scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of Ascaris lumbricoides infection in children of Manusak Village, Kupang District, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meliance Bria ◽  
Heny Arwati ◽  
Indah Setyawati Tantular
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Bowel Habit ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government

ABSTRACT Worm infection is one of the health problems in all tropical countries, including Indonesia. The most frequent helminthiasis is the infection caused by the Soil-Transmitted Helminth. Primary school-age children are an age group that is susceptible to helminthiasis. Worm infections can cause a serious impact if left untreated with no clean and healthy lifestyle. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors of STH in children of Manusak Village, East Kupang Subdistrict, Kupang District, East Nusa Tenggara Province, followed by the characterization of subjects. The analytic observational design with the cross-sectional study was applied to this research. Research subjects were 130 children aged 6-12 years old. The infection was diagnosed microscopically by the Katokatz method. Ascaris lumbricoides were the only species found infecting a total of 50 children (38.4%.). The distribution of ascariasis was higher in girls (30 or 23.08%) than in boys (20 or 15.38%), in children whose parents have no formal education (41 or 31.54%), and who their professions are a farmer. Poor hygiene and sanitation such as no washing hands with soap (27 or 20.77%) as well as the habit of not wearing footwear (47 or 36.2%) and bowel habit on the open areas (35 or 26.92%)  are the risks factors causing the high incidence of A. lumbricoides in the studied area. Enlightenment to the parents regarding good personal and environmental hygiene and sanitation along with chemotherapy from the government and related agencies is needed to achieve a durable reduction of the burden of ascariasis and other STH infection. Keywords                   : Soil Transmitted Helminth, Ascaris lumbricoides, children,                                      Kupang DistrictCorrespondence        : [email protected]

Obesity in relation to risk factors and socioeconomic conditions among school-age children at Khartoum State 2011/2012

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 413-416
Author(s):  
Dr. Suzan Ail Yousif Abo* ,Dr. ALI abdalazez Salih
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Year ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Class Room ◽  
Watching Tv

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was carried out at Khartoum Stateduring the school year 20112/2012 to estimate the prevalence of obesity among schoolchildren aged 6-15 years and to investigate the relationship between BMI (Body MassIndex) and socioeconomic status and life style factors. Two hundred and fifty pupilsparticipated in this study. The researcher took the anthropometric measurement insidethe class room and gave the questionnaire the students to be answered by one of child’sparents. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences(SPSS Version 13.0).In this study, prevalence of obesity was found to be (48%) of them 18% males and 30%females. Income of the family, number of high caloric carbonated beverages/week, wayof transportation to school, length of daily playing outside the home, and time spentin watching TV and video games were significantly correlated with student’s BMI.While parent’s BMI was not having significant correlation with student’s BMI.This study is considered as the first study in its field regarding this age category inKhartoum State, and it is promoting future researches in obesity and its determinant.Key words: Obesity in relation to risk factors and socioeconomic conditions amongschool-age children

scholarly journals Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Risk Factors among adult Population in Bisha Province, Southwest of Saudi Arabia

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah M. Al-Shahrani ◽  
Mohammed A. Al-Saleem ◽  
Mohamed O’haj ◽  
Faleh Th. Mohammed ◽  
Mutasim E. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Married Individuals ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of diabetes mellitus (DM) among the adult population in Bisha province, Saudi Arabia.METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted during December, 2015 using the World Health Organization STEPS wise approach for data collection. Blood glucose level and anthropometric measurements of blood pressure, height, weight, and waist circumference were performed per standard methods.  Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the prevalence and risk of diabetes.RESULTS: Of 542 adult individuals included in the study, 13.3% (72) had diabetes, of which 8.1% were previously diagnosed and 5.2% represented new cases. The proportions of DM were 14.7% for men and 10.8% for women. Diabetes was significantly higher among married compared to unmarried individuals (19.3% vs 5.5 %; p<0.001) and among individuals aged ≥40 years old compared to those <40 years (31.3% vs 9.3%; p<0.001). The risk of diabetes was significantly increased with older age (Odds Ratio=4.470; 95% CI 2.264-7.614), married individuals (OR=4.097; 95% CI 2.188-7.672), weight/obesity (OR=2.827; 95% CI 1.567-5.072), hypertension (OR=4.383; 95% CI 2.085-9.214) and having a job (OR=2.327; 95% CI 1.347-4.02). The independent risk factors predicted diabetes were hypertension (Adjusted OR=2.897; 95% CI 1.269-66.13) and job patterns (Adjusted OR=2.793; 95% CI 1.064-7.329).CONCLUSION: Different risk factors alarming diabetes among adult population in Bisha province were detected.  Strategies aimed to improving a healthy lifestyle are necessary to reduce the burden of the disease. 

scholarly journals Clustering of hypertension, diabetes and overweight/obesity according to socioeconomic status among Bangladeshi adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Gulam Muhammed Al Kibria ◽  
Mohammad Rashidul Hashan ◽  
Md Mahbub Hossain ◽  
Sojib Bin Zaman ◽  
Christina A. Stennett
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle Interventions ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose Concentration

Abstract The prevalences of hypertension, diabetes and overweight/obesity are increasing in most developing countries, including Bangladesh. Although earlier studies have investigated the factors associated with these three conditions, little is known about whether socioeconomic status is associated with their co-existence. This cross-sectional study analysed data from the 2011 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey. An individual was considered hypertensive, diabetic and overweight/obese if their systolic/diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose concentration, and body mass index were ≥130/80 mmHg, ≥7 mmol/l and ≥23 kg/m2, respectively. Furthermore, individuals who reported taking anti-hypertensive and anti-diabetic drugs were also considered as hypertensive and diabetic, respectively. Two socioeconomic variables were investigated: education level and household wealth quintile. Descriptive analyses and multilevel logistic regression were conducted. Among the 7932 respondents (50.5% female) aged ≥35 years, the prevalences of hypertension, diabetes, overweight/obesity, any one condition and the co-existence of the three conditions were 48.0%, 11.0%, 25.3%, 60.9% and 3.6%, respectively. In adjusted analysis, individuals with secondary (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.8, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2–2.8) and college or above (AOR: 3.6; 95% CI: 2.2–5.7) education levels had higher odds of the co-existence of all three conditions compared with those with no formal education. Similarly, compared with the poorest wealth quintile, the richer (AOR: 4.6; 95% CI: 2.2–9.4) and richest (AOR: 11.8; 95% CI: 5.8–24.1) wealth quintiles had higher odds of co-existence of these three conditions. Education and wealth quintile also showed significant relationships with each of the three conditions separately. In conclusion, in Bangladesh, hypertension, diabetes and overweight/obesity are associated with indicators of higher socioeconomic status. These findings highlight the importance of developing healthy lifestyle interventions (e.g. physical exercise and dietary modification) targeting individuals of higher socioeconomic status to minimize the burden of these non-communicable diseases.

scholarly journals The Risk Factors Analysis Occurrence of Chlamydia Infection to Direct Female Seks Workers (DFSW) in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 01024
Author(s):  
Masayu Gemala Rabiah ◽  
Rini Mutahar ◽  
Rico Januar Sitorus
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chlamydia Infection ◽  
Female Sex Worker ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sex Worker ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
The Government

Chlamydia infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. Based on data of IBBS 2015 in Indonesia, the highest prevalence of chlamydia occurred in direct female sex worker group (32.21%). This study a STIs to determine the risk factors for chlamydia infection in direct sex workers. This research uses Cross-Sectional study design. The population of this study were all direct female sex workers as many as 3,789 people with samples in accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria as many as 3.114 people. The prevalence of direct female sex workers with chlamydia infection was 1.018 (32.4%). The result of the analysis showed that there was a relationship between age (PR: 0.541 95% CI: 0.456-0.643) and length of work as FDSW (PR: 1,.60, 95% CI: 1.087-1.512) chlamydia infection in female sex workers in Indonesia. most dominant variable has an effect on the incidence of chlamydia infection that is long working as FDSW after controlled by age (PR 1.282 95% CI: 1.087-1,.12). It is expected for the government to improve the implementation of prevention program of chlamydia not only among female sex worker but also proactive to customer.

scholarly journals Soil-Transmitted Helminth Reinfection and Associated Risk Factors among School-Age Children in Chencha District, Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zerihun Zerdo ◽  
Tsegaye Yohanes ◽  
Befikadu Tariku
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Mass Drug Administration ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Mass drug administration (MDA) to the most risky population including school-age children (SAC) is the central strategy to control soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection. The present study was aimed at estimating the prevalence of STHs reinfection three months posttreatment and associated risk factors among SAC in Chencha district. A cross-sectional study design was employed from April 20 to May 5, 2015, to enroll 408 SAC. Structured questionnaire and Kato-Katz thick smear technique were used to interview parents or guardians and quantify the number of eggs per gram of stool. Pearson chi-square and logistic regression were used to assess the association between predictor variable and STH reinfection. The prevalence of STHs within three months of mass chemotherapy among SAC was 36.8% which is 93.4% of the prevalence (39.4%) before treatment. The estimated prevalence of reinfection (95%CI) forAscaris lumbricoides,Trichuris trichiura, and hookworms was 23.8% (21.1–28.2), 16.2% (12.7–20.1), and 1.0% (0.3–2.5), respectively. Children of merchant fathers were more likely to be reinfected by STHs in Chencha district. In conclusion, there is rapid reinfection after mass chemotherapy among SAC in Chencha district. Further studies should be carried out to generate cost efficient methods that can supplement mass drug administration to accelerate the control of STHs.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study of the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Soil Transmitted Helminthes Infection and Stunting Among School-aged Children in Ibadan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Ibrahim ◽  
M.K. Tijani ◽  
R. I. Nwuba
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
And Control

AbstractBackgroundIn developing countries, infections caused by soil-transmitted helminthes (STH), such as Ascaris, Trichuris and hookworm, pose major public health problems among the school-age children, resulting in impaired physical growth such as stunting and thinness, and cognitive development. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of STH infections, stunting and thinness, and risk factors among school-age-children in Ibadan. This becomes highly imperative in order to serve as a guide on the prevention and control.MethodA cross-sectional study was carried out in 8 primary schools at Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria, between May and November 2018. All the school-age-children between the ages 5 and 18 years old (mean 10.4 ± 1.7 years), from primary one to six took part in the study. Demographic data were obtained and STH infections was analysed in single-stool samples by Kato-Katz. Anthropometric parameters were taken to calculate Height for-age Z score (HAZ) and Body-Mass-Index (BMI) for-age Z score (BAZ), in order to determine among school-aged-children stunting and thinness respectively.ResultsIn overall, 458 school-age-children partook in the study. The prevalence of STH was 9.0%, out of which 7.6%, 2.8% and 1.5% were recorded for Ascaris, Trichuris and multiparasitism respectively. The overall prevalence obtained revealed that the results of stunting and thinness (HAZ < -2SD, BAZ < -2SD) were 24.7% and 27.3% respectively based on the WHO Child Growth Standards (2007). Notably, ages of the children (P< 0.01), their classes (P=0.05), different schools (P=0.003), washing of hands after toileting (P = 0.05) were important risk factors determining STH infection, HAZ and BAZ.ConclusionThe study showed that specific risk factors among school children in the studied area will make them vulnerable with high risk of STH infection, HAZ and BAZ. Effective prevention and control strategies can be well planned when risk factors and dynamics of transmission in vulnerable groups have been painstakingly identified.SummaryAscaris, Trichuris and hookworm are responsible for major public health problems among the school-age children (SAC); this has led to stunting and thinness, and impaired cognitive development. With the aim to determine prevalence of STH infections, stunting, thinness and associated risk factors, a cross-sectional study of STH infection in 8 primary schools at Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria was conducted in 2018. School-aged children between the ages of 5 and 18 were enrolled, demographic data, stool samples and anthropometric parameters were obtained in order to determine STH infection and nutritional status. 9.0% was the prevalence of STH, the prevalence of 7.6%, 2.8% and 1.5% were recorded for Ascaris, Trichuris and multiparasitism respectively, while 24.7% and 27.3% were obtained for stunting and thinness respectively. The children’s age, hand washing after toileting and locations of the different schools were significantly correlated with STH infection, HAZ and BAZ. This study is highly imperative because its shows some risk factors associated with STH infection, HAZ and BAZ among SAC, this can serve as a guide on the prevention and control among SAC.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Structure and Clinical and Functional Characteristics of Risk Factors for the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases in Adults in Children of School Age

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-153
Author(s):  
M. Koshukeyeva ◽  
A. Bolotbekova ◽  
A. Bakaeva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Fresh Vegetables

Relevance. Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Known modifiable and unmodifiable risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease in adults are found already in childhood, are relatively persistent, leading not only to the formation of cardiovascular disease, but also to disability and death at a young age. Objective. Study of the prevalence, structure and clinical and functional characteristics of risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease in adults in school-age children in Bishkek. Research methods. The material for the study was the analysis of survey data of 2856 schoolchildren aged 10 to 17 years, selected as a result of a one-step cross-sectional study of students from 5 educational institutions in Bishkek. To study cardiovascular disease RF in children, a specially developed questionnaire and survey card were used. Results of work. As a result of the questionnaire, the presence of hereditary cardiovascular disease burden was revealed in 26.5% (771) schoolchildren and 2.4% (72) of them confirmed heart disease in their parents. The smoking factor was detected in 8.5% (245) schoolchildren, and 40.6% (1160) schoolchildren indicated low physical activity. An increased body mass index as one of the main risk factors was found in 7.4% (211) schoolchildren. Daily consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits was revealed only in 41.3% of schoolchildren, which indicates an insufficiently balanced diet of the surveyed children. Scope of the results. The results of the study will make it possible to take certain measures to predict morbidity, develop preventive measures among children and adolescents for the development of serious diseases of the heart and blood vessels in the future.

scholarly journals Knowledge of Brazilian genral people on risk factors for stroke

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Luciano de Mélo Silva Júnior ◽  
Gabriella Camelo Oliveira ◽  
Lucas Pereira Ferreira ◽  
Roberto Carlos de Sousa Alves Junior ◽  
Yuri de Almeida Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Typical Case ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Random Strategy

Background: Stroke is one of the main causes of death in the Brazil and worldwide. The level of lay people’s knowledge on risk factors for stroke have yet to be fully described. Objectives: To assess the level of information on risk factors for stroke among lay people Design and setting: Cross-sectional study applying a survey to people in public spaces in cities of Brazil’s Northeast, in 2020. Methods: Individuals who were passing by in such places were invited in a quasi- random strategy, to be interviewed. We exposed the volunteers to a typical case of a stroke presentation and asked what risk factors for it. We did not provide alternatives for the question. Ethical principles were followed. Results: We enrolled 1,477 individuals (52.5% female, 36.2±14.8yo). Stroke was identified for 1,226/1,477 (83.0%) individuals. From these, 423/1,226 (34.5%) did not mention any risk factors for stroke; and 393/1,226 (32.1%) reported two or more factors. The often-indicated risk factors were hypertension (418, 34.1%), stress (201, 16.4%), inappropriate diet (125, 10.2%), diabetes (124, 10.1%) and sedentary lifestyle (109, 8.9%). There was not differences on mention or not risk factors in relation to sex (p=.290) and age (p=.085), but those who known had more years of formal education (p <.001) and more frequently had health insurance (p=.010). Conclusion: The knowledge of general population on risk factors for stroke is poor. It is necessary to provide public campaigns in order to improve knowledge on this theme and to encourage screening in individuals at risk.

scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome Knowledge among Adults with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Wang ◽  
Sek Ying Chair ◽  
Eliza Mi-Ling Wong ◽  
Ruth E. Taylor-Piliae ◽  
Xi Chen Hui Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lipid Management ◽  
History Of

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors. Many people may be unaware of their risk for MetS. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted among hospitalized patients with at least one cardiometabolic risk factor in Mainland China. This study assessed the MetS knowledgelevel(through MetS Knowledge Scale, MSKS) and examined the potential predictors by regression analysis. A total of 204 patients aged 58.5 ± 10.1 years (55% males) participated in this study. The majority of participants had no history of hypertension (54%), dyslipidemia (79%), or diabetes (85%). However, 56% of these participants had at least three cardiometabolic risk factors, indicating the presence of MetS. The average MSKS was very low (mean = 36.7±18.8, possible range = 0–100), indicating the urgent needs of MetS education in current practice. Predictors of better MetS knowledge included higher educational level, history of dyslipidemia, and normal high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (F (8, 195) = 9.39, adjusted R2 = 0.192, p< 0.001). In conclusion, adults with cardiometabolic risk factors are at risk of developing MetS, but with a low level of knowledge. Specific health education on MetS should be provided, particularly for those with limited formal education or inadequate lipid management.

Infection risk factors associated with seropositivity forToxoplasma gondiiin a population-based study in the Central Region, Ghana

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (9) ◽  
pp. 1904-1912 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. K. ABU ◽  
J. N. BOAMPONG ◽  
I. AYI ◽  
G. GHARTEY-KWANSAH ◽  
R. AFOAKWAH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Infection Risk Factors

SUMMARYAbout 20–90% of the world's population has had contact withToxoplasma gondiiparasites. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors associated withT. gondiiinfection in the Central Region, Ghana. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in three selected communities. Serum samples were tested for the presence of anti-T. gondiiIgG and IgM antibodies by ELISA. A serological criterion for seropositivity was a positive test result for any of the two anti-ToxoplasmaIgG or IgM antibodies or a combination of both. In all, 390 participants of mean age 47·0 years consisting of 118 (30·3%) males and 272 (69·7%) females were tested. The overall seroprevalence ofT. gondiiwas 85% (333/390) where fishermen, farmers and fishmongers, respectively, had the highest seropositivity. IgG and IgM antibodies were detected in 329 (84%) and 25 (6%), respectively, while both IgG and IgM antibodies were detected in 21 (5%) of the participants. Respectively, 1% (4/390) and 79% (308/390) of participants tested positive for IgM-only and IgG-only antibodies. There was a significant relationship betweenToxoplasmaseropositivity and contact with soil, presence of a cat in the surrounding area, age, sources of drinking water, level of formal education, and socioeconomic status. The results suggest that the seashore may serve as a good ground for sporulation and survival ofToxoplasmaoocysts.

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