scholarly journals Histological morphology and pathological changes in liver of rats naturally infected with larval stage Cysticercus fasciolaris of Taeniae taeniaeformis

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Eman H. Al-Taee
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Cysticercus Fasciolaris ◽  
Hepatic Neoplasia ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Rat Livers ◽  
Multiple Cysts

     The aim of this study is to describe the morphology of Cysticercus fasciolaris by using light microscopy, and the pathological changes in the liver of rats naturally infected. A total of 50 liver specimens of local rats (Wister rats) were collected for examination. The gross lesions showed the presence of single or multiple cysts. Microscopic findings revealed the presence of larvae within the cysts which represent the larvae Cysticercus fasciolaris of the adult parasite Taeniae taeniaeformis which inhabited the small intestine of the domestic cats surrounded by fibrous connective tissue infiltrated with inflammatory cells (mononuclear cells and plasma cells). These lesions cause pressure atrophy to the adjacent hepatic parenchyma. In advanced hepatic infection there is a tendency to undergo neoplastic changes (fibroma). Other pathological lesions seen in the liver parenchyma were necrosis, apoptosis with infiltration of chronic inflammatory cells in the portal area, in addition; to formation of early granulomas with congestion of blood vessels which contain neutrophiles in their lumina with extensive area of hemorrhages in liver parenchyma. In conclusion the C. fasciolaris infction induce hepatic neoplasia in rat livers (fibroma) in advance cases of heavy infection, which could be developed to fibrosarcoma in future.

scholarly journals Postpartal hysterectomy performed the consequence of chronic myometritis

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 521-524
Author(s):  
Bozidar Jovanovic ◽  
Aleksandar Petrovic ◽  
Bratislav Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Previous Pregnancy ◽  
Second Child ◽  
Subtotal Hysterectomy ◽  
Cell Groups

Introduction. As a diffuse chronic inflammation, myometritis is very rere and usually follows after postpartal placenta remains or postabortion infections, but it can be also associated with endometrial or ascendent infection. Chronic myometritis is often followed by profuse bleeding, though in most cases it cannot be recognized as it is asymptomatic. Histologically, that chronic process is characterized by the presence of fibriosis within the muscles and mononuclear cells (lymphoplasmocytic and histiocytic) infiltration. Case report. A 24 old woman's second child was delivered per vias naturalis but the next day the profuse bleeding occured which would not stop even after repeated curretages and suspecting a case of placenta accreta and uterus atony, subtotal hysterectomy was performed. Histologically, the disappearance of the regular arrangement of the smooth muscles and stroma could be seen with the devastation of myometrium due to the diffuse reduction of its smooth muscle bundles and cells, as well as their atrophy, necrobiosis and apoptosis with the minimal preservation of the muscle bundles and little cell groups of the myometrium, an abundant presence of the fibrocollagene and myxoid transformed connective tissue, group cells similar to the mesenchymal tissue and adipocytes. Discussion It was not possible to find this variant of the changes on the myometrium in the available literature. The present case is about the clinically unknown asymptomatic myometritis, possibly developed in the postpartal period of the previous pregnancy. It is our opinion that it is most probably an autoagressive process directed towards the smooth muscle cells of the myometrium, as shown by their reduction and inflammatory cells composition, which plays an important role in the immune reactions (lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophilis, histocytes). Conclusion. A subtotal hysterectomy was performed on a woman, 24 years old, who gave birth to her second child and had profuse postpartal bleeding in sprite of repeated curettages. On the basis of this uterus atony, there is the clinically non-manifested chronic myometritis. The chronic inflammation resulted in a subtotal reduction of myometrium muscle mass, its replacement sclerosis, the multiplication of adipocytes, mesenchymal cells, histoicytes, lymphomonocytes and dissection of muscle fascicles.

Hepatic lesions and bacterial changes in mice during infection of Fusobacterium necrophorum

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1465-1477 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Garcia ◽  
K. M. Charlton ◽  
K. A. McKay
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Fusobacterium Necrophorum ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Liver Abscesses ◽  
Infected Liver ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Hepatic Lesions ◽  
Intraperitoneal Inoculation

Liver abscesses were induced in male albino mice within 1 week after intraperitoneal inoculation of viable Fusobacterium necrophorum LA 19 culture. Fusobacteremia was transitory and reached a peak 2 h after inoculation then sharply declined until its disappearance 24 h post inoculation. By contrast, the number of fusobacteria in the liver increased rapidly during the first 4 h post inoculation and continued to do so less rapidly until the last sampling time (48 h post inoculation). There were small or large areas of necrosis, usually surrounded by inflammatory cells, small focal accumulations of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages in areas of parenchyma with no degenerations, generalized proliferation of Kupffer cells, and a few accumulations of fibrin and leukocytes on the surface. Ultrathin sections of infected liver tissues revealed both intact and partially degraded F. necrophorum cells enclosed in phagocytic and digestive vacuoles of mononuclear cells. The results indicate that macrophages play a key role in the pathogenesis of liver abscesses.

scholarly journals Pathological Changes of Immunized Rabbits with proteus vulgaris Fimbriae Antigen

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Enaam Bader Faleh
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Post Challenge ◽  
The Third ◽  
Liver And Kidney

The study was carried to investigate pathological effects of fimbrial antigen of proteus vulgaris 20 rabbit has been divided into (4) equal groups The first group immunized subcutaneous twicely with (01) ml of pv fimberial Ag (200 μ/ml) with 2 week interval the second group was treated as the 1st group but in a dose containing 100 μ/ml. Third and fourth group considered as positive and negative control groups respectively. After 45 days post immunization first second and third groups were challenged with 01ml of bacteria suspension contain (107x5cfu/ml) of virulent pvulgaris. All rabbits of the third group died during 24-48 hr post challenge with severe congestion in all internal organs associated with necrotic foci mainly in liver and kidney at days 3-20 post challenge immunized infected rabbits (died and survival) were sacrified histopathologically the third group showed focal necrosis and polymorphonuclear cells (PMNCs) infiltration in liver parenchyma pulmonary edema with severe congestion and depletion of spleen Mild pathological changes were revealed in the 1st and 2nd immunized groups characterized by kupffer cell proliferation dilation of sinusoids with mononuclear cells (MNCs) aggregation (mainly lymphocyte) around blood vessels lymphoid hyperplasia in spleen with hyperplasia of goblet cells and secretion of mucin in the intestine mainly in the first groupfimberial antigen considered as effective immunogen for protecting rabbits against p volgaris infection and it is synchronized with dose of this antigen.

scholarly journals Toxopathological and immunotoxical effects of thiamethoxam in white mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
A.R. Dirwal
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Liver Section ◽  
Subepithelial Layer

In order to investigate toxopathological and immunotoxic, effects of thiamethoxam in mice. Forty eight white mice, both sexes were divided into four groups equally, 1st group was immunized twicely with Brucella melitensis Rev1.with two weeks intervals. 2nd group was immunized as in the 1st group and at same time administrated orally with 83.73mg\kg B.W of thiamethoxam daily for 6 weeks.3rd group was administrated with thiamethoxam as in the 2nd group while the 4th group was served as control negative group. Immunological examination DTH and humoral immunity revealed that the thiamethoxam induced depressed in both arms of immune response as comparing with vaccinated non-treatment animals. The pathological examination revealed that the thiamethoxam induced, necrosis, hypertrophy of hepatocytes with multiple granulomatous lesion scatter in liver parenchyma and these lesions were progressive with period time particularly at 6 weeks post-treatment that showed marked proliferation of hepatocytes. The electron microscope examination to liver section showed lipid droplet, proliferation of mitochondria enlargement in addition to distraction of nuclear membrane and presence facular space, also there was severe hemorrhage in the renal interstitial tissue with inflammatory cells infiltration together with fibrosis of the glomeruli wall. Congestion with inflammatory cells infiltration in the red pulp of spleen, in addition to gliosis in the brain parenchyma was seen .The immunized animals showed mild pathological changes characterized by aggregation of mononuclear cells, The electron microscope to liver section showed normal organelles cell. with lymphoid hyperplasia in the spleen and in subepithelial layer of intestinal mucosa. We concluded that thiamethoxam induced toxopathological changes in the internal organs of mice and stimulated the immune response diminished its toxic effects.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory genes in PBMCs post-spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
Doan Nguyen ◽  
Vi Tran ◽  
Alireza Shirazian ◽  
Cruz Velasco-Gonzalez ◽  
Ifeanyi Iwuchukwu
Keyword(s):  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Favorable Outcome ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Hematoma Volume ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background Neuroinflammation is important in the pathophysiology of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and peripheral inflammatory cells play a role in the clinical evolution and outcome. Methodology Blood samples from ICH patients (n = 20) were collected at admission for 5 consecutive days for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Frozen PBMCs were used for real-time PCR using Taqman probes (NFKB1, SOD1, PPARG, IL10, NFE2L2, and REL) and normalized to GAPDH. Data on hospital length of stay and modified Rankin score (MRS) were collected with 90-day MRS ≤ 3 as favorable outcome. Statistical analysis of clinical characteristics to temporal gene expression from early to delayed timepoints was compared for MRS groups (favorable vs unfavorable) and hematoma volume. Principle findings and results IL10, SOD1, and REL expression were significantly higher at delayed timepoints in PBMCs of ICH patients with favorable outcome. PPARG and REL increased between timepoints in patients with favorable outcome. NFKB1 expression was not sustained, but significantly decreased from higher levels at early onset in patients with unfavorable outcome. IL10 expression showed a negative correlation in patients with high hematoma volume (>30 mL). Conclusions and significance Anti-inflammatory, pro-survival regulators were highly expressed at delayed time points in ICH patients with a favorable outcome, and IL10 expression showed a negative correlation to high hematoma volume.

scholarly journals Evidence for the Origin of Plasma Cells from Adventitial Cells

Blood ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOTOE HIRATA-HIBI
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Dorsal Skin ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Chromatin Pattern ◽  
Adventitial Cells ◽  
Subcutaneous Connective Tissue ◽  
Diffuse Distribution

Abstract Arthus reactions were induced in the dorsal skin, and the subcutaneous connective tissues from the sensitized areas were examined at various stages. The subcutaneous connective tissue was used due to its simplicity of construction and because it could be studied conveniently by both supravital and fixed methods. This combination of tissue and technic allowed both an accurate classification of various types of inflammatory cells and a close examination of their relationships to the blood vessels. Cells transitional between adventitial cells and plasma cells were observed after antigenic stimulation. Their location on the walls of the venules and capillaries indicated that they were adventitial cells but their morphology was that of plasma cells. By supravital technic they exhibited a glassy and homogeneous cytoplasm, a circular formation of neutral red granules, and a diffuse distribution of Janus green granules; and by fixed method they exhibited a chromatin pattern similar to that of plasma cells, an increased cytoplasmic basophilia, and a nucleolus was often present. Small plasma cells appeared simultaneously around the venules and capillaries. The local origin of plasma cells would appear to explain the absence of plasmacytosis during strong tissue plasma cell reactions. Immunofluorescence was only found in plasma cells and in transitional adventitial cells, indicating a functional similarity between the 2 cells.

scholarly journals Morphometric analysis of collagen and inflammatory cells in periodontal disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranko Golijanin ◽  
Bojan Kujundzic ◽  
Zoran Milosavljevic ◽  
Dragan Milovanovic ◽  
Zlatibor Andjelkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Test System ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Immunochemical Method

Background/Aim. Periodontal disease affects gingival tissue and supporting apparatus of the teeth leading to its decay. The aim of this study was to highlight and precisely determine histological changes in the gum tissue. Methods. Gingival biopsy samples from 53 healthy and parodontopathy-affected patients were used. Clinical staging of the disease was performed. Tissue specimens were fixed and routinely processed. Sections, 5 ?m thin, were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, histochemical Van-Gieson for the collagen content, Spicer method for mast-cells and immunochemical method with anti-CD68 and anti-CD38 for the labelling of the macrophages and plasma-cells. Morphometric analysis was performed by a M42 test system. Results. While the disease advanced, collagen and fibroblast volume density decreased almost twice in the severe cases compared to the control ones, but a significant variation was observed within the investigated groups. The mast-cell number increased nearly two times, while the macrophage content was up to three times higher in severe parodontopathy than in healthy gingival tissue. However, the relative proportion of these cells stayed around 6% in all cases. Plasma-cells had the most prominent increase in the number (over 8 times) compared to the control, but again, a variation within investigated groups was very high. Conclusion. Gingival tissue destruction caused by inflammatory process leads to significant changes in collagen density and population of resident connective tissue cells. Although inflammatory cells dominated with the disease advancing, a high variation within the same investigated groups suggests fluctuation of the pathological process. <br><br><font color="red"><b> This article has been corrected. Link to the correction <u><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/VSP1704391E">10.2298/VSP1704391E</a><u></b></font>

Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Chicken Astrovirus Associated with Poultry Enteritis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Patidar ◽  
D.K. Sharma ◽  
R. Singathia ◽  
P. Suthar ◽  
A. Saraswat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Villous Atrophy ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Poultry Birds ◽  
Commercial Poultry ◽  
Liver Specimen

Background: Poultry enteritis is an important multifactorial disease. Chicken Astrovirus (CAstV) usually associated with enteritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of CAstV in poultry enteritis cases, its molecular characterization, phylogenetic analysis and gross and microscopic examination of intestine and liver specimen affected with CAstV. Methods: Total 604 dead poultry birds from commercial poultry farms affected with enteritis were examined for presence of CAstV. Intestinal samples of four birds were pooled to make one biological sample. CAstV was detected by reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) using ORF-1b gene specific primers. Molecular characterization was carried out by partial gene sequencing. Result: CAstV was detected in 20.52% (31/151) of samples. Highest prevalence (49.29%) was observed in 0-1 week old chicks. The partial molecular characterization revealed high similarity of the nucleotide sequence from India (97% to 93%) and from USA, Brazil, Poland and Korea (94 to 92%). Further similarity of amino acid sequences of CAstV from India (100% to 98%) and from USA, Brazil, Poland and Korea (98 to 97%) was observed. Histopathological examination revealed villous atrophy, congestion and atrophic cystic glands in sub-mucosa of intestine. Further severe congestion and hemorrhages along with infiltration of inflammatory cells in liver parenchyma was observed.

scholarly journals Anti-C5a complementary peptide mitigates zymosan-induced severe peritonitis with fibrotic encapsulation in rats pretreated with methylglyoxal

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (6) ◽  
pp. F1732-F1746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiki Iguchi ◽  
Masashi Mizuno ◽  
Yasuhiro Suzuki ◽  
Fumiko Sakata ◽  
Shoichi Maruyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Visceral Peritoneum ◽  
Peritoneal Encapsulation ◽  
Severe Peritonitis

In a previous study of fungal peritoneal injury in peritoneal dialysis patients, complement (C)-dependent pathological changes were developed in zymosan (Zy)-induced peritonitis by peritoneal scraping. However, the injuries were limited to the parietal peritoneum and did not show any fibrous encapsulation of the visceral peritoneum, which differs from human encapsular peritoneal sclerosis (EPS). We investigated peritoneal injury in a rat model of Zy-induced peritonitis pretreated with methylglyoxal (MGO) instead of scraping (Zy/MGO peritonitis) to clarify the role of C in the process of fibrous encapsulation of the visceral peritoneum. Therapeutic effects of an anti-C5a complementary peptide, AcPepA, on peritonitis were also studied. In Zy/MGO peritonitis, peritoneal thickness, fibrin exudation, accumulation of inflammatory cells, and deposition of C3b and C5b-9 with loss of membrane C regulators were increased along the peritoneum until day 5. On day 14, fibrous encapsulation of the visceral peritoneum was observed, resembling human EPS. Peritoneal injuries and fibrous changes were significantly improved with AcPepA treatment, even when AcPepA was administered following injection of Zy in Zy/MGO peritonitis. The data show that C5a might play a role in the development of encapsulation-like changes in the visceral peritoneum in Zy/MGO peritonitis. AcPepA might have therapeutic effects in fungal infection-induced peritoneal injury by preventing subsequent development of peritoneal encapsulation.

scholarly journals Il6/Sil6R Regulates Tnfα-Inflammatory Response In Synovial Fibroblasts Through Modulation of Transcriptional and Post-Transcriptional Mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Valin ◽  
Manuel J. Del Rey ◽  
Cristina Municio ◽  
Alicia Usategui ◽  
Marina Romero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Synovial Fibroblasts ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteases ◽  
P Value ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Expression Of Genes

Abstract Introduction: The clinical efficacy of specific interleukin-6 inhibitors has confirmed the central role of IL6 in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However the local role of IL6, in particular in synovial fibroblasts (SF) as a direct cellular target to IL6/sIL6R signal is not well characterized. The purpose of the study was to characterize the crosstalk between TNFα and IL6/sIL6R signaling to the effector pro-inflammatory response of SF. Methods SF lines were stimulated with either TNFα or IL6 and sIL6R for the time and dose indicated for each experiment, and where indicated, cells were treated with inhibitors actinomycin D, adalimumab, ruxolitinib and cicloheximide. mRNA expression of cytokines, chemokines and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) were analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. Level of IL8 and CCL8 in culture supernatants was measured by ELISA. Mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells migration assays were assesed by transwell using conditioned medium from SF cultures. Statistical analyses were performed as indicated in the corresponding figure legends and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results IL6/sIL6R stimulation of TNFα treated SF cooperatively promotes the expression of mono- and lymphocytic chemokines such as IL6, CCL8 and CCL2, as well as matrix degrading enzymes such as MMP1, while inhibiting the induction of central neutrophil chemokines such as IL8. These changes in the pattern of chemokines expression resulted in reduced polymorphonuclear (PMN) and increased mononuclear cells (MNC) chemoattraction by SF. Mechanistic analyses of the temporal expression of genes demonstrated that the cooperative regulation mediated by these two factors is mostly induced through de novo transcriptional mechanisms activated by IL6/sIL6R. Furthermore, we also demonstrate that TNFα and IL6/sIL6R cooperation is partially mediated by the expression of secondary factors signaling through JAK/STAT pathways. Conclusions These results point out to a highly orchestrated response to IL6 in TNFα-induced SF and provide additional insights into the role of IL6/sIL6R in the context of RA, highlighting the contribution of IL6/sIL6R to the interplay of SF with other inflammatory cells.

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