scholarly journals Evidence for the Origin of Plasma Cells from Adventitial Cells

Blood ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOTOE HIRATA-HIBI
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Dorsal Skin ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Chromatin Pattern ◽  
Adventitial Cells ◽  
Subcutaneous Connective Tissue ◽  
Diffuse Distribution

Abstract Arthus reactions were induced in the dorsal skin, and the subcutaneous connective tissues from the sensitized areas were examined at various stages. The subcutaneous connective tissue was used due to its simplicity of construction and because it could be studied conveniently by both supravital and fixed methods. This combination of tissue and technic allowed both an accurate classification of various types of inflammatory cells and a close examination of their relationships to the blood vessels. Cells transitional between adventitial cells and plasma cells were observed after antigenic stimulation. Their location on the walls of the venules and capillaries indicated that they were adventitial cells but their morphology was that of plasma cells. By supravital technic they exhibited a glassy and homogeneous cytoplasm, a circular formation of neutral red granules, and a diffuse distribution of Janus green granules; and by fixed method they exhibited a chromatin pattern similar to that of plasma cells, an increased cytoplasmic basophilia, and a nucleolus was often present. Small plasma cells appeared simultaneously around the venules and capillaries. The local origin of plasma cells would appear to explain the absence of plasmacytosis during strong tissue plasma cell reactions. Immunofluorescence was only found in plasma cells and in transitional adventitial cells, indicating a functional similarity between the 2 cells.

scholarly journals Morphometric analysis of collagen and inflammatory cells in periodontal disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranko Golijanin ◽  
Bojan Kujundzic ◽  
Zoran Milosavljevic ◽  
Dragan Milovanovic ◽  
Zlatibor Andjelkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Test System ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Immunochemical Method

Background/Aim. Periodontal disease affects gingival tissue and supporting apparatus of the teeth leading to its decay. The aim of this study was to highlight and precisely determine histological changes in the gum tissue. Methods. Gingival biopsy samples from 53 healthy and parodontopathy-affected patients were used. Clinical staging of the disease was performed. Tissue specimens were fixed and routinely processed. Sections, 5 ?m thin, were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, histochemical Van-Gieson for the collagen content, Spicer method for mast-cells and immunochemical method with anti-CD68 and anti-CD38 for the labelling of the macrophages and plasma-cells. Morphometric analysis was performed by a M42 test system. Results. While the disease advanced, collagen and fibroblast volume density decreased almost twice in the severe cases compared to the control ones, but a significant variation was observed within the investigated groups. The mast-cell number increased nearly two times, while the macrophage content was up to three times higher in severe parodontopathy than in healthy gingival tissue. However, the relative proportion of these cells stayed around 6% in all cases. Plasma-cells had the most prominent increase in the number (over 8 times) compared to the control, but again, a variation within investigated groups was very high. Conclusion. Gingival tissue destruction caused by inflammatory process leads to significant changes in collagen density and population of resident connective tissue cells. Although inflammatory cells dominated with the disease advancing, a high variation within the same investigated groups suggests fluctuation of the pathological process. <br><br><font color="red"><b> This article has been corrected. Link to the correction <u><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/VSP1704391E">10.2298/VSP1704391E</a><u></b></font>

scholarly journals Histological analysis of the association between formocresol and endotoxin in the subcutaneous tissue of mice

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Teresa Sant'anna ◽  
Luis Carlos Spolidório ◽  
Lizeti Toledo Oliveira Ramalho
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Plastic Tube ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Subcutaneous Connective Tissue ◽  
Original Formula

This study performed a histological analysis of the effect of formocresol associated to endotoxin (LPS) in the subcutaneous connective tissue of mice. Ninety mice were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n=30). Each animal received one plastic tube implant containing endotoxin solution (10 mg/mL), formocresol (original formula) or a mixture of endotoxin and formocresol. The endotoxin and formocresol groups served as controls. The periods of analysis were 7, 15 and 30 days. At each experimental period, tissue samples were collected and submitted to routine processing for histological analysis. Endotoxin and formocresol produced necrosis and chronic inflammation at 7 and 15 days. At 30 days, the endotoxin group showed no necrosis, while in the formocresol group necrosis persisted. The formocresol-endotoxin association produced necrosis and chronic inflammation in the same way as observed with formocresol at all experimental periods. In conclusion, formocresol seems not to be able to inactive the toxic effects of endotoxin in connective tissues.

Does antrochoanal polyp present with epistaxis?

2009 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
R H Sayed ◽  
E E Abu-Dief
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Antrochoanal Polyp ◽  
Microscopic Appearance ◽  
Recurrent Epistaxis ◽  
Computed Tomography Scanning

AbstractObjective:To compare the gross and microscopic appearance of antrochoanal polyps associated with recurrent epistaxis, with those with a more typical presentation.Design:Prospective, controlled study.Methods:All patients underwent clinical and endoscopic examination, computed tomography scanning, and examination under anaesthesia, in order to detect the gross diagnostic criteria for antrochoanal polyp. Histological findings on light microscopy were compared for polyps presenting with epistaxis versus those without. The number of predominant inflammatory cells in the corium was determined in both groups and statistically compared using the Studentt-test.Results:Recurrent epistaxis was a presenting symptom in 10/84 (11.9 per cent) patients with gross diagnostic criteria for antrochoanal polyp. Grossly, these patients' polyps had a reddish, vascular surface in parts. Histologically, these polyps showed a highly vascular stroma with multiple dilated blood vessels, the typical appearance of an angiomatous antrochoanal polyp. Thrombi at different stages of development were detected, with no infarcts. The remaining cases (88.1 per cent) had no history of epistaxis; histologically, these patients' polyps showed an oedematous connective tissue core with few inflammatory cells. Plasma cells were predominant in the angiomatous polyps, being significantly more prevalent than in the ordinary antrochoanal polyps (p < 0.00).Conclusions:It would appear that only angiomatous antrochoanal polyps present with epistaxis. Detection of the characteristic gross appearance of these polyps may help avoid unwanted surgery. Histopathological analysis confirms the diagnosis. A significantly increased number of plasma cells may be the underlying cause of the histological changes seen in angiomatous antrochoanal polyps.

The Effect of the Supra-alveolar Soft Tissue on the Relapse of Orthodontic Treatment

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Larsson ◽  
György Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Control Side ◽  
Definite Difference ◽  
The Stability

Orthodontic closure in cases of aplasia as also in patients with spaces of other genesis is often associated with problems of relapse. In this study ten patients were treated orthodontically in order to close unacceptable interdental spaces. Five patients had paired aplasia. The remaining five patients had interdental spaces of different genesis. Supra-crestal connective tissue fibres w re surgically removed in all patients but only on one side of the jaw in the children with paired aplasia. The non-operated side of these children served as a control side. The stability of the orthodontic treatment was acceptable. No definite difference between the operated and the control side was recorded. The histological analysis of the removed tissue did not reveal anything unexpected but a rich infiltration of inflammatory cells. It is suggested that inflammation might aid the reorganization of the connective tissues in this area.

Hepatic Lesions in Rabbits Infected with Encephalitozoon cuniculi Administered per Rectum

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 536-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. C. Fuentealba ◽  
N. T. Mahoney ◽  
J. A. Shadduck ◽  
J. Harvill ◽  
V. Wicher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Encephalitozoon Cuniculi ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Portal Veins ◽  
Hepatic Lesions ◽  
Hepatic Portal ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Microsporidia have been recognized recently as opportunistic pathogens in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients. In an attempt to develop an animal model of enteric microsporidiosis, adult (5 to 6 months old) male Flemish Giant rabbits from a closed New York colony were administered 5 × 103, 5 × 105, and 5 × 107 Encephalitozoon cuniculi per rectum. Rabbits given 5 × 105 and 5 × 107 E. cuniculi had moderate granulomatous periportal infiltrates, characterized by the presence of numerous macrophages, epithelioid cells, and a few multinucleated giant cells, lymphocytes, and plasma cells. Inflammatory cells also were seen infiltrating the tunica adventitia and tunica media of hepatic portal veins and branches of the hepatic artery. This study demonstrates that administration of E. cuniculi per rectum to rabbits results in infection that is characterized by high frequency and severity of hepatic lesions.

scholarly journals THE ORIGIN OF MONOCYTES IN CERTAIN LYMPH NODES AND THEIR GENETIC RELATION TO OTHER CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS

1930 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude E. Forkner
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Peripheral Lymph ◽  
Undifferentiated Cells

1. The theories for the origin of monocytes from myeloblasts, lymphocytes, endothelium, macrophages, and primitive cells are reviewed and considered. 2. Monocytes in all stages of development have been demonstrated to be present constantly in large numbers in all the lymph nodes of the body, except in the large mesenteric group. 3. The relations of these cells to undifferentiated cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, plasma cells, and endothelium are described. 4. The origin of adult monocytes from primitive undifferentiated cells through the stages of monoblasts and pre-monocytes is described and illustrated. 5. The demonstration in certain lymph nodes of innumerable monocytes in all stages of development permits of a shifting of the term "monoblast" from a more or less theoretical name to its proper place as a term designating that particular cell which is derived from a primitive undifferentiated cell and which is the immediate precursor of the pre-monocyte. 6. The term "pre-monocyte" is proposed to designate the intermediate stage between the monoblast and the mature monocyte. 7. Evidence is advanced to show that monocytes are an independent strain of cells, but that under physiological conditions they may be transformed into macrophages, this representing at least one way in which the latter cells normally are produced. 8. In no organs or tissues other than in certain specific lymph nodes, chiefly the peripheral group, can one constantly find monocytes in all stages of development. 9. Developing monocytes occasionally may be found in small numbers in the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, Peyer's patches, subcutaneous connective tissues, lungs, and omenta of normal rabbits, but their presence is by no means constant and their numbers are insignificant in comparison with those found in the peripheral lymph nodes. 10. Monocytes and pre-monocytes do not stain by the common methods used for the demonstration of the reticulo-endothelial system and therefore must be considered for the present as independent of this system, except in so far as monocytes may be transformed into macrophages. 11. Plasma cells, stained with the supravital technique, as seen in lymph nodes, are described. No basis has been found for the theory that plasma cells and monocytes are closely related structural elements.

scholarly journals Postpartal hysterectomy performed the consequence of chronic myometritis

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 521-524
Author(s):  
Bozidar Jovanovic ◽  
Aleksandar Petrovic ◽  
Bratislav Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Previous Pregnancy ◽  
Second Child ◽  
Subtotal Hysterectomy ◽  
Cell Groups

Introduction. As a diffuse chronic inflammation, myometritis is very rere and usually follows after postpartal placenta remains or postabortion infections, but it can be also associated with endometrial or ascendent infection. Chronic myometritis is often followed by profuse bleeding, though in most cases it cannot be recognized as it is asymptomatic. Histologically, that chronic process is characterized by the presence of fibriosis within the muscles and mononuclear cells (lymphoplasmocytic and histiocytic) infiltration. Case report. A 24 old woman's second child was delivered per vias naturalis but the next day the profuse bleeding occured which would not stop even after repeated curretages and suspecting a case of placenta accreta and uterus atony, subtotal hysterectomy was performed. Histologically, the disappearance of the regular arrangement of the smooth muscles and stroma could be seen with the devastation of myometrium due to the diffuse reduction of its smooth muscle bundles and cells, as well as their atrophy, necrobiosis and apoptosis with the minimal preservation of the muscle bundles and little cell groups of the myometrium, an abundant presence of the fibrocollagene and myxoid transformed connective tissue, group cells similar to the mesenchymal tissue and adipocytes. Discussion It was not possible to find this variant of the changes on the myometrium in the available literature. The present case is about the clinically unknown asymptomatic myometritis, possibly developed in the postpartal period of the previous pregnancy. It is our opinion that it is most probably an autoagressive process directed towards the smooth muscle cells of the myometrium, as shown by their reduction and inflammatory cells composition, which plays an important role in the immune reactions (lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophilis, histocytes). Conclusion. A subtotal hysterectomy was performed on a woman, 24 years old, who gave birth to her second child and had profuse postpartal bleeding in sprite of repeated curettages. On the basis of this uterus atony, there is the clinically non-manifested chronic myometritis. The chronic inflammation resulted in a subtotal reduction of myometrium muscle mass, its replacement sclerosis, the multiplication of adipocytes, mesenchymal cells, histoicytes, lymphomonocytes and dissection of muscle fascicles.

scholarly journals Decorin: A Growth Factor Antagonist for Tumor Growth Inhibition

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tero A. H. Järvinen ◽  
Stuart Prince
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Suppressor Gene ◽  
Tumor Growth Inhibition ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Experimental Cancer

Decorin (DCN) is the best characterized member of the extracellular small leucine-rich proteoglycan family present in connective tissues, typically in association with or “decorating” collagen fibrils. It has substantial interest to clinical medicine owing to its antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. Studies on DCN knockout mice have established that a lack of DCN is permissive for tumor development and it is regarded as a tumor suppressor gene. A reduced expression or a total disappearance of DCN has been reported to take place in various forms of human cancers during tumor progression. Furthermore, when used as a therapeutic molecule, DCN has been shown to inhibit tumor progression and metastases in experimental cancer models. DCN affects the biology of various types of cancer by targeting a number of crucial signaling molecules involved in cell growth, survival, metastasis, and angiogenesis. The active sites for the neutralization of different growth factors all reside in different parts of the DCN molecule. An emerging concept that multiple proteases, especially those produced by inflammatory cells, are capable of cleaving DCN suggests that native DCN could be inactivated in a number of pathological inflammatory conditions. In this paper, we review the role of DCN in cancer.

scholarly journals AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPE STUDY OF LYMPHATIC TISSUE IN RUNT DISEASE

1965 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Weiss ◽  
Alan C. Aisenberg
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Splenic Cells ◽  
Reticular Cells ◽  
Spleen And Lymph Nodes ◽  
Myelin Figure ◽  
Rats And Mice

The thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes were studied in runt disease induced by a graft of intravenously injected homologous splenic cells into newborn rats and mice. Adult Long-Evans cells (70 x 106) were injected into Sprague-Dawley rats. Adult DBA cells (7 x 106) were injected into C57BL/6 mice. Runted rats were sacrificed at 14 to 28 days of age; mice at 10 to 20 days. The thymic cortex is depleted of small lymphocytes. Those remaining are severely damaged and phagocytized. Evidence of damage includes swelling of mitochondria, myelin figure formation, margination of chromatin, and sharp angulation in nuclear contour. Large numbers of macrophages are present. Epithelial-reticular cells which envelop small cortical blood vessels are often retracted, with the result that the most peripheral layer in the thymic-blood barrier suffers abnormally large gaps. Lymphocytes of the periarterial lymphatic sheaths of spleen and of the cortex of lymph nodes are reduced in number and damaged. Vast numbers of plasma cells and many lymphocytes are evident throughout lymph nodes, in the periarterial lymphatic sheaths, and in the marginal zone and red pulp of the spleen. Plasma cells are of different sizes, the larger having dilated sacs of endoplasmic reticulum. Lymphocytes are small to medium in size. They contain, in varying quantity, ribosomes and smooth membrane-bounded cytoplasmic vesicles approximately 350 to 500 A in diameter. Most plasma cells and lymphocytes are damaged and many of these are phagocytized. Many lymphocytes in lymph nodes, however, show no evidence of damage. Reticular cells and other fixed cells of the connective tissues seldom appear affected. Thus, the major cell types reacting in runt disease are lymphocytes, plasma cells, and histiocytes or macrophages. It appears, therefore, that both the delayed and immediate types of sensitivity play a part in this disease.

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