

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Economic Development ◽

Southeast Asia ◽

Private Investment ◽

Developed Countries ◽

The United States ◽

Small Scale ◽

Consultative Committee ◽

South And Southeast Asia ◽

Colombo Plan

The eighth meeting of the Consultative Committee on Economic Development in South and Southeast Asia (Colombo Plan) was held in Wellington, New Zealand from December 4 to 8, 1956. The committee noted the progress reported by the United States on a proposal for a regional nuclear center in Manila, for which the United States was prepared to contribute approximately $20 million. The Canadian delegate announced an increase to $34.4 million in the Canadian contribution to the Colombo Plan. Canada also reported on progress in the construction of the Canada-India reactor being established at the Indian Atomic Energy Research Center near Bombay. A communique issued at the end of the meeting stated that during the previous year, a turning point in the progress of the Asian members of the Colombo Plan, many countries had formulated new or renewed national plans and had given continuing attention to improving the planning and execution of their public investment projects. It was reported that the greater part of the cost of development in the public sector was being provided through the efforts of the people of the area, and that, in addition to governmental development projects, private investment was making an important contribution, especially in agriculture and small-scale industries. The report, observing that one of the main obstacles to progress under the Colombo Plan was the lack of skilled personnel, stressed the need for training students in the more developed countries of the area and for sending experts to the area.

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Colombo Plan for Cooperative Economic Development in South and Southeast Asia

International Organization ◽

10.1017/s002081830000028x ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 352-355 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Economic Development ◽

Southeast Asia ◽

Annual Meeting ◽

Technical Assistance ◽

Private Investment ◽

Developed Countries ◽

The United States ◽

South And Southeast Asia ◽

Colombo Plan

The tenth annual meeting of the Consultative Committee of the Colombo Plan for Cooperative Economic Development in South and Southeast Asia was held in Seattle, Washington, November 10–13, 1958. At the meeting the committee's seventh annual report was adopted. It was reported that President Eisenhower, who attended the conference, outlined a five point plan for economic growth which called for expanded international trade; more technical assistance; more private investment; public loans on normal bankable terms; and development financing to provide to the borrower flexibility regarding terms of repayment. Mr. Eisenhower observed that the Development Loan Fund established in 1957 by the United States Congress had given more than half its loans to the Colombo Plan countries. Additions to the fund were needed since Colombo Plan nations had requested further loans for projects which exceeded the resources of the fund. He suggested that progress would be hastened if other more developed countries were to act to meet these growing needs and said that the United States would welcome the contributions of other countries to this end. He spoke of the possibility of creating an international development association for this purpose, as an affiliate of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. During the committee's session, it was pointed out by some participants that less developed countries should prepare a satisfactory climate, with investment safeguards, if large private investments were to be expected. Several representatives from less developed areas concurred in this position, referring to steps already taken in this direction. It was decided to hold the next annual meeting of the committee in Indonesia.

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STRATEGIC PLANNING IN THE LEGISLATION OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES

Scientific Notes Series Law ◽

10.36550/2522-9230-2021-10-66-69 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (10) ◽

pp. 66-69

Author(s):

R. Leshchyshyn ◽

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Sustainable Development ◽

Economic Development ◽

Strategic Planning ◽

Planning Process ◽

The United States ◽

Development Strategies ◽

Strategic Planning Process ◽

Foreign Countries ◽

The Republic

The legal bases of strategic planning in the United States, Canada, France, the Republic of Poland and Japan are analyzed. It is established that within the national legal systems of the studied countries there is no single unified approach to the organization of the strategic planning process. The peculiarities of strategic planning are studied and its main tasks in foreign countries are singled out. It was found that in most foreign countries there is a three-tier system of territorial socio-economic development. The importance of strategic planning in the United States of America lies in outlining the main priorities for economic development at the federal level and to organize on this basis partnerships with state authorities, businesses and directly citizens. In Canada, the strategic planning system includes an interconnected system of documents that reflect different levels of public administration: a federal strategy for sustainable development, which outlines the prospects and priorities for state development; sustainable development strategies of regions (states), developed on the basis of national strategy and national development programs; strategies for sustainable development of cities that best express the interests of the population; development strategies of certain sectors of the economy and line ministries, government agencies, agencies. It is established that the regional component in the formation and implementation of economic development strategy is considered in France, as in most European countries, as a constant phenomenon with an emphasis on restructuring regions, maximizing their domestic development potential, supporting small and medium businesses. The state policy of the Republic of Poland is carried out on the basis of normatively established development strategies: long-term, medium-term development strategies of the country and other development strategies of regions, territories, sectors or industries, which are implemented through programs. The main purpose of strategies in Japan is to establish government policy goals, guide agencies and non-governmental actors to set targets for the processes and trends being monitored, and engage in dialogue with society to adjust government assessments and goals. Attention is drawn to the need to implement positive international practice in order to ensure the quality of the strategic planning process in Ukraine.

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Toward a New Rural Typology: Mapping Resources, Opportunities, and Challenges

Economic Development Quarterly ◽

10.1177/08912424211069122 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 089124242110691

Author(s):

Christelle Khalaf ◽

Gilbert Michaud ◽

G. Jason Jolley

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

The United States ◽

Development Strategies ◽

Federal State ◽

Local Policy ◽

Professional Literature ◽

Level Data ◽

State And Local ◽

Definition Of ◽

Economic Development Strategies

While the concept of rurality has been debated in academic and professional literature for decades, less research has been done on a practical typology that can guide localized economic development strategies. This paper adds to the growing body of literature in search of a more nuanced definition of rural by applying unsupervised machine learning (ML) to the abundance of existing county-level data in the United States. The authors illustrate how this method can lead to a new county typology, named after economic development strategies, that accounts for idiosyncrasies in resources, opportunities, and challenges. This research serves as a practical step toward tractable, heterogeneous classifications that can inform the work of federal, state, and local policy makers, economic development practitioners, and many others.

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