scholarly journals Volatility at Karachi Stock Exchange

1995 ◽  
Vol 34 (4II) ◽  
pp. 651-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aslam Farid ◽  
Javed Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Efficient Market Hypothesis ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Positive Sign ◽  
Expected Returns ◽  
Portfolio Insurance ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Made In

Frequent “crashes” of the stock market reported during the year 1994 suggest that the Karachi bourse is rapidly converting into a volatile market. This cannot be viewed as a positive sign for this developing market of South Asia. Though heavy fluctuations in stock prices are not an unusual phenomena and it has been observed at almost all big and small exchanges of the world. Focusing on the reasons for such fluctuations is instructive and likely to have important policy implications. Proponents of the efficient market hypothesis argue that changes in stock prices are mainly dependent on the arrival of information regarding the expected returns from the stock. However, Fama (1965), French (1980), and French and Rolls (1986) observed that volatility is to some extent caused by trading itself. Portfolio insurance schemes also have the potential to increase volatility. Brady Commission’s Report provides useful insights into the effect of portfolio insurance schemes. It is interesting to note that many analysts consider the so-called “crashes” of Karachi stock market as a deliberate move to bring down prices. An attempt is made in this study to examine the effect of trading on the volatility of stock prices at Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE). Findings of the study will help understand the mechanism of the rise and fall of stock prices at the Karachi bourse.

scholarly journals Systematic risk and performance of stock market in Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-214
Author(s):  
Nathan Mwenda Mutwiri ◽  
Job Omagwa ◽  
Lucy Wamugo
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Systematic Risk ◽  
Efficient Market Hypothesis ◽  
Arbitrage Pricing Theory ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Systematic Risks ◽  
And Performance

Stock prices in Kenya have been experiencing drastic volatility over the years. In the year 2015 alone, the value of the listed companies shrunk by about 2.5 billion USD, representing about 25% of the national government annual budget. The performance of the stock market is an important proxy of a country’s economic environment. Rational investors constantly value and revise their portfolio composition so as to maximize their wealth. Whereas effectively diversified portfolio minimizes the unsystematic risk, systematic risks cannot be managed by simple diversification. Investors, therefore, need to understand the effect of these systematic risks on the stock performance. The study sought to determine the relationship between systematic risk factors using Inflation and interest rates and the performance of the stock market in Kenya. The study adopted a positivist philosophy and employed a correlation research design. The study targeted all the stock listed in the Nairobi Securities exchange. The study was underpinned by the Efficient Market Hypothesis, Arbitrage Pricing theory, and used integration analysis to establish the relationships between the variables of the study. The study found a significant long-run positive relationship between interest rate, inflation, and performance of the stock market in Kenya. Investment firms, the financial analyst should use past data on 91 Treasury bills rate and Inflation, to predict the future performance of stock exchange for the benefit of investors.  

scholarly journals ANALISIS PORTOFOLIO SEBAGAI DASAR PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN INVESTASI SAHAM YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI

IQTISHODUNA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Yati
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Stock Returns ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Portfolio Analysis ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Expected Returns ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Expected Return

This study aims to analyze rate of return and risk as the tools to form the portfolio analysis on 15 the most actives stocks listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange. Descriptive analytical method is used to describe the correlation between three variables: stock returns, expected returns of stock market, and beta in order to measure the risk of stocks to help the investors in making the investment decisions. The research materials are 15 the most actives stocks listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange during 2008-2009. The results show that PT. Astra International Tbk. has the highest average expected return of individual stock (Ri) of 308,3355685, while PT. Perusahaan Gas Negara Tbk. has the lowest of -477,0827847. The average expected return of stock market (Rm) is 0,00247163. PT. Astra International Tbk. has the highest systematic risk level of 20229,14205, while the lowest of -147,5793279 is PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk. Furthermore, the results also indicate that there are 9 stocks can be combined to form optimal portfolio because they have positive expected returns.

Bombay Stock Exchange of India

2017 ◽  
pp. 181-212
Author(s):  
Sachin Kamley ◽  
Shailesh Jaloree ◽  
R. S. Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Efficient Market Hypothesis ◽  
Share Price ◽  
Share Prices ◽  
Election Results ◽  
Combination Of Methods ◽  
Prediction Techniques ◽  
A Company ◽  
Financial Issues

Stock market nature is considered to be dynamic and susceptible to quick changes because it depends on various factors like share price, fundamental variables like P/E ratio, dividend yield etc. election results, rumors etc. Now a day's prediction is an important process which determines the future worth of a company. The successful prediction brings motivation and awareness in stock community as well as economic growth of the country. In past various theories and methods like Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH), Random Walk Theory, fundamental and technical analyses have been proposed. These methods or combination of methods have not got as much success even yet because these methods are very complex and time consuming and performed well on short data. These days stock market users mostly rely on intelligent trading system which would be help them to predict share prices based on various situations and conditions. Data mining is a broad area and also supports various business intelligence techniques. It has mastery to raise various financial issues like buying/selling security, bond analysis, contract analyses etc. in this study various prediction techniques like linear regression, multiple regression, association rule mining, clustering, neural network have been proposed and their significant performances will be compared by Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) data.

scholarly journals The Monday effect on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange

1985 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Bhana
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Efficient Market Hypothesis ◽  
Investment Strategy ◽  
Weekend Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Expected Returns ◽  
Calendar Time ◽  
Expected Return ◽  
Average Return ◽  
Day Of The Week

The efficient market hypothesis submits that the expected returns on shares and other financial assets are identical for all the days of the week. Studies of share returns on the New York Stock Exchange have revealed that the expected returns are not identical for the various days of the week. This article examines two hypotheses that have attempted to explain the distribution of returns over different days of the week. The calendar-time hypothesis states that the expected return for Monday is three times the expected return for the other days of the week. The trading-time hypothesis states that the expected return is the same for each day of the week. During the period 1978-1983, the daily returns on shares traded on the JSE were inconsistent with both hypotheses. The average return for Monday was significantly negative while the average return for the other trading days was positive with Wednesday showing the highest return. Evidence is presented to show that Treasury Bills have the same weekend effect as share transactions. An investment strategy based on the observed pattern of share returns over different days of the week is suggested. The implications of the effect of day of the week for tests of market efficiency are examined.

Stock prices' long memory in China and the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengxun Tan ◽  
Yao Fu ◽  
Hong Cheng ◽  
Juan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Long Memory ◽  
Stock Markets ◽  
Information Disclosure ◽  
Structural Breaks ◽  
Efficient Market Hypothesis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chinese Stock Market ◽  
Content Type

PurposeThis study aims to examine the long memory as well as the effect of structural breaks in the US and the Chinese stock markets. More importantly, it further explores possible causes of the differences in long memory between these two stock markets.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ various methods to estimate the memory parameters, including the modified R/S, averaged periodogram, Lagrange multiplier, local Whittle and exact local Whittle estimations.FindingsChina's two stock markets exhibit long memory, whereas the two US markets do not. Furthermore, long memory is robust in Chinese markets even when we test break-adjusted data. The Chinese stock market does not meet the efficient market hypothesis (EMHs), including the efficiency of information disclosure, regulations and supervision, investors' behavior, and trading mechanisms. Therefore, its stock prices' sluggish response to information leads to momentum effects and long memory.Originality/valueThe authors elaborately illustrate how long memory develops by analyzing not only stock market indices but also typical individual stocks in both the emerging China and the developed US, which diversifies the EMH with wider international stylized facts and findings when compared with previous literature. A couple of tests conducted to analyze structural break effects and spurious long memory demonstrate the reliability of the results. The authors’ findings have significant implications for investors and policymakers worldwide.

scholarly journals Interdependence and Risk Comparison of Slovak, Hungarian and Polish Stock Markets: Policy and Managerial Implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Aliu ◽  
Besnik Krasniqi ◽  
Adriana Knapkova ◽  
Fisnik Aliu
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Markets ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Stock Index ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Average Return ◽  
Monetary System ◽  
Managerial Implications

Risk captured through the volatility of stock markets stands as the essential concern for financial investors. The financial crisis of 2008 demonstrated that stock markets are highly integrated. Slovakia, Hungary and Poland went through identical centralist economic arrangement, but nowadays operate under diverse stock markets, monetary system and tax structure. The study aims to measure the risk level of the Slovak Stock Market (SAX index), Budapest Stock Exchange (BUX index) and Poland Stock Market (WIG20 index) based on the portfolio diversification model. Results of the study provide information on the diversification benefits generated when SAX, BUX and WIG20 join their stock markets. The study considers that each stock index represents an independent portfolio. Portfolios are built to stand on the available companies that are listed on each stock index from 2007 till 2017. The results of the study show that BUX generates the lowest risk and highest weighted average return. In contrast, SAX is the riskiest portfolio but generates the lowest weighted average return. The results find that the stock prices of BUX have larger positive correlation than the stock prices of SAX. Moreover, the highest diversification benefits are realized when Portfolio SAX joins Portfolio BUX and the lowest diversification benefits are achieved when SAX joins WIG20.

scholarly journals Tangled String for Multi-Timescale Explanation of Changes in Stock Market

Information ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukio Ohsawa ◽  
Teruaki Hayashi ◽  
Takaaki Yoshino
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Change Points ◽  
Sequential Data ◽  
Visualization Tool ◽  
Data Market ◽  
Innovation Platform

This work addresses the question of explaining changes in the desired timescales of the stock market. Tangled string is a sequence visualization tool wherein a sequence is compared to a string and trends in the sequence are compared to the appearance of tangled pills and wires bridging the pills in the string. Here, the tangled string is extended and applied to detecting stocks that trigger changes and explaining trend changes in the market. Sequential data for 11 years from the First Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange regarding top-10 stocks with weekly increase rates are visualized using the tangled string. It was found that the change points obtained by the tangled string coincided well with changes in the average prices of listed stocks, and changes in the price of each stock are visualized on the string. Thus, changes in stock prices, which vary across a mixture of different timescales, could be explained in the time scale corresponding to interest in stock analysis. The tangled string was created using a data-driven innovation platform called Innovators Marketplace on Data Jackets, and is extended to satisfy data users here, so this study verifies the contribution of data market to data-driven innovation.

scholarly journals Value and growth stocks in Brazil: risks and returns for one - and two-dimensional portfolios under different economic conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (56) ◽  
pp. 189-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro da Rocha Santos ◽  
Roberto Marcos da Silva Montezano
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Risk Measure ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Efficient Market Hypothesis ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
High Price ◽  
Value Stocks ◽  
Growth Stocks

For empirical purposes, value stocks are usually defined as those traded at low price-to-earnings ratios (stock prices divided by earnings per share), low price-to-book ratios (stock prices divided by book value per share) or high dividend yields (dividends per share divided by stock prices). Growth stocks, on the other hand, are traded at high price-to-earnings ratios, high price-to-book ratios or low dividend yields. Academic research so far produced, international and Brazilian alike, shows that value stocks outperform growth stocks, challenging the Efficient Market Hypothesis, which states that the market prices of traded stocks are the best estimate of their intrinsic values. Most studies use a single ratio to sort stocks on percentiles; risks (generally defined as beta or standard deviations) and returns are then calculated for the resulting value and growth portfolios. In the present paper, we aim to further contribute to the growing literature on the field by applying a method not previously tested on the Brazilian market. We build portfolios sorted by the price-to-earnings and price-to-book ratios alone and by a combination of both in order to assess value and growth stocks' risks and returns on the Brazilian stock market between 1989 and 2009. Furthermore, our risk analysis may be regarded as the paper's main contribution, since its approach departs from conventional risk concepts, as we not only test for beta: portfolios' returns are measured under different economic conditions. Results support a pervasive value premium in the Brazilian stock market. Risk analysis shows that this premium holds under every economic condition analyzed, suggesting that value stocks are indeed less risky. Beta proved not to be a satisfactory risk measure. Portfolios sorted by the price-to-earnings ratio yielded the best results.

scholarly journals Random Walk Hypothesis for Stock Prices in Fiji

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Janesh Sami
Keyword(s):  
Random Walk ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Unit Root ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Structural Break ◽  
Weak Form ◽  
Efficient Market Hypothesis ◽  
Random Walk Hypothesis ◽  
Augmented Dickey Fuller ◽  
Historical Movement

The main goal of this paper is to investigate the random walk hypothesis in Fiji using monthly data from January 2000 to October 2017. Applying augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF 1979, 1981) and Phillips-Perron (1988), Zivot-Andrews (1992), and Narayan and Popp (2010) unit root tests, this study finds that stock prices is best characterized as non-stationary. The estimated multiple structural break dates in the stock prices corresponds with devaluation of Fijian dollar by 20 percent in 2009 and General Elections in September 2014, which Fiji First Party won by majority votes. The empirical results indicate that stock prices are best characterized as a unit root (random walk) process, indicating that the weak-form efficient market hypothesis holds in Fiji’s stock market. Hence, it will be difficult to predict future returns based on historical movement of stock prices in Fiji’s stock market.

scholarly journals An Empirical Analysis of the Efficient Market Hypothesis in China’s Stock Market

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Jiaxuan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Efficient Market Hypothesis ◽  
Security Market ◽  
Stock Trading ◽  
Efficient Market ◽  
Basic Framework

The efficient market hypothesis is one of the most important theories in finance. According to this hypothesis, in a stock market with sound laws, good functions, high transparencies, and extensive competitions, all valuable information is timely, accurately, and fully reflected in the trend of stock prices including the current and future values of enterprises. Unless there are market manipulations, it would be impossible for investors to gain more above the average profits in the market by analyzing former prices. Since the efficient market hypothesis has been introduced, it has become an interest in the empirical research of the security market. It is one of the most controversial investment theories and there are many evidences supporting and also opposing this hypothesis. Nevertheless, this hypothesis still holds an important status in the basic framework of mainstream theories in modern financial markets. By analyzing simulated investment transactions in regard to stock trading of three different enterprises, this paper verified that the efficient market hypothesis is partially valid.

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