scholarly journals THE FIGHT AGAINST “HUNGRY TYPHUS” BY ZEMSTVO MEDICAL STAFF IN THE PERM PROVINCE IN 1908–1914

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Svetlana V. Golikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Rickettsia Prowazekii ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Organizational Innovations ◽  
Insufficient Knowledge ◽  
Body Lice

The paper describes sanitary-hygienic, epidemiological, medical and food measures against carried out by medics during the outbreaks of typhus in 1908–1914. As this infection became a hunger marker in Russia, the object of the study is an epidemic situation in three counties (“uezd”) of the Perm province — Ekaterinburgskiy, Kamyshlovskiy, Shadrinskiy — which population constantly suffered from a crop failure. Based on the materials of “The medical and sanitary chronicle of the Perm province”, (“Vrachebno-sanitarnaya hronika Permskoy gubernii”) containing publications describing epidemics of typhus, the author considers application of the achievements of biological and medical sciences for outlining rational strategy for measures against typhus (implementation of disinfection and disinsection procedures) and identifies two organizational innovations introduced in that time. The first epidemiological teams consisting of doctors, paramedics (“fel’dsher”) and nurses were organized and sent to the epidemic focuses. These units were intended to detect, isolate and treat typhus patients, carry out disinfection and disinfestation in special temporary anti-typhoid barracks. The population began to use temporary hospitals actively, disinfect their houses and property. However, the insufficient knowledge of a transmission pathway of infection (its causative agent — Rickettsia prowazekii — and the carrier — body lice) hampered the further development of effective anti-typhoid measures and, as a result, challenged the whole complex of proposed activities.

scholarly journals Association between Job Satisfaction, Burnout, and Patient Safety Culture among Medical Staff of the Qom University of Medical Sciences in 2020, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
Azadeh Asgarian ◽  
Roghayeh Sadeghi ◽  
Fatemeh Abolhasani ◽  
Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi ◽  
Alireza Omidi Oskouei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Patient Safety ◽  
Safety Culture ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Patient Safety Culture ◽  
Medical Sciences

MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS IN OPERATING ROOM: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imani Behzad ◽  
Bastami Maryam
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Surgical Technologists

Aim: The present study sought to understand the semantics of surgical technologists about the causes and factors inducing musculoskeletal disorders in operating room medical staff. Background: The physical health of operating room technologists, affecting the health of patients, causes mental health problems and reduces occupational performance. Methods: A qualitative and phenomenological study was conducted. The statistical population included all surgical technologists of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, from which 10 individuals were selected by non-probability and snowball sampling methods, and in-depth interviews were carried out for them. Results: In data analysis, the primary code was extracted in the form of 14 sub-themes and 5 main categories, including management factors, facilities, manpower status, destructive factors of the work field, and miscellaneous factors. Conclusion: The operating room medical staff considers muscular discomfort and pain in the head, neck, wrist, back, and legs as skeletal disorder, and they believe that factors such as managerial measures, poor equipment and lack of facilities, manpower status, destructive factors of intensive, long, and repetitive work fields, and some miscellaneous factors are effective in their occurrence. Relevance to clinical practice: As the medical staff are faced with physical, mental, and psychological pressures due to the difficulty of work, lack of facilities, attitudes of supervisors and managers as well as colleagues, this research can be effective and useful in order to introduce more of these dimensions to the relevant authorities.

scholarly journals ІНФОРМАЦІЙНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ І СИСТЕМИ ДЛЯ РАННЬОЇ ДІАГНОСТИКИ ОНКОЛОГІЧНИХ ЗАХВОРЮВАНЬ ЗА РІВНЕМ ЦИРКУЛЮЮЧИХ ПУХЛИННИХ КЛІТИН

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Chernyshova ◽  
S. M. Zlepko ◽  
O. Yu. Azarkhov ◽  
S. O. Danylkov ◽  
V. Ye. Kryvonosov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Early Diagnostics ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
Determination Of Parameters ◽  
Insufficient Knowledge

Most modern systems and technologies of the automated analysis of medical microscopic images and early diagnostics of oncological diseases are analyzed in the article. The methods and algorithms used for image processing, segmentation, determination of parameters of the object, which are determined manually and require additional knowledge, make it significantly complicated for their practical application in clinical medicine due to insufficient knowledge of medical staff.

scholarly journals Rabies virus-based COVID-19 vaccine CORAVAX™ induces high levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2

npj Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Drishya Kurup ◽  
Christoph Wirblich ◽  
Holly Ramage ◽  
Matthias J. Schnell
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Vaccine Platform ◽  
The World ◽  
Further Development

Abstract The recently emerged coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, is rapidly spreading in the world. The exponentially expanding threat of SARS-CoV-2 to global health highlights the urgent need for a vaccine. Herein we show the rapid development of a novel, highly efficient, and safe COVID-19 vaccine using a rabies virus-based vector that has proven to be an efficient vaccine against several emerging infectious diseases. This study reports that both a live and an inactivated rabies virus containing the SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 protein induces potent virus-neutralizing antibodies at much higher levels than seen in the sera of convalescent patients. In summary, the results provided here warrant further development of this safe and established vaccine platform against COVID-19.

scholarly journals Modern approaches to ensure hand hygiene of medical staff in a measure complex for prevention of nosocomial infections in health facilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
E.V. Khandoga ◽  
I.V. Kochin ◽  
R.L. Terekhov ◽  
A.A. Ostapenko ◽  
V.V. Tsarjov
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Contact Allergy ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Targeted Analysis ◽  
Further Development

Hand hygiene of medical staff plays a significant role in the prevention of nosocomial infections in healthcare facilities. Therefore, there is a need to identify approaches to facilitate proper adherence to hand hygiene. The study aims to substantiate the need for hand hygiene of medical staff, to explore modern methods for evaluating the effectiveness of hand hygiene supplies and problems associated with the use of these supplies along with their solutions. The authors have carried out the general and targeted analysis and expert evaluation of research results regarding measures for the prevention of nosocomial infections in health facilities. Analytical study of a large number of sources (over 50) on modern approaches to ensure hand hygiene of medical staff has been conducted with Content analysis and Open Source Intelligence methods. As a result of the study, authors have identified the need for further development of strategies to facilitate hand hygiene in health facilities and for the improvement of existing educational and motivational programs dedicated to hand hygiene of medical staff. Factors that may affect the effectiveness of antiseptics usage have been highlighted. The authors emphasize adverse reactions associated with the use of hand hygiene supplies (contact dermatitis and contact allergy) and the need for the development of measures to reduce risks of these adverse reactions among medical staff.

scholarly journals SI «A. P. ROMODANOV NEUROSURGERY INSTITUTE OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES OF UKRAINE» CELEBRATES THE 70 - TH ANNIVERSARY

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Eugene Pedachenko ◽  
Leonid Pichkur ◽  
Vadym Biloshytsky ◽  
Valentyna Rudenko
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Neurosurgery ◽  
State Institution ◽  
Vascular Pathology ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Endoscopic Techniques ◽  
Pain Syndromes ◽  
Electrophysiological Studies ◽  
Institute Staff ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Further Development

In 2020, State Institution «A. P. Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine» (hereinafter referred to as Institute) occupies the glorious anniversary – 70 years since its foundation. By order of the Minister of Health of the USSR No. 439 of July 3, 1950, the structure and staffing of the Kyiv Research Institute of Neurosurgery were approved in the amount of 291 units. The regulations on the Institute were approved by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine on August 4, 1950. Departments of Neuro-oncology, Acute Trauma of the Central and Peripheral Nervous System, Neurovascular Pathology, Restorative Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery were established in the structure of the Institute. The Neurosurgery Institute in different years was headed by: O.I. Arutiunov (1950–1964), A.P. Romodanov (1964–1993), Yu.P. Zozulia (1993–2013), E.G. Pedachenko (since February 2013). Today, the Institute's clinical base consists of 15 specialized departments with 361 beds, where up to 7,000 patients are treated annually. In the out-patient department, from 30,000 to 40,000 patients receive counseling every year. In 15 operating rooms, more than 5,000 operations of the highest complexity are performed per year. Comprehensive examination and treatment of patients are provided by the scientific and diagnostic departments and laboratories. Currently, the Neurosurgery Institute staff amounts for 1,008 employees, including 38 doctors of medicine, 14 professors, and 80 candidates of medical sciences. Currently, the State Institution "Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute of NAMS of Ukraine" occupies a leading position in the diagnosing and treatment of neurosurgical pathology in Ukraine. The Institute has established and operates scientific schools on neurotrauma, neuro-oncology, vascular pathology of the brain and spinal cord, minimally invasive spinal neurosurgery, neurotransplantation, and neuroimmunology, which are headed and developed by leading specialists of the Institute. Throughout the existence of the Institute, training of scientific personnel is constantly carried out. The prospects for further development of the Neurosurgery Institute are intended in wide implementation of neuromodulation method, the development of gene therapy, the use of invasive electrophysiological studies and modern neuroimaging, the improvement and widespread adoption of endoscopic techniques in the neurosurgical practice, the development and implementation of methods of reconstructive neurosurgery and the treatment of chronic pain syndromes. It is extremely important for Ukraine to create a scientific and practical center for neurotrauma and a modern rehabilitation center on the basis of the Institute. Keywords: Neurosurgery Institute; anniversary; history

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on Anxiety of Medical and Non-medical Staff due to Exposure and Non-exposure ‎to the Novel Coronavirus Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 710-723
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rahmanian ◽  
◽  
Ali Reza Kamali ◽  
Hadi Mosalanezhad ◽  
Mahdi Foroughian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Staff ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Administrative Staff ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vice Chancellor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Background and Aim: The recent Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has caused a lot of stress and anxiety in the world. Given that health care workers are at the forefront of fighting against COVID-19, they are the first to be exposed to this disease. Methods & Materials: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on 402 medical and administrative staff working in hospitals and health centers affiliated to Jahrom University of Medical Sciences in 2020. Data collection tools were a demographic form and the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS). Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Vice-Chancellor for Research of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.JUMS.REC.1399.046). Results: The mean score of psychological symptoms of anxiety in the medical staff (46.91) was higher than in the administrative staff (42.63). Its physical symptoms were also higher in the clinical staff (12.80) compared to the administrative staff (10.94). There was a significant difference between the clinical and administrative staff in terms of anxiety (P=0.030). Conclusion: Medical staff has higher psychological and physical symptoms of anxiety compared to the non-medical staff during the COVID-19 outbreak. Therefore, in order to reduce the anxiety of medical staff, health policymakers should take the necessary measures to take care of this group.

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