scholarly journals Hubungan Umara dan Ulama dalam Membentuk Kehidupan Sosio-Relijius di Aceh Darussalam Masa Sultan Iskandar Muda (The Relation of Umara and Ulama in Shaping Socio-Religious life in Aceh Darussalam under Sultan Iskandar Muda’s Period)

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Gazali Gazali
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Social System ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spiritual Life ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Islamic Rituals

ABSTRACTUmara (the ruler) and ulama (islamic scolar) are two elite groups which are showing an elemental instrument for developing Aceh Darussalam. In the age of Iskandar Muda, there is a truly work-grouping which are filling with many work of them. In the capital kingdom, Hamzah Fansuri and Syamsuddin as-Sumatra’i had played a multidimensional role for strengthern and eriching Aceh as a central Islamic knowledge and Malay literature in South East Asia. They had known as Islamic scholar, diplomat and bishop. Their existence in the sultan palace helped other Sultan’s cabinet for finishing many social problem, include acts arragement, legalizing an prudence and many more. In the other hand, the relation of ulama-umara also seen in village or out-palace life. There are a social system which is based on their activities. In people of Aceh’s ayes, their position regarded as a leader of social and spiritual life. Meunasah, a place that is used for, daily islamic rituals studying many various of islamic knowledge, discussion about social needing, is crowded by their activities. Teungku meunasah, ulama that is leading in meunasah, is the most outstanding men in their society. With keuchik, imeum mukim or uleebalang, they applicate the idea of developing humanity. There is a passion which is created from their bounderies. This article talks about how the relation of umara and ulama is working. This explanation presented their mutual undersatnsing to solve various problem of social-religious life. From that point, we can get some pictures which is describes how the condition of dynamic of social structure of Aceh.Keywords: Relation, Mutual-Working And Social-Religious LifeABSTRAKUmara (pemimpin) dan ulama (sarjana Islam) adalah dua grup elit yang menampilkan instrumen dasar dari perkembangan Aceh Darussalam. Di masa Sultan Iskandar Muda, banyak ditemukan produk-produk kerja sosial dari kerjasama mereka. Di ibukota kerajaan, Hamzah Fansuri dan Symasuddin as-Sumatra’i memainkan peran multiaspek guna mengembangkan Aceh sebagai pusat keilmuan dan sastra Melayu di Asia tenggara. Mereka dikenal sebagai sarjana Islam, diplomat, dan Syeikhul Islam. keberadaan mereka di istana Aceh ikut membantu Sultan dalam memecahkan pelbagai masalah sosial, termasuk menyusun undang-undang, menerbitkan kebijakan dan lain sebagainya. Di sisi lain, hubungan umara dan ulama juga terlihat di pedesaan Aceh. Di sana terdapat sistem sosial yang terbentuk karena keduanya. Di mata orang Aceh, kedudukan mereka diakui sebagai pemimpin dalam kehidupan sosial dan spiritual. Meunasah, suatu tempat yang biasa digunakan sebagai beribadah sehari-hari, belajar ilmu-ilmu agama dan bermusyawarah, diramaikan oleh aktivitas mereka. Teuku meunasah, ulama yang betanggung jawab di meunasah, adalah orang yang dimulyakan di lingkungannya. Bersama dengan keuchik, imeum mukim dan uleebalang mereka mengaplikasikan gagasan untuk mengembangkan kemanusiaan. Hubungan mereka dilingkupi oleh suatu kepaduan dalam bertindak. Artikel ini menerangkan tentang bagaimana relasi umara-ulama berjalan. Pemaparan ini menghadirkan suatu kesepemahaman bersama untuk menyelesaikan masalah sosio-relijius masyarakat. Pada titik ini, kita bisa memperoleh gambaran yang menjelaskan bagaimana kondisi pasang surut struktur sosial di Aceh.Kata kunci: Relasi, Kerja Sama, Kehidupan Sosio-Relijius.

The Reinterpretation of Chinese Buddhism

1965 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 143-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holmes Welch
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
East Asian ◽  
The Other ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Chinese Buddhism ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Communist Government ◽  
Chinese Buddhists

China was the second country in the Buddhist world to have a Communist government. The first was Mongolia. But Mongolia was isolated both geographically and by its form of Buddhism (shared only with Tibet). Chinese Buddhists, on the other hand, had been building closer ties with their brethren in South-East Asia for more than half a century. Their form of Buddhism was less remote from South-East Asian forms and they felt the same need as South-East Asian to fit Buddhism into a national revival.

scholarly journals Prevalence of antibiotic use and household water-sanitation risk factors of acute watery diarrhea among children <5 years: retrospective analysis of multicounty health survey data, 2006-2018

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Shakil Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
The Other ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Acute Watery Diarrhea

Abstract A total 12,69,944 under five year Childs were included in this study among them 1,80,067 Childs were acute watery diarrhea (AWD) and 19,502 Childs were bloody diarrhea respectively. Among them 47,755 Childs were taken antibiotic treatment for AWD. The overall prevalence of acute watery diarrhea ~ 14% (prevalence = 0.142; 95% CI = 0.141, 0.142). On the other hand the prevalence of bloody diarrhea ~ 2% (prevalence = 0.015; 95% CI = 0.015, 0.016). The prevalence of antibiotic treatment for AWD was ~ 27% (prevalence = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.26, 0.27) among the under five years old children in DH survey regions in the world. The prevalence of acute watery diarrhea was higher ~ 17% (prevalence = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.16, 0.17) in the Latin America DHS survey region. The minimum prevalence of AWD was almost equal between South East Asia and Central Asia DHS survey regions ~ 12% (prevalence = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.11, 0.12) and ~ 12% (prevalence = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.10, 0.13) respectively. On the other hand the prevalence of AWD between Europe and West North and Central Africa DHS survey regions ~ 16% (prevalence = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.15, 0.16) and ~ 15% (prevalence = 0.15, 95% CI = 0.14, 0.15) correspondingly. In the central Asia of 15,089 under five Childs were included in the survey. Among them 1,748 Childs were AWD and 967 Childs had taken antibiotic treatment for AWD. The highest prevalence of antibiotic use for AWD in Central Asia ~ 55% (prevalence=(967/1748) = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.52, 0.59) and Europe DH survey region ~ 44% (prevalence=(5483/12502) = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.43, 0.45). The lowest prevalence of antibiotic use for under five Child AWD was ~ 23% (prevalence=(11918/51328) = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.22, 0.24) in the DH survey region South East Asia. On the other hand the DH survey region Latin America and West North and Central Africa region the prevalence of antibiotic use for AWD were ~ 30% (prevalence=(7887/26396) = 0.30, 95% CI = 0.29, 0.31) and ~ 24% (prevalence=(21500/88093) = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.23, 0.24). The South East Asia DH survey region countries DHS 2007 (Bangladesh), DHS 2014 and 2010 (Cambodia), DHS 2017 and 2012 (Indonesia), DHS 2009 (Maldives), DHS 2015–2016 (Myanmar), DHS 2012–2013 (Pakistan), DHS 2017 and 2013 (Philippines), and DHS 2009–2010 (Timor-Leste) were higher risk of AWD for drinking unimproved water sources. The prevalence of antibiotic use for u5c AWD was shown highest prevalence in DHS 2007 (~ 44%), DHS 2012 (~ 49%), DHS 2016 (~ 40%), and DHS 2017 (~ 65%) from DH survey 2006 to 2018 in South East & Central Asia. The linear trend analysis showed that upward trend for using antibiotic of AWD in the South East & Central Asia DH survey region.

scholarly journals Rat Cities and Beehive Worlds: Density and Design in the Modern City

2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 722-756
Author(s):  
Jon Adams ◽  
Edmund Ramsden
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Social System ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

Nestled among E. M. Forster's careful studies of Edwardian social mores is a short story called “The Machine Stops.” Set many years in the future, it is a work of science fiction that imagines all humanity housed in giant high-density cities buried deep below a lifeless surface. With each citizen cocooned in an identical private chamber, all interaction is mediated through the workings of “the Machine,” a totalizing social system that controls every aspect of human life. Cultural variety has ceded to rigorous organization: everywhere is the same, everyone lives the same life. So hopelessly reliant is humanity upon the efficient operation of the Machine, that when the system begins to fail there is little the people can do, and so tightly ordered is the system that the failure spreads. At the story's conclusion, the collapse is total, and Forster's closing image offers a condemnation of the world they had built, and a hopeful glimpse of the world that might, in their absence, return: “The whole city was broken like a honeycomb. […] For a moment they saw the nations of the dead, and, before they joined them, scraps of the untainted sky” (2001: 123). In physically breaking apart the city, there is an extent to which Forster is literalizing the device of the broken society, but it is also the case that the infrastructure of the Machine is so inseparable from its social structure that the failure of one causes the failure of the other. The city has—in the vocabulary of present-day engineers—“failed badly.”

scholarly journals rediscovery of spiritual practices within Protestantism

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 429-456
Author(s):  
George Marchinkowski ◽  
Pieter GR De Villiers
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Faith Communities ◽  
Spiritual Life ◽  
Spiritual Practices ◽  
Negative View ◽  
Other Hand

In a first part this article investigates the older negative view of spiritual practices especially in Protestant contexts. It then spells out the reasons for the growing interest in and reappraisal of spiritual practices in recent times. This development reflects and confirms a special awareness of their powerful role in spiritual life and illuminates their nature and meaning. It further analyses how the growing interest in spiritual practices is a result of recognising their role in the spiritual heritage that empowered faith communities from earliest times and that are not restricted by and to confessional boundaries. The article, on the other hand, concludes with a discussion of the dynamic way in which spiritual practices are embedded in particular contexts within faith communities and, therefore, are also expressed in and through particular confessional characteristics.

Malacca Portuguese Creole

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Stefanie Pillai ◽  
Alan N. Baxter ◽  
Wen-Yi Soh
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
South Asia ◽  
East Timor ◽  
The Other ◽  
South East Asia

Malacca Portuguese Creole (MPC) (ISO 639-3; code: mcm), popularly known as Malacca Portuguese or locally as (Papiá) Cristang, belongs to the group of Portuguese-lexified creoles of (South)east Asia, which includes the extinct varieties of Batavia/Tugu (Maurer 2013) and Bidau, East Timor (Baxter 1990), and the moribund variety of Macau (Baxter 2009). MPC has its origins in the Portuguese presence in Malacca, and like the other creoles in this subset, it is genetically related to the Portuguese Creoles of South Asia (Holm 1988, Cardoso, Baxter & Nunes 2012).

Koro and Psychosis

1984 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Ang ◽  
M. P. I. Weller
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
East Asia ◽  
West Indian ◽  
The Other ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Southern Chinese ◽  
Greek Cypriot

‘Koro’ has been described as a culture-bound syndrome with localised depersonalisation confined to the penis, occurring in the context of a panic state with fear of impending disaster (Yap 1965,1969). Because ghosts are not thought to possess genitals, penile shrinkage is believed to be potentially fatal, with the risk that the victim will himself turn into a ghost. Until recently the syndrome was thought to be restricted to Southern Chinese emigres in Hong Kong and South East Asia. We wish to report two such cases, one in a West Indian and the other in a Greek Cypriot, admitted to Friern Hospital.

Democracy, Human Rights, and Civil Society in South East Asia

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1050-1051
Author(s):  
Abdul Rahman Embong
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
East Asia ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Old Order ◽  
Pacific Studies ◽  
The Cold War

Democracy, Human Rights, and Civil Society in South East Asia, Amitav Acharya, B.M. Frolic and Richard Stubbs, eds., Toronto: Joint Centre for Asia Pacific Studies, 2001, pp. 208This is an important volume on the hotly debated topic of democracy, human rights and civil society in South East Asia, a region that has witnessed a confrontation between the old order of authoritarian regimes and strong states on one hand, and the new democratic forces embedded in an emerging civil society, on the other. The focus of the book is on the evolution of debates about democracy and human rights during the decade following the end of the Cold War in 1989 to the 1997–98 Asian economic crisis, with the latter being regarded as the watershed that unleashed the democratic forces. The book consists of nine chapters, plus an introduction and a conclusion, contributed by nine political scientists. Except for Johan Saravanamuttu, who is from the region under study, the other contributors are Southeast Asianists teaching at various universities in Canada, the United States, and Australia.

NO OBVIOUS HOME: THE FLIGHT OF THE PORTUGUESE “TRIBE” FROM MAKASSAR TO AYUTTHAYA AND CAMBODIA DURING THE 1660s

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Stefan Halikowski Smith
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Racial Composition ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Portuguese Population ◽  
Native Populations ◽  
The Military ◽  
Western Historiography

Western historiography has both turned its back on the Portuguese in the East after their ascendancy during the sixteenth century, and largely misunderstood the changed seventeenth-century realities of that presence. While scholars recognize how the missionary blueprint overtook the military one, the Portuguese population, particularly in areas outside official Crown control, in fact had very little to do with Europe, nowhere more so than in its racial composition. One might think of this entity as a “clan” or “tribe”. The internal social structure of this entity, and the reasons it was able to gain mass allegiance on the part of native populations, remains to be ascertained. This article examines how the “tribe” responded to two successive displacements as a result of the Dutch conquests of Melaka in 1641 and Makassar in the 1660s, considering why it moved to mainland South-East Asia and what this movement tells us about the group's dynamics.

scholarly journals SPIRITUAL TEACHERS IN THAI COMMUNITY IN THAN UYEN DISTRICT, LAI CHAU PROVINCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Đinh Đức Tiến ◽  
Tô Quang Minh
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Spiritual Life ◽  
Folk Knowledge ◽  
Spiritual Culture ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Thai People ◽  
Cultural Traits ◽  
Important Position ◽  
The One ◽  
Taking Care

The Thai people in Than Uyen are part of the Northwest Thai people. They also share the same cultural traits, especially the spiritual culture of this land. In the spiritual life of the Thai people in Than Uyen, the spiritual teachers always hold an important position and role. On the one hand, they are "spiritual guides", responsible for taking care of the cultural and spiritual life of the whole community. On the other hand, they are also members with a lot of contributions and closely attached to society. With the study of the difficulties and contributions of Thai spiritual teachers to the community, the article contributes more voices to the preservation of Thai folk knowledge.

scholarly journals Hakekat Seksualitas Manusia : Perspektif Gereja Kristen Nazarene di Abad 21 terhadap Praktek LGBT

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
Bakhoh Jatmiko
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Church Of The Nazarene ◽  
The Other ◽  
Church Of God ◽  
Age Changes ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World ◽  
Bisexual And Transgender ◽  
The Church

Civilization and social structure have dramatically changed in these last several decades. Exponential development of globalization and the growth of technology of communication have transformed values, views and cultures of human civilization nowadays. These are the symptoms of world web wide era; where the local issues can be global discussion in minutes. In one hand, the Church of God should be sensitive to the age changes, does some adaptations and changes to be relevant. In the other hand, the Church of God should not be conformed to this world. Church of the Nazarene as one of the Christian Church denominations in the world is demanded to take the stance to deal with the changes that are happened today especially in LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender) issue.

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