scholarly journals Space-time dynamics of the Minawao plant cover and surrounding area (Far North, Cameroon)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-115
Author(s):  
Paul Kodji ◽  
Tchobsala ◽  
Adamou Ibrahima
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Tamarindus Indica ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Time Dynamics ◽  
Far North ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Acacia Albida ◽  
The Village

The study, which covered "study the dynamics of the Minawao vegetation cover and its surroundings (Far North, Cameroon), took place in five villages: Minawao, Gawar, Sabongari, Windé and Zamay. The main objective was to help manage the impacts of populations on the Minawao vegetation cover and its surroundings in order to improve the living conditions of refugees and local populations. In each village, floristic surveys were carried out in 5 plants formations (shrub savannah, forest gallery, tree savannah, field and dwellings). For satellite images, the 14-year interval (2006 to 2020) was retained. Analysis of the data identified 23 species, 21 gender and 14 families over the 120 hectares of study area. The annual rate of regression indicates that the village of Minawao and the river side villages are experiencing more degradation after the settlement of refugees than before, with their respective regression rates of -10.81 ha/year and -8.93 ha/year. The maximum carbon is stored by Acacia albida (11.77 tC/ha) and Tamarindus indica (8.11 t/ha). The total amount of carbon in this area is 32.32 tC/ha.

scholarly journals Diversité et usages des plantes ligneuses des agrosystèmes périphériques de la ville de Maroua (Extrême-Nord, Cameroun)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 966-982
Author(s):  
Claudette Baye Niwah ◽  
Gilbert Todou ◽  
Konsala Souare ◽  
Abassi Abdoulaye ◽  
Sakitai Bay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Acacia Nilotica ◽  
Ziziphus Mauritiana ◽  
Tamarindus Indica ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Balanites Aegyptiaca ◽  
Far North ◽  
Sclerocarya Birrea ◽  
Acacia Albida

Une étude a été menée en périphérie de Maroua (Extrême-Nord, Cameroun) dans le but de contribuer à une gestion durable des ressources végétale sahélienne. Cette étude a identifié et a calculé la diversité des plantes ligneuses des champs de case suivant un dispositif de 20 quadrats (50 m x 50 m) dans cinq localités. Elle a aussi déterminé les catégories d’usage et les organes récoltés de chaque plante utilisée. La Méthode Accélérée de Recherche Participative (MARP) a été reprise pour collecter les données ethnobotaniques auprès de 100 ménages. Les analyses des résultats obtenus ont montré que les champs de case comportent au total, 38 espèces (26 plantes locales) réparties dans 27 genres et 26 familles. Les familles les plus abondantes ont été Méliacées (32,26%) et Mimosacées (29,26%). Acacia nilotica, Acacia albida, Balanites aegyptiaca, Moringa oleifara, Sclerocarya birrea, Tamarindus indica et Ziziphus mauritiana sont les espèces locales les plus utilisées (au moins quatre catégories d’usages). Les résultats ont montré que les champs de case peuvent être des bons systèmes de valorisation et de conservation des plantes locales.Mots clés : Champs de case, plantes ligneuses, enquête ethnobotanique et socio-économique, valorisation, usage durable.   English Title: Diversity and uses of woody plants from peripheral agro-systems in the city of Maroua (Far North, Cameroon)A study was conducted around Maroua (Far North, Cameroon) with the aim of contributing to sustainable management of Sahelian plant resources. This study identified and calculated the diversity of woody plants in village fields using a system of 20 quadrats (50 mx 50 m) in five localities. It also determined the categories of use and the organs harvested from each plant used. The Accelerated Participatory Research Method (MARP) was used to collect ethnobotanical data from 100 households. Analyzes of the results obtained have shown that the village fields contain in total 38 species (26 native plants) in 27 genera and 26 families. The most abundant families were Meliaceae (32.26%) and Mimosaceae (29.26%). Acacia nilotica, Acacia albida, Balanites aegyptiaca, Moringa oleifara, Sclerocarya birrea, Tamarindus indica and Ziziphus mauritiana found to be the most commonly used local species (at least four categories of uses). The results showed that village field can be good systems for the recovery and conservation of native plants.Keywords: Village field, woody plants, ethnobotanical and socio-economic survey, valorization, sustainable use.  

MOSAICITY OF THE VEGETATION COVER OF THE KOCHUBEY BIOSPHERE STATION PASTURES

1970 ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
М. А. Babaeva ◽  
S. V. Osipova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Fodder Plants ◽  
Falcaria Vulgaris

The regularities of changes in the resistance of different groups of fodder plants to adverse conditions were studied. This is due to the physiological properties that allow them to overcome the harmful effects of the environment. As a result of research species - plant groups with great adaptive potential to the harsh continental semi-desert conditions were identified. Monitoring observation and experimental studies showed too thin vegetation cover as a mosaic, consisting of perennial xerophytic herbs and semishrubs, sod grasses, saltwort and wormwood, as well as ephemera and ephemeroids under the same environmental conditions, depending on various climatic and anthropogenic factors. This is due to the inability or instability of plant species to aggressive living environment. It results in horizontal heterogeneity of the grass stand, division into smaller structures, and mosaic in the vegetation cover of the Kochubey biosphere station. The relative resistance to moderate stress was identified in the following species from fodder plants Agropyron cristatum, A. desertorum, Festuca valesiaca, Cynodon dactylon, Avena fatua; as for strong increasing their abundance these are poorly eaten plant species Artemisia taurica, Atriplex tatarica, Falcaria vulgaris, Veronica arvensis, Arabidopsis thaliana and other. On the site with an increasing pressure in the herbage of phytocenoses the number of xerophytes of ruderal species increases and the spatial structure of the vegetation cover is simplified. In plant communities indigenous species are replaced by adventive plant species. The mosaic of the plant cover of phytocenoses arises due to the uneven distribution in the space of environmental formation, i.e. an edificatory: Salsola orientalis, S. dendroides, Avena fatua, Cynodon dactylon, Artemisia taurica, A. lercheanum, Xanthium spinosum, Carex pachystyli, under which the remaining components of the community adapt. Based on the phytocenotic indicators of pasture phytocenoses it can be concluded that the vegetation cover is in the stage of ecological stress and a decrease in the share of fodder crops and an increase in the number of herbs indicates this fact.

scholarly journals Vegetation cover and small mammals as the components of biocoenosis in the conditions of the Volga Upland

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Elena Evgenievna Boryakova
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Distinct Group ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
The Village

The study of the nature reserve oak forest near the village of Pelya-Khovanskaya ecosystem was done in the region of Nizhny Novgorod. The investigated wood is unique for its complex structure. It is situated in the forest-steppe zone, characterized by a high species diversity of small mammals and vegetation, which indicates the complexity of trophic and spatial connections. Several series of sample plots were described: 41 of 2020 m and a number of 11 m sites, totaling 300. Abundance of species by Brown-Blanke scale and the number of specimens of adolescence were specified for each 1 sq. m. plot. Mammals were trapped with the help of trapping grooves and transects method. Vegetation cover is characterized by the presence of a clear intra-differentiation as well as the existence of two basic ecologo-coenotic groups/cores - the nemoral (with Pulmonaria obscura Dum. as the center species of the core) and the meadow-fringe. The most distinct group is formed by forest-shoot species. It can be explained by more forest-steppe rather than nemoral nature of vegetation. Small mammals are represented by the following species: common and small shrews, small forest mouse, yellow-throated and field mice and harvest mouse, vole-housekeeper, common, plowed and red voles, European mole. Two species among them - vole-housekeeper and mouse-baby - are listed in the Red Book of the Nizhny Novgorod Region. Matching burrows of mouse-like rodents with soil richness with nitrogen and humidity, two well-defined peaks are observed. The greatest number of burrows is found in places where the soil is high in nitrogen. Moles were found in areas with a large projective coating of Primula veris: coefficient Spearman rank 0,50. There was a negative correlation of the number of moles and vegetation covering of Pyrethrum corymbosum (-0,46), which is the marker of the driest parts in the forest. In general, the nature reserve oak forest near the village of Pelya-Khovanskaya is of considerable interest, both from botanical and from zoological point of view. Long-term studies of biocoenosis will allow to monitor the facility and to correct the proposed protective measures.

From abundance to land scarcity

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-106
Author(s):  
Camilla Toulmin
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Irrigation Scheme ◽  
Aerial Photos ◽  
Office Du Niger ◽  
Bird Damage ◽  
The Village ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Village Population

How could the village of Dlonguébougou (DBG), which boasted abundant land in 1980, find itself land scarce just 25 years later? The answer lies in part with a tripling of the village population, the widespread use of oxen-drawn plough teams, and continued extensive patterns of farming. But, by far, the largest factor has been the arrival of many hundred incoming farmers from farther south, seeking land. Aerial photos and satellite images show the first wave in the late 1980s, from villages badly affected by bird damage to cereal crops, given their proximity to the irrigated lands of the Office du Niger, and the second wave unleashed by the establishment of N-Sukala, a sugar cane plantation 40 km to the southeast of DBG. Hundreds of families have lost their farmland to this irrigation scheme, and have migrated to seek land in neighbouring villages like DBG, putting further pressure on land.

An Athena Parthenos from Cilicia

1977 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hector Williams
Keyword(s):  
Central Portion ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Round Base ◽  
The Village

In the winter of 1974 farmers working in their fields near the village of Selimiye about fifteen kilometres south-east of Ceyhan uncovered a small round limestone altar bearing an image in relief of the goddess Athena (Pl. XVII a). The form and attributes of the figure—left hand on shield, left leg slightly bent, Nike on right hand, aegis on breast—clearly indicate that the relief owes much to Pheidias' great chryselephantine statue in Athens. It may thus be added to a considerable number of representations dating back to Hellenistic times that show the interest in Pheidias' masterpiece in southeastern Asia Minor. In itself it is important as an addition to the handful of reliefs depicting one of the most famous monuments of antiquity.The altar joins a number of other similar monuments, mostly funerary in nature, of varying dimensions in the Adana regional museum. Its height is 0·64 m., its diameter at the base 0·38 m. It consists of a flat round base supporting a series of mouldings (torus, cyma reversa, fillet—Fig. 1a), a central drum divided unequally into a lower and a slightly projecting upper section, a further series of mouldings (fillet, ovolo—Fig. 1b) above which rises a biconical rim with flattened edge, a short continuation of the drum and finally a capping moulding (much mutilated in our specimen). The top is slightly convex with a shallow, rough depression in the middle 0·011 m. deep and 0·11 m. in diameter. Except for the relief and surrounding area the whole stone is dressed down with a claw chisel. There is some entasis apparent in the central portion of the drum.

Space Technology in Assessing the Ecology of Disturbed Lands at Diamond Deposits in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
I.V. Zen’kov ◽  
P.M. Kondrashov ◽  
A.S. Morin ◽  
V.N. Vokin ◽  
E.V. Kiryushina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Space Technology ◽  
Open Method ◽  
Ecological Balance ◽  
Diamond Mining ◽  
Continental Climate

The results of processing satellite images of mining landscapes formed during the extraction and processing of diamond-containing ore are presented, the coefficients of self-restoration of vegetation cover are determined. It has been established that in the conditions of a sharply continental climate, transitioning to a subpolar one, at intensive rates of developing diamond deposits by an open method, all types of vegetation cover are slowly forming, which does not meet the requirements for restoring the ecological balance when conducting business with diamond mining enterprises.

Resource Partitioning in Two Coexisting Sunfish: Pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus) and Northern Longear Sunfish (Lepomis megalotis peltastes)

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1411-1420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis R. Laughlin ◽  
Earl E. Werner
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Lepomis Gibbosus ◽  
Sediment Type ◽  
Vegetation Density ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Sparse Vegetation ◽  
Lepomis Megalotis ◽  
Longear Sunfish

Qualitative surveys of 22 lakes in southern Michigan indicated that relative abundances of the northern longear sunfish (Lepomis megalotis peltastes) and pumpkinseed (L. gibbosus) depended upon amount of plant cover and sediment type. The longear sunfish occurred only in lakes with marl sediments and regions of sparse vegetation cover. The pumpkinseed occurred in all lakes surveyed and increased in abundance in lakes with greater vegetation density and/or more organic sediments. Quantitative measurements of habitat and food use were made in five lakes with sympatric populations. Data from underwater transects indicated that large (> 75 mm standard length) longear sunfish occurred primarily in shallow regions containing moderate to low vegetation cover whereas large pumpkinseeds were concentrated in deeper areas with heavy vegetation cover. The smaller size-classes of both species occupied the vegetation in deeper areas of the littoral zone. Large longears consumed predominantly large, sediment-dwelling mayfly or odonate nymphs regardless of the lake or habitat types. Pumpkinseeds consumed mainly gastropods and other prey from the vegetation. Preliminary studies of seasonal food use indicated that the pumpkinseed and longear sunfish both consumed more food in the spring and exhibited greater overlap in diet during this period. The relationship between foraging behaviors of these two species and the types of prey consumed is discussed as well as the complications of assessing competition between species when food and habitat use are dependent on size.Key words: Habitat use, size-class, lake types, food overlap, competition, Lepomis, Michigan

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