scholarly journals TL 18099 - Short-term changes after corticosteroid injections into the normal tendons of rabbits

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (Supl 1) ◽  
pp. 82S
Author(s):  
Alexandre Leme Godoy-Santos ◽  
Kandir Genesio Innocenti Dinhane ◽  
Alexandre Todorovic Fabro ◽  
Maria Regina Moretto ◽  
Igor Depra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Injection ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Calcaneal Tendon ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
The Right ◽  
Corticosteroid Injections

Introduction: Corticosteroid injections in or around tendons for the treatment of athletic injuries are a common practice among orthopedic surgeons and are apparently efficacious in the short term, although controversies persist related to local complications. Objective: This study evaluated short-term (48 hours) biomechanical, biochemical, and histological alterations after a single injection of betamethasone into the normal tendons of rabbits. Methods: A total of 72 New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups: the test group - in which 36 animals underwent 1 intratendinous injection of betamethasone (1.4 mg / 0.2 mL) in the right calcaneal tendon; the control group - in which the right calcaneal tendon of 36 animals was injected with saline (placebo control group) and the left calcaneal tendon was left untreated for normal standards (normal control). Forty-eight hours later, the animals were euthanized and the tendons harvested. Metalloproteinase (MMP1 and MMP2) and interleukin (IL1 and IL6) expression levels, biomechanical resistance (load 3 elongation parameters), and histomorphometry (hematoxylin and eosin and picrosirius red stains for collagen fibers, tenocytes, and inflammatory cells) were analyzed in the tendons. Results: The test group showed a significant reduction in MMP2 expression compared with the control groups (P = .027). Regarding the other parameters, there were no additional significant differences between the groups. Conclusion: A single injection of corticosteroid into normal calcaneal tendons did not trigger acute local morphological, structural, or biomechanical injuries at 48 hours, but it did promote a significant decrease in MMP2 levels. Additional studies are needed with increased follow-up durations, various doses, and multiple injections and in tendinopathic models.

Short-term Changes After Corticosteroid Injections Into the Normal Tendons of Rabbits: A Controlled Randomized Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 721-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kandir Genesio Innocenti Dinhane ◽  
Alexandre Leme Godoy-Santos ◽  
Alexandre Todorovic Fabro ◽  
Maria Regina Moretto ◽  
Igor Deprá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Injection ◽  
Corticosteroid Injection ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Calcaneal Tendon ◽  
The Right ◽  
Corticosteroid Injections

Background: Corticosteroid injections in or around tendons for the treatment of athletic injuries are a common practice among orthopaedic surgeons and are apparently efficacious in the short term, although controversies persist related to local complications. Purpose: This study evaluated short-term (48 hours) biomechanical, biochemical, and histological alterations after a single injection of betamethasone into the normal tendons of rabbits. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 72 New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups: the test group—in which 36 animals underwent 1 intratendinous injection of betamethasone (1.4 mg / 0.2 mL) in the right calcaneal tendon; the control group—in which the right calcaneal tendon of 36 animals was injected with saline (placebo control group) and the left calcaneal tendon was left untreated for normal standards (normal control). Forty-eight hours later, animals were euthanized and tendons were harvested. Metalloproteinase (MMP1 and MMP2) and interleukin (IL1 and IL6) expression levels, biomechanical resistance (load × elongation parameters), and histomorphometry (hematoxylin and eosin and picrosirius red stains for collagen fibers, tenocytes, and inflammatory cells) were analyzed in the tendons. Results: The test group had a significant reduction in MMP2 expression as compared with the control groups ( P = .027). Regarding the other parameters, there were no additional significant differences between the groups. Conclusion: A single injection of corticosteroid into normal calcaneal tendons did not trigger acute local morphological, structural, or biomechanical injuries at 48 hours, but it did promote a significant decrease in MMP2 levels. Additional studies are needed with increased duration of follow-up, various doses, and multiple injections and in tendinopathic models. Clinical Relevance: Some previous studies demonstrated early structural changes in tendons after a single corticosteroid injection, which was not corroborated by the present study. Metalloproteinase decrease is usually associated with a reduction in collagen degradation, which would be protective for the healing process. More studies are necessary to confirm the possible beneficial effect of these results in the long term and for tendinopathies.

scholarly journals Evaluation of effect of local exogenous application of Myrrh oil on healing of wound incisions of facial skin (Histochemical, Histological and Histomorphometrical study in rabbits)

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawar Bahjet Kamil ◽  
Nada M. Al-Ghaban
Keyword(s):  
Healing Process ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Facial Skin ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
New Zealand Rabbits

Aim of the study: Is to evaluate the effect of myrrh oil local application on the healing process of skin wounds histologically , histomorphometrically and , histochemically. Materials and methods:Twenty male white New Zealand rabbits were used in this study. An incisional wounds with full thickness depth and of 2 cm length were done on both sides of the cheek skin of each rabbit. The left sided incisions (the control group) were irrigated with distilled water (10µL). The right sided incisions (the experimental groups) were treated with myrrh oil (10µL). Each group was subdivided into 4 subgroups according to the healing interval into 1,3,7 and 14 days(5 rabbits for each group). Results: Histological findings of our current study showed a highly significant difference between the experimental and the control groups in count of the inflammatory cells which showed that mean values increased with time for the control and the experimental groups. The histomorphometrical findings had shown that the thickness of the epithelium was nearly completed at about 7 days for the experimental groups and at about 14 days for the control. The blood vessels count was recorded to have a highly significant difference between the groups at days 1 and 3 only. The histochemical findings had shown that the collagen fibers remodeling had recorded a highly significant difference between the control and the experimental groups at days 7 and 14. Conclusion: The current study had revealed that myrrh oil accelerates wounds healing in rabbits. Key word:Wound healing , Myrrh oil, Masson’s Trichrome staining.

scholarly journals Early alterations in myocardia and vessels of the diabetic rat heart: an FTIR microspectroscopic study

2006 ◽  
Vol 397 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neslihan Toyran ◽  
Peter Lasch ◽  
Dieter Naumann ◽  
Belma Turan ◽  
Feride Severcan
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Rat Heart ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Right ◽  
Left Ventricle Myocardium

Diabetes mellitus is associated with a high incidence and poor prognosis of cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of relatively short-term (5 weeks) Type I diabetes on the left ventricle, the right ventricle and the vessel (vein) on the left ventricle of the myocardium at molecular level by FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared) microspectroscopy. The rats were categorized into two groups: control group (for the left ventricle myocardium, n=8; for the right ventricle myocardium, n=9; for the vein, n=9) and streptozotocin-induced diabetic group (for the left ventricle myocardium, n=7; for the right ventricle myocardium, n=9; for the vein, n=8). Two adjacent cross-sections of 9 μm thickness were taken from the ventricles of the hearts in two groups of rats by using a cryotome. The first sections were used for FTIR microspectroscopy measurements. The second serial sections were stained by haematoxylin/eosin for comparative purposes. Diabetes caused an increase in the content of lipids, an alteration in protein profile with a decrease in α-helix and an increase in β-sheet structure as well as an increase in glycogen and glycolipid contents in both ventricles and the vein. Additionally, the collagen content was found to be increased in the vein of the diabetic group. The present study demonstrated that diabetes-induced alterations in the rat heart can be detected by correlating the IR spectral changes with biochemical profiles in detail. The present study for the first time demonstrated the diabetes-induced alterations at molecular level in both ventricle myocardia and the veins in relatively short-term diabetes.

Visual Span of Apprehension in Patients with Unilateral Cerebral Lesions

1971 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth K. Warrington ◽  
P. Rabin
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cerebral Lesions ◽  
Visual Short Term Memory ◽  
Visual Span ◽  
Random Letter ◽  
Left Posterior ◽  
The Right

The visual span of apprehension for random letter and digit sequences, approximations to English sequences and non-symbolic line stimuli was measured in patients with unilateral cerebral lesions. The left hemisphere group was significantly impaired relative to the right hemisphere group and a control group on all three types of visual span task. The deficit was most marked in patients with left posterior lesions. The visual span deficits were not related to other language deficits. The findings are discussed in terms of a modality-specific defect of visual short-term memory.

scholarly journals Histologic study of use of microfibrillar collagen hemostat in rat dental sockets

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Magro-Érnica ◽  
Osvaldo Magro-Filho ◽  
Idelmo Rangel-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Histologic Study ◽  
Socket Healing ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
The Right ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

The aim of this paper was to evaluate if the placement of microfibrillar collagen hemostat (MCH) into a dental socket interfered with healing. General anesthesia was administered to 30 adult male Albinus Wistar rats and the maxillary right central incisor was extracted. In the control group after each tooth was extracted, the socket was sutured. In the MCH group after each tooth was extracted, MCH was placed into the socket before suturing. Postoperatively, 5 animals were sacrificed from each group at 7, 21 and 28 days. The right maxilla was removed from each animal and histologic slides were stained with Masson's trichromic and hematoxylin and eosin. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were done. The percentage of bone area in the dental socket was quantified using the Image Lab 98 image analysis system. The bone area formation for the control and MCH groups was: 8.1% and 3.3% at 7 days, 34.4% and 33% at 21 days and 41% and 41.3% at 28 days, respectively. We concluded that MCH interferes with the beginning of dental socket healing but does not interfere with the final healing of the dental socket.

scholarly journals Efficacy of solifenacin in the prevention of short-term complications after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 2119-2127
Author(s):  
Ranxing Yang ◽  
Lijie Liu ◽  
Gaofeng Li ◽  
Jianjun Yu
Keyword(s):  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Urinary Flow ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Night Time

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of solifenacin in the prevention of short-term complications after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). Methods This randomized placebo-controlled study enrolled patients with histologically proven prostate cancer who underwent LRP. The patients were randomized to receive either solifenacin (5 mg once daily; study group) or placebo (control group) for the 15-day period beginning on the first day after surgery. The mean duration of detrusor overactivity (DO), the frequency of DO, the duration of macroscopic haematuria, and the days before catheter removal were recorded. The International Continence Society Short Form Male questionnaire, bladder neck stenosis episodes, and maximum urinary flow rate were evaluated at 1 month after surgery. The side-effects after using solifenacin were also recorded. Results A total of 120 patients were randomly assigned to the study group ( n = 62) or the control group ( n = 58). There were significantly lower rates of DO episodes during the daytime and night-time, haematuria and transient incontinence in the study group compared with the control group. Conclusion Solifenacin was a well-tolerated and effective treatment for the prevention of complications after LRP, with the main advantage compared with placebo being the decreased frequency of DO episodes during the daytime and night-time.

scholarly journals Occlusal Hypofunction Induces Atrophic Changes in Rat Gingiva

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 1015-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Ishida ◽  
Zuisei Kanno ◽  
Kunimichi Soma
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Lysyl Oxidase ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maxillary Molars ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
The Right

Abstract Objective: To clarify the influence of occlusal hypofunction on the integrity of gingival tissue and gingival extracellular matrix biosynthesis. Materials and Methods: Thirteen-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into two groups. To eliminate occlusal forces, all the right maxillary molars were extracted in the hypofunctional group. The control group was anesthetized but not subjected to surgery. The rats were killed at 2 and 4 weeks after the procedure, and the lower right second molars were prepared for histological analysis. To investigate the effect of occlusal hypofunction on collagen biosynthesis, the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and lysyl oxidase (LOX) was determined by immunohistochemistry as well as histological examination by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results: Disorientation of the collagen fibers, proliferation of the connective tissue fibroblasts, and enlargement of epithelial intercellular gaps were observed in gingival tissue of rat molars with experimental occlusal hypofunction. Immunohistochemically, the expression of CTGF and LOX was increased significantly (P < .05) in the hypofunctional group. Conclusion: These results suggest that occlusal hypofunction can affect the structural integrity and the expression of CTGF and LOX in gingival tissue.

Effect of Enamel Matrix Derivative (Emdogain) on Bone Defects in Rabbit Tibias

2004 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Cornelini ◽  
Antonio Scarano ◽  
Maurizio Piattelli ◽  
Sebastiano Andreana ◽  
Ugo Covani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Group ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Enamel Matrix Derivative ◽  
Enamel Matrix ◽  
The Right ◽  
Observation Times ◽  
Microscopy Examination ◽  
Observation Period ◽  
Matrix Derivative

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the effect of an enamel matrix derivative (Emdogain, Biora, AB, Malmö, Sweden) on bone healing. Ten New Zealand rabbits, weighing about 2.5 kg, were used. One 8-mm bone defect was created in each tibia. The defect on the right leg was filled with Emdogain, whereas the defect on the opposite leg was left unfilled as control. A total of 20 defects were created. Five rabbits each were killed at 4 and 8 weeks with an overdose of Tanax. Block sections containing the defects were retrieved and the specimens processed for light microscopy examination. The slides were stained with acid and basic fuchsin and toluidine blue. Histologically, no differences were noted in both groups at each observation period; in the test group, remnants of the implanted Emdogain were not present at 4 weeks. Newly formed bone was detectable in both groups at all observation times. At 8 weeks, both groups showed mature bone, and in the test group the material implanted was not visible. No inflammatory cells were visible in both groups. In conclusion, our results indicate that Emdogain implanted in bone defects is fully resorbed after 4 to 8 weeks and does not adversely affect bone formation.

Short-term undernutrition and prenatal mortality in young and mature Merino ewes

1975 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Mackenzie ◽  
T. N. Edey
Keyword(s):  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Cycle Lengths ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Right

SUMMARYPrenatal mortality was examined in 74 primiparous Merino ewes which, after hand mating to fertile rams on the second oestrus following synchronization, were allocated to two groups. One group of 38 ewes was confined to yards and restricted to approximately 30% of their maintenance requirement for 14 days while the other group of 36 remained at pasture. The degree and timing of prenatal loss was assessed by corpora lutea counts, pregnancy diagnosis about day 40, returns to service and lambing records.The mean ovulation rate was 1·06 and the 19-day non-return rate was 87·8%. Pregnancy failed in a higher proportion of the underfed ewes (45·0%) than in the control ewes (30·8%) but this difference did not reach significance. Of the ewes returning to service, significantly more did so with cycles longer than 19 days in the underfed group (9/12) than in the control group (2/8), indicating that in the latter stages, the treatment may have been detrimental to embryo survival.In a second experiment, ovulation rate and prenatal mortality, assessed as in the first experiment, were studied in 85 mature Merino ewes subjected to the following nutritional treatments: HH, control; HL, 30% submaintenance feeding for 14 days following mating; LH, 15% submaintenance feeding for 7 days prior to mating; LL, both submaintenance treatments.Acute undernutrition prior to mating (LH) had no effect on ovulation rate or prenatal mortality. Ovulation rates were low over all groups (mean 1·09) and thus precluded any valid examination of ovulation rate and body weight relationships. The right ovary was significantly more active in producing ova than the left in all groups (P < 0·05). Although ova wastage was apparently higher in. the post-mating undernutrition groups (HL, 44%; LL, 48%; LH, 50%) than in the control group (HH, 35%), the differences were not significant. An increased incidence of extended (> 19 days) first-return cycle lengths in group LL provided some evidence of induced prenatal mortality.In so far as the experiments can be considered together, they indicate that if body weights are comparable, primiparous 1½-year-old ewes are not necessarily more susceptible than mature ewes to prenatal mortality induced by severe short-term undernutrition.

scholarly journals Formulation, Optimization and Pharmacodynamic Studies of Pioglitazone HCl Solid Lipid Nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
pp. 329-341
Author(s):  
Y. Indira Muzib ◽  
E. Ramya ◽  
Y. R. Ambedkar
Keyword(s):  
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Solid Lipid ◽  
Group I

Pioglitazone HCl is an oral anti-diabetic agent used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type II. The aim of the present work is to evaluate the pharmacodynamic activity of solid lipid nanoparticles of pioglitazone HCL prepared by using solvent injection technique and to compare with the control and test group. Among all the formulations, F5 was found to possess highest in-vitro drug release within 24 hrs i.e., 95.02±1.26%. The in vivo studies were performed using male albino rats of wistar strain (150-200g). Rats were divided in to five groups (n=6), group-I normal, group-II diabetes control, group-III   placebo control, group-IV reference, group-V test group. Diabetes was induced by streptazocin (60 mg/kg) by intraperitonial route. The reference group was treated with marketed tablet of pioglitazone HCL, test groups were treated with SLNs suspended in 0.1% Tween 80 and given to animals through oral gavages. Blood samples were collected by retro-orbital puncture before treatment, and after treatment at time intervals 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 24h in anti-coagulated vials. Parameters like glucose, tri glycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and HDL-C were estimated by calorimetric method.  Diabetes induced rats showed elevated levels of glucose, TG, TC and reduced HDL. The oral administration of drug loaded SLNs in 0.1% Tween 80 solution showed reduced levels of glucose, TG and elevated levels of HDL-C and slightly reduced levels of TG in 24 h where as the marketed tablet showed reduced levels of glucose, TG and TC up-to 12 h and in 24thh  the glucose levels get elevated. Thus the optimized SLNs showed prolonged activity.

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