scholarly journals Respons Lima Varietas Kubis (Brassica oleracea L.) Terhadap Serangan Hama Pemakan Daun Plutella Xylostella ( Lepidoptera ; Plutellidae)

Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry. N Luhukay ◽  
Muhammad Riadh Uluputty ◽  
Ria Y Rumthe

Efforts to increase crop production often faced difficulty with pests and diseases. The use of high yielding varieties can be an alternative control. This study aimed to determine the population and intensity of pest damage Plutella xylostella on five varieties of cabbage (Brassica oleraceae L.). The experiment was conducted in the village Waipirit in October 2012 until January 2013. The study was designed using a randomized block design with five treatments, namely cabbage as the Grand 11, KK-Cross, Green Coronet, Green Hero, and Investor. The results showed that Investors were varieties that were resistant to pests Plutella xylostella, indicated by low population groups such as eggs 2.75, 16.55 tails larvae and 1.95 tails pupae, and the low intensity of leaf damage 28.51% which was classified medium.

Author(s):  
Shaik Moizur Rahman ◽  
K Vijayalakshmi ◽  
Ch. V. Durga Rani ◽  
S. Ameer Basha ◽  
C. Srinivas

A screening experiment of forty germplasm lines was conducted at College Farm, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad in rabi, 2019-20 and was laid in Randomized block design (RBD) having two replicates. Three germplasm lines viz., ICGV 16679 (13.71% leaf damage), ICGV 07222 (14.00% leaf damage) and ICGV 93468 (14.25% leaf damage) showed greater resistance than the resistant check, ICGV 86031 (15.04% leaf damage) against tobacco caterpillar and with respect to resistance against leaf miner, no germplasm line was found to be superior than the resistant check, ICGV 86031 (7.82% leaf damage). However, the germplasm line, ICGV 02266 (8.35% leaf damage) was next best to the resistant check. The various morphological and biochemical characters were recorded and correlated with insect pest damage and incidence to know their role in imparting resistance/susceptibility. Resistance to various insect pests in germplasm lines was due to significantly higher trichome density on leaf lamina, higher phenol and tannin content.


Agrikultura ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
N. Usyati ◽  
Nia Kurniawati ◽  
Ade Ruskandar ◽  
Oco Rumasa

ABSTRACTPest and natural enemy population in three different rice cultivation in Sukamandi RegionSome on limiting factors in rice production include the cultivation system and pest damage. To suppress the damage, several control techniques have been applied, such as technical culture. The aim of this study was to gain information on population and pest damage, as well as natural enemy population in three different rice cultivation systems. The study was arranged in Randomized Block Design with three treatment and 9 replications. The treatments were: 1) organic rice cultivation, 2) semi organic, and 3) farmer technique. The used rice variety was Inpari 30. The plot size was 6 m x 90 m. The variables observed included population and pest damage, natural enemy population, and rice yields. Thirthy two rice hills were observed randomly in diagonal direction, with 2 weeks interval from two weeks after transplanting until harvest. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance (Anova) and the difference among the treatments was evaluated with Duncan multiple area test at 5% level. The results showed that brown plant hoppers population on organic rice cultivation is lower than semi-organic rice cultivation and farmer technique, but there were no difference of natural enemy population among treatments. The lowest yield was obtained from the organic rice cultivation (2.67 t/ha).Keywords: Rice cultivation, Pests, Natural enemiesABSTRAKBeberapa faktor pembatas produksi padi diantaranya adalah cara budidaya dan adanya serangan hama. Untuk menekan serangan hama, beberapa teknik pengendalian telah diterapkan diantaranya adalah pengendalian secara kultur teknis (cara budidaya). Pada MT-2 tahun 2016, penelitian dengan tujuan mendapatkan informasi mengenai populasi dan serangan hama, serta populasi musuh alami pada tiga cara budidaya padi telah dilakukan di lahan kebun percobaan Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi Sukamandi. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga cara budidaya dan diulang sebanyak sembilan kali. Adapun cara budidaya yang digunakan terdiri atas:1) budidaya padi organik; 2) semi organik; 3) cara petani. Varietas yang digunakan adalah Inpari 30. Ukuran plot 6 m x 90 m. Variabel yang diamati meliputi populasi dan tingkat serangan hama, populasi musuh alami, dan hasil panen. Pengamatan dilakukan secara langsung di pertanaman pada 32 rumpun sampel secara acak diagonal dengan interval dua minggu sekali mulai umur tanaman dua minggu setelah tanam sampai menjelang panen. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan analisis ragam (Anova) dan perbedaan antar perlakuan dievaluasi dengan uji wilayah berganda Duncan pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa populasi hama wereng coklat pada cara budidaya padi organik lebih rendah dibandingkan cara budidaya padi semi organik dan budidaya padi cara petani, tetapi tidak ada perbedaan populasi musuh alami pada cara budidaya padi organik, cara budidaya padi semi organik dan budidaya padi cara petani. Hasil panen terendah (2,67 t/ha) terlihat pada perlakuan budidaya padi organik.Kata Kunci: Budidaya padi, Hama, Musuh alami


2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Sartono Putrasamedja ◽  
Wiwin Setiawati ◽  
L Lukman ◽  
Ahsol Hasyim

<p>Perkembangan varietas-varietas bawang merah di suatu daerah ditentukan oleh keserasian dengan lingkungan, potensi hasil, toleransi terhadap serangan organisme pengganggu tumbuhan (OPT), serta umur dan mutu hasil. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji penampilan beberapa klon bawang merah dan hubungannya dengan intensitas serangan OPT penting. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Brebes dan Tegal (Jawa Tengah) dari Bulan Juni sampai dengan September 2011. Perlakuan yang diuji ialah 10 klon bawang merah hasil silangan tahun 2004 dan 2005, serta dua varietas bawang merah sebagai pembanding (Bauji dan Bima Brebes). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan ialah acak kelompok dan diulang tiga kali. Parameter yang diamati ialah pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan jumlah anakan), hasil panen, dan serangan OPT penting. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa klon no. 2005/1 dapat beradaptasi dengan baik di Brebes dan Tegal, mampu menghasilkan produksi tertinggi masing-masing sebesar 9,95 dan 17,50 t/ha, mempunyai diameter umbi terbesar (1,87 dan 2,41 cm), bentuk umbi bulat, dan berwarna merah tua, sedangkan klon no. 2004/11 mempunyai pertumbuhan dan  produktivitas yang tinggi, relatif toleran terhadap serangan Spodoptera exigua, Alternaria porri, dan Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, diameter umbi (1,67 dan 1,96 cm), bentuk umbi bulat,  dan berwarna merah tua, sedangkan klon no. 2004/10 dan no. 2005/19 sangat rentan terhadap serangan hama S. exigua, penyakit A. porri, dan C. gloeosporioides. Klon-klon yang mempunyai tingkat serangan rendah/toleran terhadap OPT merupakan klon harapan bawang merah toleran/tahan OPT. Namun demikian, penggunaan pestisida sesuai dengan konsep pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT) masih tetap diperlukan terutama apabila serangan OPT tersebut mencapai ambang pengendalian yang ditetapkan.</p><p> </p><p>The development of shallots varieties in one location depends on the genetic adaptability, yield potential,  tolerance to pest and diseases, harvest date, yield and quality. The aim of study was to evaluate 10 clones and two local clones as check, Bima Brebes and Bauji were conducted in Brebes and Tegal (Central Java) from June to September 2011. The trial were laid out in a completely randomized block design and each treatment was replicated three times. The parameters used for evaluating these clones were plant height, no. of sprout,  no. of leaves, yield and pests and diseases incidence. The results showed that considering overall performance, clone no. 2005/1 gave the highest yield (9.95 and 17.50 t/ha), and diameter of bulb (1.87 and 2.41 cm) in Brebes and Tegal respectively, clone no. 2004/11 produced growth and good yield  and showed tolerance to Spodoptera exigua, Alternaria porri, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, bulb diameter (1.67 and 1.96 cm) with dark red color,  while clone no. 2004/10 and no. 2005/19 were identified as the most susceptible clones to S. exigua, A. porri, and C. gloeosporioides. This suggests that some of shallots clones could be good candidates for the new varieties of shallots. However, the use of pesticides in IPM concept were still needed especially if the incidence of pests and diseases reach the action threshold.</p>


Author(s):  
Sanjeet Kumar ◽  
R. K. Sahu ◽  
R. K. Thakur ◽  
Bablu Yaduwanshi ◽  
N. G. Mitra

The present study was carried out during kharif season 2019-20 at the Research Farm, Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh (INDIA), to assess the effect of microbial inoculants on plant attributes and nutrients uptake by soybean in Vertisols. The experiment was laid out under randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. The 15 treatments comprised of different beneficial microbial consortia in possible combinations applied as seed treatments. The crop was supplemented with recommended dose of fertilizers 20 N : 80 P2O5 : 20 K2O kg ha-1. Besides these, two control plots were maintained as fertilized un-inoculated control (FUI) and unfertilized un-inoculated control (UFUI). The findings revealed that the significant improvement were noticed by the application of consortia NPK+EM+PGPR in plant growth attributes of nodulation at 25, 45 & 65 DAS (71, 70 & 59% respectively), over control (9.5, 33.4 & 34.7 nodule plant-1) and its biomass, (62, 69 & 74% respectively),over the control  (0.58, 1.16 & 0.99 g plant-1),  plant height at 25, 45 & 65DAS were increased 61, 40, 41% respectively, over the control (16.20, 34.90 and 44.30 cm) and plant biomass, (48, 62 & 53%), over the control 1.67, 4.73 and 6.1 g plant-1. Similarly, nutrient uptake (seed & stover) were also increased at 25, 45 and 65 stages of crop growth, with 36.6, 34.8 & 51.3% in seed and 66.7, 98.2 & 67.2% in straw respectively over the control (98.5, 63.8, 5.2, and 7.4, 24.9 and 44.4 kg ha-1 respectively). Thus, it may be concluded that the consortium of NPK + EM + PGPR was superior for sustainable crop production and soil health.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Ni'matuljannah Akhsan

ABSTRACT The aim of this research is to control environmentally friendly soybean pod borer by utilizing plants in swamps as a vegetable insecticide, namely Kepayang (Pangiumedule). The study was conducted on tidal land in the Village of Kiri Dalam, Barambai District, Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan Province. The study was designed in a randomized block design with 5 replications. The treatment is; 1. Kepayang leaf extract, 2. Without control, 3.Neem plant extract, 4. Chloriliprol insecticide. The results showed that the Kepayang leaf extract can be used as a botanical insecticide controlling soybean pod borer because it can suppress soybean pod attack by up to 62% and is no different from the Chloriliprol insecticide treatment by 64%. Keywords: Applications, Swamp Plants, Boring Pods Borers, Tidal Swamps


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Marida Santi Yudha Ika Bayu ◽  
Yusmani Prayogo ◽  
Gatut Wahyu Anggoro Susanto

The main constraints to increase mungbean production in Indonesia are pests and diseases. The application of integrated biological agents can improve the efficacy of controlling the mungbean pests and diseases. The study aimed to determine the efficacy of integrated biological agents to suppress mungbean pests and diseases. This field research was conducted from May to July 2018 using a randomized block design with seven treatments and four replicates. The treatments were: T1 = Trichol + NSP, T2 = Trichol + SlNPV, T3 = Trichol + NSP + SlNPV, T4 = Trichol + NSP + SlNPV + BeBas, T5 = Trichol + NSP + SlNPV + BeBas + GE, T6 = chemical pesticides, and T7 = control. The results showed that the highest efficacy occurred in T4 and T5 treatments which saved the yield loss from major pests and diseases attack, and did not differ significantly with chemical pesticides (T6). Treatments T4 was able to reduce the development of soil borne diseases by 3% and suppress Spodoptera litura attack by 9.8% as compared to chemical treatment. T4 was also more efficient than T5 because it uses less biological agents. The advantage of biological agents is compatible if they were used together with predators such as Oxyopes sp., Paederus sp. and Coccinella sp; and also Telenomus sp. and Trichogramma sp. parasitoids. On the other hand, the chemical pesticides (T6) killed all existing natural enemies. Therefore, T4 could be recommended for controlling mungbean pests and diseases.


2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf Limbongan ◽  
Fadjry Djufry

<p>Local rice of Toraja Plateau, such as Pare Bau&amp;amp;rsquo;, Pare Kombong, Pare Lallodo, Pare Ambo&amp;amp;rsquo;, and Pare Lea, is one source of organic food which may improve national food security in the future. In order to determine the character and superiority of these five accsessions, characterization, and observation had been conducted in North Toraja and Tana Toraja district in 2011&amp;amp;ndash;2013. Observation was carried out on five genotypes of local superior rice and one genotype as check variety (Cisantana variety). The experiment used randomized block design that was repeated five times, therefore 30 plots were observed. The parameters of observations consist of the growth components, yield components, productivity, nutrient content, flavor and aroma, and resistance to pests and diseases. The results showed that the five accessions have morphological difference, sharp and distinctive aroma, delicious/fluffier taste, resistance to pest, good adaptability to the plateau (700&amp;amp;ndash;2.000 m above sea level), high protein content, low fiber and glucose content, high vitamin B content, and delicious rice. Heritability values for all components of quantitative trait were ranged from moderate to high.</p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Padi lokal dataran tinggi di Tana Toraja, antara lain Pare Bau&amp;rsquo;, Pare Kombong, Pare Lallodo, Pare Ambo&amp;rsquo;, dan Pare Lea, merupakan salah satu sumber pangan organik dalam rangka meningkatkan ketahanan pangan nasional pada masa yang akan datang. Untuk mengetahui karakter dan keunggulannya, telah dilakukan karakterisasi dan observasi kelima aksesi tersebut di Kabupaten Toraja Utara dan Tana Toraja tahun 2011&amp;ndash;2013. Observasi dilakukan terhadap lima genotipe padi unggul lokal serta satu genotipe pembanding, yaitu varietas Cisantana. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang diulang 5 kali sehingga terdapat 30 petak observasi. Pengamatan dilakukan pada komponen pertumbuhan, komponen hasil, produktivitas, kandungan gizi, rasa, dan aroma, ketahanan terhadap hama dan penyakit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelima aksesi berbeda secara morfologi, memiliki aroma yang tajam dan khas, rasa nasi yang enak/pulen, tahan terhadap OPT, daya adaptasinya baik pada dataran tinggi (700&amp;ndash;2.000 m dpl), kandungan protein tinggi, kandungan serat dan glukosa rendah, kandungan vitamin B tinggi, dan rasa nasi enak/enak sekali. Nilai heritabilitas untuk semua komponen kuantitatif berkisar antara kriteria sedang sampai tinggi.</p>


2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evriani Mareza ◽  
Zainal Ridho Djafar ◽  
Rujito Agus Suwignyo ◽  
Dan Andi Wijaya

<p>ABSTRACT<br /><br />The morphophysiology of ratoon is different from the main plant of rice and was influenced by location and cultivation.This research was intended to evaluate morphophysiology characters of rice ratoon planted by direct seeding system in tidal swamp at various stubble cutting height. The experiment was conducted in November 2013-April 2014 at tidal swamp overflow type B in Telang Sari Village, District of Tanjung Lago, Banyuasin, South Sumatra Province. The experiment used randomized block design with 5 replications. Treatment was stubble cutting height 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 cm above the soil surface. Rice was planted at 4 m x 5 m plot, the distance between plot 1 m. Data were analyzed by test of variance and 5% HSD test. Morphophysiological characters of rice ratoon were influenced by stubble cutting height. Cutting height of 20-40 cm above soil surface increased the ratoon number of tillers per hill, leaf area per hill, dry weight per hill, percentage of empty grains per panicle, grain weight per hill and percentage ratoon/main crop production per hill. The higher stubble cutting, the lower the number of leaves per tiller, leaf area per tiller, carbohydrate content, and number of grains per panicle of ratoon, however it accelerated age of flowering and harvesting. <br /><br />Keywords: direct seeding system, ratoon system, rice growth and production, stubble cutting height<br /><br /></p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 911 (1) ◽  
pp. 012005
Author(s):  
Wira Hadianto ◽  
Dewi Junita ◽  
Yuliatul Muslimah ◽  
Nana Ariska ◽  
Sumeinika Fitria Lizmah ◽  
...  

Abstract Aceh has a lot of local rice genotypes that locally cultivated in West- South Region Aceh. The potential of local rice as a source of genes have not been evaluated and identified of drought tolerance. Abiotic stresses such as drought are serious things that affected plant productivity. This study aimed to determine the drought tolerance of several potential local rice genotypes in South-West Region Aceh as parents (P1) in order to become the basic population in creating the new high yielding varieties that were resistant to drought. This study was carried out in Randomized Block Design (RDB) with 3 replications. The observed variables were: Plant height and Number of tiller per clumps at 10, 20, 30 and 40 days after planting, root length, number of roots, wet and dry weight of roots at days 40 after planting. The study found that the treatment of drought stress significantly affect the plant height and number of tillers, best result was found at rangan lango genotype. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there are 3 genotypes of local West-South Aceh region that are potentially resistant to drought stress in the vegetative Stage, namely the Lango genotype, Arias genotype and Pade Manggeng genotype.


EUGENIA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Rante ◽  
D. T. Sembel ◽  
E. R.M. Meray ◽  
M. M. Ratulangi ◽  
M. F. Dien ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT   The experiment was conducted in the village of Touure, Tompaso District, Minahasa regency since April to August 2013. Designed studies using randomized block design with 3 treatments, namely fruit extract Bitung (treatment A), tuba root extract (treatment B) and water (control treatment), each treatment was repeated 3 times. Results showed that that the extract of Barringtonia asiatica and Derris elliptica has a botanical insecticide to control the properties of N. tenuis. Applications B. asiatica extract and D. elliptica were not significantly different, but both are significantly different from controls. In addition to N. tenuis found several Plant Pest Organisms (OPT) that attack tomato plants including pest Liriomyza sp., leafhoppers tomatoes., black stem base diseases, leaf spot diseases and viral diseases. Key words : Botanic Insecticide, Tomato pest control ABSTRAK   Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Toure, Kecamatan Tompaso, Kabupaten Minahasa sejak bulan April sampai dengan Agustus 2013.  Penelitian dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 3 perlakuan yaitu ekstrak buah bitung (perlakuan A), ekstrak akar tuba (perlakuan B) dan air (perlakuan kontrol) yang masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahwa ekstrak Barringtonia asiatica dan Derris elliptica memiliki sifat insektisida botanis untuk mengendalikan N. tenuis. Aplikasi ekstrak B. asiatica dan D. elliptica tidak berbeda nyata, namun keduanya berbeda nyata dengan kontrol.  Selain N. tenuis ditemukan juga beberapa Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman (OPT) yang menyerang tanaman tomat diantaranya hama Liriomyza sp., wereng tomat., penyakit pangkal batang hitam, penyakit bercak daun dan penyakit virus. Kata kunci : Insektisida botanis, pengendalian hama tanaman tomat


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