scholarly journals Establishment of Fungal Decomposition Model Based on OLS and Logistic Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingkai Zhou ◽  
Bingjie Sun ◽  
Wentao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Model ◽  
Habitat Model ◽  
Tropical Rain Forests ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Fungal Decomposition ◽  
Systematic Cluster ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Do So

By using the OLS model, an equation for the rate of decomposing wood by a variety of fungi was established. We analyzed the effects of various fungi in the experimental data under different temperature and humidity. Based on the growth performance of different fungi at different temperatures and humidity, we use the method of systematic cluster to divide the fungi into 5 categories, and introduce competition levels as the viability of different species of fungi. We have established a logistic model that introduces competition levels to obtain a fungal habitat model. The fungal habitat model includes predictions about the relative advantages and disadvantages for each species and combinations of species likely to persist, and do so for different environments including arid, semi-arid, temperate, arboreal, and tropical rain forests.

Ants accelerate litter decomposition in a Costa Rican lowland tropical rain forest

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terrence P. McGlynn ◽  
Evan K. Poirson
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Tropical Rain Forests ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Litter Bags ◽  
Lowland Rain Forest

Abstract:The decomposition of leaf litter is governed, in part, by litter invertebrates. In tropical rain forests, ants are dominant predators in the leaf litter and may alter litter decomposition through the action of a top-down control of food web structure. The role of ants in litter decomposition was investigated in a Costa Rican lowland rain forest with two experiments. In a mesocosm experiment, we manipulated ant presence in 50 ambient leaf-litter mesocosms. In a litterbag gradient experiment, Cecropia obtusifolia litter was used to measure decomposition rate constants across gradients in nutrients, ant density and richness, with 27 separate litterbag treatments for total arthropod exclusion or partial arthropod exclusion. After 2 mo, mass loss in mesocosms containing ants was 30.9%, significantly greater than the 23.5% mass loss in mesocosms without ants. In the litter bags with all arthropods excluded, decomposition was best accounted by the carbon: phosphorus content of soil (r2 = 0.41). In litter bags permitting smaller arthropods but excluding ants, decomposition was best explained by the local biomass of ants in the vicinity of the litter bags (r2 = 0.50). Once the microarthropod prey of ants are permitted to enter litterbags, the biomass of ants near the litterbags overtakes soil chemistry as the regulator of decomposition. In concert, these results support a working hypothesis that litter-dwelling ants are responsible for accelerating litter decomposition in lowland tropical rain forests.

scholarly journals Resilience of tropical rain forests: tree community reassembly in secondary forests

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Norden ◽  
Robin L. Chazdon ◽  
Anne Chao ◽  
Yi-Huei Jiang ◽  
Braulio Vílchez-Alvarado
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Tropical Rain Forests ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Tree Community ◽  
Community Reassembly

Resource allocation to reproductive organs during masting in the tropical emergent tree, Dipterocarpus tempehes

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoaki Ichie ◽  
Tanaka Kenta ◽  
Michiko Nakagawa ◽  
Kaori Sato ◽  
Tohru Nakashizuka
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Nutrient Cycle ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Tropical Rain Forests ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Mass Flowering ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Dipterocarp Forests ◽  
Interspecific Synchronization

Some tree species exhibit large year-to-year variation in seed production, a phenomenon known as masting (Kelly 1994, Kelly & Sork 2002). Even in tropical rain forests, in which the climate is suitable for plant growth all year round with little seasonal variation (Whitmore 1998), there are many reports of masting (Appanah 1993, Hart 1995, Newbery et al. 1998, Newstrom et al. 1994, Wheelwright 1986). In particular, Dipterocarpaceae, the dominant family in lowland mixed dipterocarp forests in South-East Asia, undergo mast fruiting following mass-flowering with strong interspecific synchronization in aseasonal western Malesia (Appanah 1985, 1993; Ashton 1989, Ashton et al. 1988, Curran et al. 1999, Janzen 1974, Medway 1972, Sakai et al. 1999, Whitmore 1998, Wood 1956). In mixed-dipterocarp forests, dipterocarp species contribute more than 70% of the canopy biomass (Bruenig 1996, Curran & Leighton 2000). Masting of dipterocarp species is therefore likely to have a major impact on animal populations, and also on the nutrient cycle in such forest ecosystems by causing fluctuations in the availability of resources (Sakai 2002).

scholarly journals Extraction of non-timber forest products from tropical rain forests. Does diversity come at a price?

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.G.A. Boot
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Tropical Rain Forests ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
The Impact

Tropical rain forests are rich in plant and animal species. The sustainable extraction of non-timber forest products has been advocated as a strategy to best conserve this diversity. However, the development and implementation of such exploitation systems, which aim to reconcile conservation and economic development, are still hampered by the lack of information on the biological sustainability of these systems, the impact of these exploitation systems on the biological diversity and the insufficient knowledge of the role of forest products in the household economy of forest dependent people and hence their prospects for economic development. Whether the exploitation of non-timber forest products from tropical rain forests is sustainable or not is still open to question, but data presently available on the biological, social and economic aspects of these extraction systems point at an interesting question: does diversity come at a price? Namely, low density of conspecifics, and thus products, and hence low productivity for those involved in the collection of forest resources. The paper will further discuss whether domestication of forest species provides an alternative for some of these species. Species are part of a complex ecosystem and their functioning is partly depended on the presence of other species in the system. The attributes of the species which have to be taken into account in order to make domestication of forest species successful are considered. Finally, the paper returns to the question of how to reconcile conservation and use of tropical rain forests. It will present a case for domesticating the forest instead of the species or, in other words, changing the forest composition without changing its structure and functioning, and maintaining acceptable levels of biodiversity.

scholarly journals Test Gas Generation from Pure Liquids: An Application-Oriented Overview of Methods in a Nutshell

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Li ◽  
Tim Täffner ◽  
Michael Bischoff ◽  
Bernd Niemeyer
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Test Gas ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Accuracy And Stability

The generation of test gas from pure liquids has a wide variety of applications in laboratory and field experiments, for which the quality of the test gas is of significance. Therefore, various methods for test gas generation have been designed. Each method has unique advantages and disadvantages. Thus, a short overview is presented within the scope of this paper. Furthermore, a common bubbler system is presented, which was built to generate test gas from volatile organic compounds for experimental usage in laboratory applications. An analysis is conducted with respect to the generated concentrations at different temperatures and flow rates of the diluting gas. Accuracy and stability of this method are investigated.

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