Recording Kastom

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Sound Recordings ◽  
Important Resource ◽  
Annotated Edition ◽  
Vital Interest ◽  
History Of ◽  
Torres Strait

Recording Kastom brings readers into the heart of colonial Torres Strait and New Guinea through the personal journals of Cambridge zoologist and anthropologist Alfred Haddon, who visited the region in 1888 and 1898. Haddon's published reports of these trips were hugely influential on the nascent discipline of anthropology, but his private journals and sketches have never been published in full. The journals record in vivid detail Haddon's observations and relationships. They highlight his preoccupation with documentation, and the central role played by the Islanders who worked with him to record kastom. This collaboration resulted in an enormous body of materials that remain of vital interest to Torres Strait Islanders and the communities where he worked. Haddon's Journals provide unique and intimate insights into the colonial history of the region will be an important resource for scholars in history, anthropology, linguistics and musicology. This comprehensively annotated edition assembles a rich array of photographs, drawings, artefacts, film and sound recordings. An introductory essay provides historical and cultural context. The preface and epilogue provide Islander perspectives on the historical context of Haddon’s work and its significance for the future.

scholarly journals ARSITEKTUR KOLONIAL BELANDA DI INDONESIA DALAM KONTEKS SEJARAH FILSAFAT DAN FILSAFAT ILMU

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Dimas Wihardyanto ◽  
Sudaryono Sudaryono
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
East Indies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Way Of Thinking ◽  
Architectural Research ◽  
Dutch Colonial ◽  
The Way

Arsitektur merupakan salah satu produk budaya hasil pemikiran manusia yang mampu menggambarkan secara komprehensif bagaimana hubungan dirinya dengan konteks sosial maupun seting lingkungan yang ada. Tidak terkecuali arsitektur kolonial Belanda di Indonesia. Kolonialisasi di Indonesia terutama yang dilakukan oleh Belanda merupakan salah satu babak sejarah penting di Indonesia karena mampu merubah cara berfikir arsitektur di Hindia Belanda semakin modern mendekati yang terjadi di Barat. Pengaruh modernisme dalam arsitektur tersebut tentunya tidak dapat dilepaskan dari perkembangan cara berfikir masyarakat barat yang bertitik tolak dari cara memandang alam dan manusia melalui pendekatan kategorisasi dan analogi. Setelah melalui kurun waktu yang cukup panjang arsitektur kolonial Belanda di Indonesia akhirnya tidak dapat memaksakan penggunaan arsitektur barat secara penuh. Konteks sosial budaya serta seting lingkungan dan iklim yang berbeda akhirnya mampu mengajak para arsitek untuk mengedepankan cara berfikir yang bertitik tolak pada alam melalui pendekatan analogi alih-alih menonjolkan arsitektur barat sebagai simbol manusia modern melalui pendekatan kategorisasi. Kemunculan arsitektur Indis adalah salah satu buktinya. Selanjutnya melalui metode kajian literatur terhadap sejarah perkembangan filsafat barat, metodologi penelitian arsitektur, dan teori-teori mengenai arsitektur kolonial Belanda di Indonesia peneliti mencoba merunut dan merumuskan bagaimana Posisi keilmuan arsitektur kolonial Belanda di Indonesia dalam konteks sejarah filsafat dan filsafat ilmu. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwasanya perkembangan arsitektur kolonial di Indonesia berawal dari cara berfikir dualisme dengan mengambil alam sebagai tidak tolak, kemudian beralih menjadi cara berfikir monisme dengan revolusi industri sebagai latar belakang, dan kemudian kembali ke cara berfikir dualisme dengan menempatkan alam sebagai titik tolak pada abad ke 20.DUTCH COLONIAL ARCHITECTURE IN INDONESIA IN THE HISTORICAL CONTEXT OF PHILOSOPHY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE                                                  Architecture is one of the cultural products of human thought that can to comprehensively describe how its relationship with the social context and the existing environmental settings. Dutch colonial architecture in Indonesia is no exception. Colonialism in Indonesia, especially those carried out by the Dutch, is one of the important historical phases in Indonesia because it can change the way of thinking architecture in the Dutch East Indies increasingly modern that is happening in the West. The influence of modernism in architecture indeed cannot be separated from the development of western society's way of thinking, which starts from the way of looking at nature and humans through a categorization and analogy approach. After a long period of time, Dutch colonial architecture in Indonesia finally could not force the full use of western architecture. The socio-cultural context and the different environmental and climatic settings were finally able to invite the architects to put forward the way of thinking that starts with nature through an analogy approach instead of highlighting western architecture as a symbol of modern humans through the categorization approach. The emergence of Indis architecture is one of the proofs. Furthermore, through the method of studying literature on the history of the development of western philosophy, architectural research methodology, and theories about Dutch colonial architecture in Indonesia researchers try to trace and formulate the scientific position of Dutch colonial architecture in Indonesia in the context of the history of philosophy and philosophy of science. The results obtained from this study are that the development of colonial architecture in Indonesia started from the way of thinking of dualism by taking nature as not rejecting, then turning into monism with the industrial revolution as a background, and then returning to the way of thinking of dualism by placing nature as a point starting in the 20th century.

The symbol of Saint Gióng and the Gióng festival in the historical context of Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Hai Hong Dinh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Content Type ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gradual Transformation ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to trace the way in which a popular ritual became one of Vietnam’s most important festivals, elevated as a celebration of national heroism and charts its gradual transformation in modern society. Design/methodology/approach This research focuses on the combination of a fertility rite and narratives of St Gióng based on nationalism or heroism created a special festival reflecting many traditional cultural characteristics of Vietnam and the Việt people and the transformation of St Gióng from a mythological to a national symbol of heroism in anti-invader history was recorded in texts. Findings The paper casts light on the mythologization and historicization of St Gióng in Vietnam’s particular historical context by decoding the Gióng symbol as a core element of the folktales and myths about St Gióng to understand the formation and development of St Gióng in the cultural history of Vietnam. Research limitations/implications The paper is not exploring the Gióng symbol within a larger cultural context of nationalism and ethnosymbolic approach in a comparison of national symbolism and heroism. Practical implications The paper includes implications for advised scholars to conduct further exploration of the symbol and myth of not only St Gióng in Vietnam but also Kubera in India and Vaisravana in China to connect Kubera, Vaisravana and St Gióng under the connection of literal myth and heroic symbol. Social implications The paper shows how processes of historicizing myth and mythologizing history are important features of Vietnamese socio-historical research. Originality/value The paper shows how a fertility rite became a historical festival and the figure of St Gióng became a symbol of patriotic heroism.

Towards a History of European Physical Sensibility: Pain in the Later Middle Ages

1995 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Physical Pain ◽  
Medieval Medicine ◽  
Cultural Expression ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
History Of ◽  
Positive Force

The ArgumentThe study of pain in a historical context requires a consideration of the cultural context in which pain is sensed and expressed. This paper examines attitudes toward physical pain in the later Middle Ages in Europe from several standpoints: theology, law, and medicine. During the later Middle Ages attitudes toward pain shifted from rejection and a demand for impassivity as a mark of status to a conscious attempt to sense, express, and inflict as much pain as possible. Pain became a positive force, a useful tool for reaching a variety of truths. While this attitude stemmed from the religious wish to identify with Christ's passion, it permeated and affected all spheres of cultural expression and investigation. Late permeated and affected all spheres of cultural expression and investigation. Late medieval medicine accepted pain, trying to relieve it only when it became dangerous to the patient. Given the existence of analgesic medicines at the time, this attitude is comprehensible only within the cultural context of the period.

Verdi versus Victor Maurel on Falstaff: Twelve New Verdi Letters and Other Operatic and Musical Theater Sources

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Henson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Musical Theater ◽  
Film Studies ◽  
Sound Recordings ◽  
Important Resource ◽  
Early American ◽  
History Of

This article introduces twelve new Verdi letters and other operatic and musical theater sources in the Yale Collection of Historical Sound Recordings. The materials hail from the French baritone Victor Maurel (1848-1923), Verdi's first Iago and first Falstaff, and from his second wife, the musical theater librettist and screenwriter Frederique Rosine de Gresac (1866/7-1943). The letters and other sources constitute an important resource for not only nineteenth-century opera and operatic performance but also the early American musical, film studies, the history of women, even the history of celebrity. The Verdi letters concern Maurel's creation of the role of Falstaff and include a intriguing debate about preparing for the role and singing generally.

New Publications in 1998

Itinerario ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 97-121
Author(s):  
Jaap de Moor
Keyword(s):  
New Guinea ◽  
East India Company ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Dutch East India Company ◽  
Economic Expansion ◽  
Indonesian Archipelago ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magnum Opus ◽  
Dutch Colonial

The year 1998 saw the publication of a new and impressive handbook on the history of Dutch economic expansion and political domination in Asia and the Indonesian Archipelago in particular: J.J.P. de Jong's De waaier van het fortuin (The fan of fortune). Its almost seven hundred pages are packed with information about the Dutch in the Indonesian archipelago in the period between 1595, when the first Dutch ships departed for Asia, and 1950, when the Dutch colonial presence in Indonesia (with the exception of Dutch New Guinea) came to an end. De Jong, an official at the Dutch ministry of Foreign Affairs, who obtained his doctorate with a thesis on the Indonesian decolonisation in 1988, has undoubtedly delivered his magnum opus with this new study. The book does not only tell the story of the Dutch expansion in Indonesia, it also gives a number of new or partly new interpretations of Dutch colonial history in the archipelago. It is divided into five parts: I: The Era of the Dutch East India Company; II: ‘Plantation Java’; III: The Era of Changes, 1870–1918; IV: The Modern Colony, 1918–1942; and V: ‘Denouement’, 1942–1950.

scholarly journals Vsevolod Topilin is a legendary pianist, but… unknown

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (23) ◽  
pp. 159-169
Author(s):  
Olena Pinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Social Evaluation ◽  
Professional Recognition ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Concert Pianist

Inroduction. Vsevolod Vladimirovich Topilin (1908–1970) is a concert pianist-virtuoso and a teacher who played a significant role in the development of Ukrainian piano culture. His name was as famous as V. Pukhalsky’s, F. Blumenfeld’s, G. Beklemishev’s in the 30-ies of the XX century, and in our time he was respected along with S. Richter, A. Vedernikov and the «great Henry» – H. Neuhaus. He was well-known as the first accompanist of D Oistrakh. Their legendary ensemble was formed in 1930 and toured triumphantly throughout the territory of the Soviet Union and abroad until 1941. The tragic events of the twentieth century broke his life and career, deleted him from the sphere of public activity. He remained in the memory of very few people (and not only musicians!) as the pre-war legendary image of the pianist in the halo of European glory. Theoretical Background. Great significance of V. Topilin’s personality and the scarcity of information about him as well as the absence of special works about the life and work of the pianist and the complete social evaluation of his place in the musical culture determined the goals of this publication. The theme of the tragic fate of the world-acclaimed patriotic musician arises in the context of cruel circumstances of the war and brutal laws of the power. The problem of “artist and government” is reflected in the fate of Topilin in one of its most tragic refractions – under the totalitarian Soviet regime with its antihuman laws. Studying the life of V. Topilin helps us feel the inhuman character of a bygone era, realize its truth and lies, and ask: what are the other layers of unknown spiritual and creative life hidden under the cover of oblivion? The study of this topic is very urgent in the post-Soviet period which is marked by a keen interest in our past and primarily in its forgotten heroes. The purpose of the article is to expand knowledge about the great musician and teacher, adding new details and facts about his personality, and to restore the status of V. Topilin in the history of European pianism. The scientific novelty lies in the reproduction of the facts of V. Topilin’s biography as a whole, inscribed in the general historical and cultural context. The life and work of V. Topilin in the context of the 20s–60s of the 20th century is presented as a real biography of the pianist: from apprenticeship to the first heights of professional recognition; from fascist captivity – through many years of the Gulag and ‘amnesty’ – to the late revival of Conservatory classes. The whole life of the artist is traced in inseparable connection with the historical, and first of all – musical-historical context of the time. Conclusions. Our research has returned the name of Vsevolod Topilin to the history of our culture, revived an important page of our history, rudely torn out by the previous government. The life of V. Topilin demonstrates greatness of the spirit of the artist, who was able to find the strength to return to the great art and leave his mark in the history of national culture.

'It is not so!' Otto Finsch, Expectations and Encounters in the Pacific, 1865 - 85

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary S. Howes
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Human Interface ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
History Of ◽  
Human Difference ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Torres Strait

This article focuses on the Pacific experiences of the German ornithologist and ethnologist Otto Finsch (1839?1917). Between 1879 and 1882, Finsch voyaged extensively in the Pacific, visiting Hawai?i, parts of Micronesia and island Melanesia, New Zealand, New Guinea and the Torres Strait Islands. In 1884, he returned to New Guinea and was instrumental in the acquisition of Kaiser-Wilhelmsland and the Bismarck Archipelago as German protectorates.While his numerous publications on the indigenous inhabitants of these areas naturally reflect the prevailing scientific and colonial discourses of the late nineteenth century, I argue that they were also significantly shaped by his personal encounters with Pacific peoples. Through close comparisons of texts produced before, during and after his Pacific voyages, I discuss the ways in which these encounters challenged Finsch's pre-voyage assumptions about ?race' and human difference: the breadth of individual variation within supposedly homogeneous races, the extent of overlap between such races, and the reliability of particular cultural practices as diagnostics of savagery or civilization. I also emphasize links between Finsch's story and broader issues in the history of science, including the influence of observers' trajectories of travel on the constitution of regional topographies of difference, the standardization and mobilization of travellers' observations for metropolitan audiences, the human interface between discovery and communication, and the policing of scientific knowledge and interpretation of field observations by metropolitan authorities.

Rethinking Australian Aboriginal English-based speech varieties

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Munro ◽  
Ilana Mushin
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Torres Strait Island ◽  
Australian Aboriginal ◽  
Contact Language ◽  
History Of ◽  
Torres Strait

The colonial history of Australia necessitated contact between nineteenth and twentieth century dialects of English and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island languages. This has resulted in the emergence of contact languages, some of which have been identified as creoles (e.g. Sandefur 1979, Shnukal 1983) while others have been hidden under the label of ‘Aboriginal English’, exacerbated by what Young (1997) described as a gap in our knowledge of historical analyses of individual speech varieties. In this paper we provide detailed sociohistorical data on the emergence of a contact language in Woorabinda, an ex-Government Reserve in Queensland. We propose that the data shows that the label ‘Aboriginal English’ previously applied (Alexander 1968) does not accurately identify the language. Here we compare the sociohistorical data for Woorabinda to similar data for both Kriol, a creole spoken in the Northern Territory of Australia and to Bajan, an ‘intermediate creole’ of Barbados, to argue that the language spoken in Woorabinda is most likely also an intermediate creole.

scholarly journals Arhiivimaterjalide juurdepääsu ja konteksti küsimused Õpetatud Eesti Seltsi käsikirjakogu näitel / Issues of Access and Context of Archival Materials: Explorative Database of the Manuscript Collection of the Learned Estonian Society

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Leiminger ◽  
Aija Sakova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Dublin Core ◽  
The Public ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire

Artikkel uurib Eesti riiklikes arhiivides asuvate mitte-eestikeelsete käsikirjakogude juurdepääsu ja konteksti küsimusi. Juhtumiuuring keskendub baltisaksa estofiilide 1938. aastal asutatud Õpetatud Eesti Seltsi käsikirjakogudele Eesti Kirjandusmuuseumis, mis on jagatud Eesti Kultuuriloolise Arhiivi ja Eesti Rahvaluule Arhiivi vahel. Käsikirjakogude asukohtadest ülevaate saamine osutus keeruliseks aja- ja töömahukaks ülesandeks, mida komplitseeris veelgi fakt, et uurija ei valda eesti keelt. Täiendavaks takistuseks osutus seegi, et kättesaadavaid digihoidlaid oli võimalik kasutada ainult eesti keeles. Ühe võimaliku lahendusena neile probleemidele pakuti välja avastusliku relatsioonandmebaasi loomine, mis toob kokku mõlemas arhiivis hoitavad materjalid. Käesolevas artiklis kirjeldatakse selle andmebaasi teostamist: erisuguste metaandmete ühtlustamist ja andmebaasi täiendamist isikuregistriga, ning arutletakse, kuidas seda andmebaasi mugava kasutajaliidese abil edasi arendada.   Access to archival sources is often determined by the cultural-historical context of the archive where it is preserved. The Estonian state funded archives’ provenance is largely shaped by the Estonian Baltic-German colonial history, the earlier belonging of the Estonian territory to the Swedish Empire (1583–1721) and its later incorporation into the Russian Empire (1721–1917); as a result, archives contain very multi-layered and multi-language archival materials. This article is dedicated to the issues of access and context of German archival materials from the nineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth century in Estonian archives. It is based on the manuscript collection of the Learned Estonian Society (LES), located at two different archives of the Estonian Literary Museum: The Estonian Folklore Archives and the Estonian Cultural History Archives. The access to this collection is obstructed for non-Estonian speakers by a complex Estonian archival system. However, without the public being able to interact with materials and re-evaluate and re-figure their contents (Hamilton, Harris, and Reid 2002, 7), the relevance of materials to be preserved in an archive diminishes. The questions of what, how, and when materials can be made accessible, especially through digitisation processes, are convoluted and carry a lot of weight. Every decision made in this regard by the custodians can reflect and perpetuate power dynamics in archives, favouring certain groups of materials and dismissing others. The article discusses how an archive’s special role as a memory institution should influence these decisions about accessibility. Therefore, the relations between memory, history and institutions are reflected in the light of Aleida Assmann’s and Juri Lotman’s theories of memory.  The article also proposes the building of a new explorative database as one possible solution helping to overcome some of these issues connected to access and context. It thus presents the Master’s Project by Larissa Leiminger (2020a) and the resulting website “Sammlungen der Gelehrten Estnischen Gesellschaft” (accessible via https://galerii.kirmus.ee/GEG/) (2020b), which explored and implemented this solution. The database is constructed on the basis of the Omeka Classic software and displays metadata according to the Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI). It currently contains 931 objects, (717 manuscript items and 214 individuals), which can be explored via two different search options as well as by a tag word system and the implicit relations between items and creators. At the same time, it provides some additional information on the context of the collections and the persons connected with the shaping of these collections. A short history of the LES, its collections and secondary literature can be found on the pages “Die Gesellschaft” and “Die Sammlungen”. To follow the principles of transparency and to reflect the archival practices involved, the website also holds information about the scope, intention, and shortcomings of this Project on the “Das Projekt” page. The “F&A” page further clarifies some of the website’s functions and provides some details on how the archival materials can be accessed either digitally or in person. As a newly established resource, the website and the incorporated database could pave the way to a multitude of different research questions.

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