AEGILOPS CYLINDRICA HOST: DESCRIPTION OF ACCESSIONS ACCORDING TO THEIR RESISTANCE TO LEAF RUST, SEPTORIA BLOTCH, SPOT BLOTCH AND POWDERY MILDEW

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Kolesova ◽  
◽  
L.G. Tyryshkin ◽  
N.N. Chikida ◽  
M.Kh. Belousova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Aegilops Cylindrica

scholarly journals Phytosanitary condition of winter barley crops in the Krasnodar krai and the Republic of Adygea in the pre-harvest period

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (25) ◽  
pp. 50-63
Author(s):  
G.V. Volkova ◽  
◽  
A.V. Danilova ◽  
L.N. Shulyakovskaya ◽  
A.V. Minakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Krasnodar Krai ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Barley Net Blotch

Phytosanitary monitoring is the most important element of integrated plant protection. It is used to identify the state of crops, the spread of diseases, the degree of their damage, and also to plan the protective measures. The aim of the research was to assess the development of the most dangerous diseases on winter barley crops in the Krasnodar Krai and the Republic of Adygea (alternate spelling: Adygeya) in the pre-harvest period in 2017–2019 (late May-beginning of June, late milk-early dough stage of development (Z 70-75)). The analysis of the three-year dynamics of pathogens development on winter barley was carried out. The obtained data were compared with the agro-climatic conditions of the growing seasons. Phytosanitary and agroecological observations were carried out according to generally accepted methods and techniques. In the agricultural season 2016–2017, the weather in autumn was warm; winter was mild and snowless; spring was early with an unstable temperature regime and significant lack of precipitation. Warm and dry autumn, snowless winter with long thaws, spring with temperature changes were observed during the growing season of 2017–2018. Autumn in the 2018–2019 vegetative season was cool. Winter was mild and snowless. Sharp changes in air temperature were observed in spring. There was a shortage of precipitation, however, heavy precipitation was noted later. Spot blotch of barley (Cochliobolus sativus (S. Ito & Kuribayashi) Drechs.), barley net blotch (Pyrenophora teres Drechsler.), powdery mildew of barley (Blumeria graminis (DC.) Speer) and leaf rust of barley (Puccinia hordei G. H. Otth.) were detected in the pathogenic complex of the crop. Different types of leaf spots of barley dominated among the detected plant diseases. Intensive development of spot blotch was observed on winter barley crops in Kurganinsky (47.9 %), Dinsky (30.0 %), Novokubansky (28.3 %) and Vyselkovsky (26.3 %) districts, as well as in the Maykop district of the Republic of Adygea (28.3 %). Significant development of barley net blotch was recorded in Kushchevsky (33.5 %), Dinsky (30.8 %) and Novokubansky (29.2 %) districts. The level of powdery mildew development was low (up to 1 %) in all regions. Just a few cases of leaf rust of barley during three years of research were noted. The results of phytosanitary monitoring are presented in the form of electronic maps of the spread of winter barley diseases in the regions of the Krasnodar Krai and the Republic of Adygea.

Allelism and resistance loci of powdery mildew and leaf rust in Egyptian hexaploid bread wheat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Sobhy Draz ◽  
Ahmed Fawzy Elkot ◽  
Abdelrazek Shaarawy Abdelrhim
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Bread Wheat

Resistance of Tangmai 4 wheat to powdery mildew, stem rust, leaf rust, and stripe rust and its chromosome composition

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 1015-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Li ◽  
R. L. Conner ◽  
B. D. McCallum ◽  
X. M. Chen ◽  
H. Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Rust Diseases ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Secale Cereale L

The hard red winter wheat Tangmai 4 did not develop symptoms of infection following inoculation with powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis DC. f. sp. tritici E. Marchal) isolates from regions of western Canada and northern China. Tangmai 4 exhibited resistance to stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & Henn.) and leaf rust (P. triticina Eriks.) races from western Canada. This wheat line was resistant to individual stripe rust (P. striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Eriks.) races from the U.S. and Canada. Sequential C-banding and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), and electrophoretic analyses of high molecular weight glutenins and gliadins demonstrated that Tangmai 4 carried a pair of T1BL·1RS wheat-rye (Secale cereale L.) translocated chromosomes. Since the genes located on T1BL·1RS are no longer effective in controlling powdery mildew and the rust diseases, Tangmai 4 must carry additional genes for resistance to these diseases, which makes it a valuable resource for the improvement of resistance in wheat against these diseases. Key words: T1BL·1RS translocation, disease resistance, sequential C-banding and GISH, glutenin, gliadin

Cytological and molecular analysis of nonhost resistance in rice to wheat powdery mildew and leaf rust pathogens

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 252 (4) ◽  
pp. 1167-1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulin Cheng ◽  
Juanni Yao ◽  
Hongchang Zhang ◽  
Lili Huang ◽  
Zhensheng Kang
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Nonhost Resistance ◽  
Wheat Powdery Mildew ◽  
Rust Pathogens

scholarly journals Molecular Mapping of Loci Conferring Susceptibility to Spot Blotch and Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Barley Using the Sequencing-Based Genotyping Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 440-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueqiang Leng ◽  
Mingxia Zhao ◽  
Jason Fiedler ◽  
Antonín Dreiseitl ◽  
Shiaoman Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Molecular Mapping ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Trait Locus

Spot blotch (SB) caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana and powdery mildew (PM) caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei are two important diseases of barley. To map genetic loci controlling susceptibility and resistance to these diseases, a mapping population consisting of 138 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed from the cross between Bowman and ND5883. A genetic map was constructed for the population with 852 unique single nucleotide polymorphism markers generated by sequencing-based genotyping. Bowman and ND5883 showed distinct infection responses at the seedling stage to two isolates (ND90Pr and ND85F) of Bipolaris sorokiniana and one isolate (Race I) of Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei. Genetic analysis of the RILs revealed that one major gene (Scs6) controls susceptibility to Bipolaris sorokiniana isolate ND90Pr, and another major gene (Mla8) confers resistance to Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei isolate Race I, respectively. Scs6 was mapped on chromosome 1H of Bowman, as previously reported. Mla8 was also mapped to the short arm of 1H, which was tightly linked but not allelic to the Rcs6/Scs6 locus. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis identified two QTLs, QSbs-1H-P1 and QSbs-7H-P1, responsible for susceptibility to spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana isolate ND85F in ND5883, which are located on chromosome 1H and 7H, respectively. QSbs-7H-P1 was mapped to the same region as Rcs5, whereas QSbs-1H-P1 may represent a novel allele conferring seedling stage susceptibility to isolate ND85F. Identification and molecular mapping of the loci for SB susceptibility and PM resistance will facilitate development of barley cultivars with resistance to the diseases.

scholarly journals Sources of resistance to fungal diseases for selection of spring soft wheat

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Tatyana Yuryevna Taranova ◽  
Alexander Ivanovich Kincharov ◽  
Elena Anatolyevna Demina ◽  
Olga Sergeevna Mullayanova
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
New Genes ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
Resistance To Fungal Diseases

For breeding to create varieties resistant to fungal diseases, it is effective to work in the search for new genes of resistance to pathogens, as well as to constantly update the gene pool of spring wheat. The researches were conducted in 2014-2019 in the Samara region. The object of study was 352 collection samples of spring soft wheat of various ecological and geographical groups. The assessment of samples for resistance to fungal pathogens was carried out against a natural infectious background, including in years with a strong development of certain diseases (powdery mildew – 2014, brown rust – 2016, 2017). Accounting of plant damage by fungal diseases was carried out according to generally accepted phytopathological methods. Since 2000, the laboratory has studied and developed more than one thousand collection samples, formed working characteristic collections of samples for resistance to leaf rust (142), powdery mildew (185) and with complex resistance to these diseases (100). According to the results of six-year studies, collection samples with complex resistance to leaf rust and powdery mildew were identified: Kinelskaya yubileynaya, Erythrospermum 4112, Erythrospermum 4143, Erythrospermum 4144, Erythrospermum 4146, Erythrospermum 4147, Lutescens 6045/7, Erythrospermum 6310/10-63 (Kinel), Khutoryanka (Tambov), Ulyanovskaya 105, Yaritsa (Ulyanovsk), Tulaykovskaya 108 (Bezenchuk), Sigma 2 (Omsk), KVS Aquilon (Germany). Relatively resistant to root rot pathogens samples were noted: Kinelskaya 2010, Lutescens 3960, Erythrospermum 4112, Erythrospermum 4171, Lutescens 4394 (Kinel). The selected varieties and breeding lines are recommended by us as sources of resistance to fungal diseases for use in breeding programs of the middle Volga region and research sites with similar agro-climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Tracking of powdery mildew and leaf rust resistance genes in Triticum boeoticum and T. urartu, wild relatives of common wheat

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 45-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Hovhannisyan ◽  
M.E. Dulloo ◽  
A.H. Yesayan ◽  
H. Knüpffer ◽  
A. Amri
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Gene Marker ◽  
Sequence Tagged Sites ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Triticum Boeoticum

Wild Triticum and Aegilops species are increasingly used in wheat breeding programmes around the world as donors of genes conferring resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, as well as of genes that contribute to the improvement of grain quality. In the present study, thirty-nine accessions of diploid species with the A genome (Triticum boeoticum and T. urartu) were evaluated for the presence of the genes conferring resistance to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis) and leaf rust (Puccinia recondita) using both inoculation tests and sequence tagged sites (STS) marker analyses in order to find correspondence between STS markers and resistance as a trait. The most resistant entries were T. boeoticum accessions. All the marked Lr and Pm resistance genes (Pm1, Pm2, Pm3, Lr10, Lr47, Lr25 and Lr28) were identified in the check T. aestivum cultivar Bezostaya 1. The resistance to powdery mildew in the material studied was conferred by the combination of the Pm1 gene with either Pm2 or Pm3. The Pm1 and Pm3 markers appeared to be suitable for tracking these powdery mildew resistance genes, while the Pm2 gene marker cannot be considered as usable in various genetically different wheat accessions. The presence of the genes Lr25, Lr28 and Lr47 seems to be particularly useful for obtaining leaf rust resistance in T. boeoticum and T. urartu species.  

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