scholarly journals Effect of warmed semen extender on boar sperm quality post-collection

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2019) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
K.W. Lovercamp ◽  
A. Giri
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Semen Collection ◽  
Boar Sperm ◽  
Boar Semen ◽  
Semen Extender ◽  
And Control ◽  
Sexually Mature

Abstract Semen used for artificial insemination (AI) in the swine industry is typically collected into a warmed semen collection cup containing an empty collection bag. If the ambient temperature does not closely match the temperature of the warmed collection cup and semen at the time of collection then negative effects to the motility and morphology of the sperm cells may occur due to temperature shock. The purpose of this research was to determine if collecting boar semen directly into semen extender warmed to 38.5°C would affect sperm quality post-collection. Sexually mature Berkshire x Duroc crossbred boars (n = 7) were semen collected once per week for four consecutive weeks. Every other collection, the boar's ejaculate was collected into a collection cup and plastic collection bag warmed to 38.5°C containing either no semen extender (control) or 100 mLs of a commercially available long-term semen extender warmed to 38.5°C (treatment). Following collection and processing, the semen was extended to 37.5 × 106 sperm/mL and stored for 6 days post-collection in a semen cooler at 17°C. Motility and morphology were evaluated on day 0 (day of collection) and day 6. There was no day x treatment effect (P > 0.05). Statistical differences (P = 0.03) were found between the treatment and control for sperm motility (82.2 vs. 75.2%) and sperm progressive motility (64.1 vs. 53.5%). No differences (P = 0.96) were present for normal sperm morphology in the treatment compared to the control (89.1 vs. 89.0%). These data suggest that boar semen ejaculates collected into a collection cup and plastic collection bag containing 100 mLs of semen extender warmed to 38.5°C will have greater percentages of motile and progressively motile sperm compared to boar sperm collected into a collection cup and plastic collection bag warmed to 38.5°C containing no semen extender.

scholarly journals Cysteine addition on short-term cooled boar semen preservation and its relationship with swine field fertility

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina K Severo ◽  
Gabriel R Pereira ◽  
Andressa M Pereira ◽  
Gustavo F Ilha ◽  
João Francisco C. de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Acrosomal Membrane ◽  
Semen Preservation ◽  
Boar Semen ◽  
Semen Extender ◽  
High Concentrations

Artificial insemination is routinely used in the swine industry to reduce the costs of production through to increase the efficiency of the refrigerated boar semen process. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different levels of cysteine (CYS) added to the Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS) extender semen during cooling for up to 72 hours. Ejaculated from three boars were collected with the gloved-hand technique and semen aliquots were diluted in BTS as follow: BTS only (BTS), BTS + 0.1mM cysteine (CYS0.1), BTS + 0.5mM cysteine (CYS0.5), BTS + 1.0mM cysteine (CYS1.0), BTS + 2.5mM cysteine (CYS2.5), BTS + 5.0mM cysteine (CYS5.0), BTS + 10.0mM cysteine (CYS10.0), and BTS + 20.0mM cysteine (CYS20.0). Evaluation of sperm integrity were analyzed using 0.5mg/ml propidium iodide (plasma membrane), 100µg/ml isothiocynate-conjugated Pisum sativun agglutinin (acrosomal membrane) and 153µM 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolyl carbocyanine iodide (mitochondria potential) after semen dilution at specific times (0, 24, 48 and 72 hours). Additionally, we also evaluated the effects of 5.0 mM CYS addition in the BTS extender on the maintenance of sperm quality and their influence on fertility in the swine production. After artificial insemination, animals were evaluated based on the estrous return and the number of piglet's born. Cysteine at concentrations of 10.0 and 20.0mM resulted in more pronounced reductions even at the time zero. Semen viability decreased to levels below 10% at these high levels of CYS in the first 24 hour of storage at 17ºC. At the end of the storage time, less than 65% of sperm cells had intact plasma membrane in all groups. The sperm viability decreased significantly when the semen was added at high concentrations of CYS (time "0"; CYS10.0 and CYS20.0; p<0.05), when compared to the other CYS concentrations. The BTS (10.20±0.39) treated group showed a lower rate of estrus return when compared to other (BTSCYS; 86.05±039), and it showed also the highest total number of piglets borne per treatment (12.71±3.38 vs. 9.00±3.38, respectively). In conclusion, the addition of CYS in the BTS semen extender did not maintain spermatic viability of boar cooled spermatozoa and it results in a higher percentage of return to estrus and lower number of piglets borne.

scholarly journals Implication of Polyhistidine, a Novel Apoptosis Inhibitor, in Inhibiting Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Apoptosis in Boar Sperm

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianzeng Song ◽  
Yi Shi ◽  
Yangang Wang ◽  
Izhar Hyder Qazi ◽  
Christiana Angel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Potential Implication ◽  
Liquid Storage ◽  
Boar Sperm ◽  
Tlr4 Agonist ◽  
Reasonable Evidence ◽  
Boar Semen ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
Apoptosis Inhibitor

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) released from Gram-negative bacteria binds to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and induces boar sperm apoptosis. Similarly, polyhistidine (pHis), a TLR4 agonist, can also bind to TLR4. We hypothesized that pHis could inhibit LPS-induced sperm apoptosis by competitively binding to TLR4 to then improve sperm quality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine whether pHis can inhibit LPS-induced sperm apoptosis and affect sperm quality. The results showed that the concentrations of bacterial colonies were significantly increased from 36 to 120 h under liquid storage conditions (p < 0.05); however, concentrations of LPS in boar semen showed a relatively constant trend (4.98 ± 1.55 EU/mL) following 120 h storage. The addition of 100 μg/mL pHis in the BTS extender significantly improved boar sperm motility and viability at 37 °C, and it significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited boar sperm apoptosis under liquid storage (17 °C) and at 37 °C incubation conditions. The co-treatment of LPS and pHis further confirmed that pHis played its role in inhibiting LPS-induced sperm apoptosis. In conclusion, our preliminary findings provide reasonable evidence that pHis could act as an inhibitor of LPS-induced apoptosis in boar sperm stored for longer periods of time. pHis might inhibit LPS-induced sperm apoptosis by competitively binding to TLR4. Nevertheless, further mechanistic studies are awaited to fully elucidate its potential implication in inhibiting LSP-induced apoptosis.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Effect of a Polyphenol-Rich Murtilla (Ugni molinae Turcz.) Extract and Its Effect on the Regulation of Metabolism in Refrigerated Boar Sperm

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Jofré ◽  
Magdalena Cuevas ◽  
Leticia Signori de Castro ◽  
João Diego de Agostini Losano ◽  
Mariana Andrade Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Boar Sperm ◽  
Fertilization Capacity ◽  
Ugni Molinae

The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in boar spermatozoa increases in refrigeration; this can have an impact on sperm quality and fertilization capacity. We evaluated the effect of polyphenol-rich aqueous extract of murtilla (Ugni molinae Turcz) on boar sperm stored at 17°C in order to reduce oxidative stress and improve sperm quality in the long term. Five experiments were performed: first, characterization of the polyphenol content from five genotypes of murtilla; second, determination of the genotype with the best antioxidant effect (MT-Ex); third, the antioxidant capacity on O2- and lipid peroxidation; fourth, the influence of MT-Ex on motility, calcium movement, cAMP, and metabolic parameters; and fifth, analysis of long-term refrigeration. The average phenolic content was 344 ppm; gallic acid, catechin, quercetin, myricetin, and kaempferol were detected. All extracts evaluated presented a concentration-dependent antioxidant effect. MT-Ex reduces intracellular O2-/peroxides but low lipid peroxidation. MT-Ex in nonstimulated ROS conditions reduces sperm motility, mitochondrial membrane potential, cAMP, and ATP, but the succinate dehydrogenase activity remained normal; also, we observed a reduction in calcium movement in in vitro sperm capacitation. The long-term analyses showed that MT-Ex improved sperm motility decay and reduced membrane damage and ROS at 168 h. Based on this study, we propose MT-Ex as a supplement in semen extenders.

Sperm quality and oxidative status as affected by homogenization of liquid-stored boar semen diluted in short- and long-term extenders

2017 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 67-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana B. Menegat ◽  
Ana Paula G. Mellagi ◽  
Rafael C. Bortolin ◽  
Tila A. Menezes ◽  
Amanda R. Vargas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Boar Semen

The benefits of cooling boar semen in long-term extenders prior to cryopreservation on sperm quality characteristics

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 781-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Wasilewska ◽  
Ł Zasiadczyk ◽  
L Fraser ◽  
M Mogielnicka-Brzozowska ◽  
W Kordan
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Boar Semen

scholarly journals A comparative study of boar semen extenders with different proposed preservation times and their effect on semen quality and fertility

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Anastasia Karageorgiou ◽  
Georgios Tsousis ◽  
Constantin M. Boscos ◽  
Eleni D. Tzika ◽  
Panagiotis D. Tassis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Semen Collection ◽  
Chromatin Integrity ◽  
Boar Semen ◽  
Short Time

The present study compared the quality characteristics of boar semen diluted with three extenders of different proposed preservation times (short-term, medium-term and long-term). A part of extended semen was used for artificial insemination on the farm (30 sows/extender), while the remaining part was stored for three days (16–18 °C). Stored and used semen was also laboratory assessed at insemination time, on days 1 and 2 after the collection (day 0). The long-term extender was used for a short time, within 2 days from semen collection, with the aim to investigate a possible advantage over the others regarding laboratory or farm fertility indicators at the beginning of the preservation time. Viability, motility, kinetic indicators, morphology and DNA fragmentation were estimated. The results showed reduced viability, higher values for most of the kinetics, and higher immotile spermatozoa from day 1 to day 2 in all extenders; however, the long-term extender was superior compared to the other two on both days. With regard to morphology and chromatin integrity, the percentage of abnormal and fragmented spermatozoa increased on day 2 compared to day 1 for all of the extenders. However, based on the farrowing rate and the number of piglets born alive after the application of conventional artificial insemination within 2 days from semen collection/dilution, it was found that the medium-term diluents were more effective. In conclusion, it seems that the in vivo fertilization process involves more factors than simply the quality of laboratory evaluated sperm indicators, warranting further research.

scholarly journals Relevance of the Ejaculate Fraction and Dilution Method on Boar Sperm Quality during Processing and Conservation of Seminal Doses

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 292
Author(s):  
Blanca Sebastián-Abad ◽  
Pedro José Llamas-López ◽  
Francisco Alberto García-Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Resistance Test ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Sperm Viability ◽  
The Real ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Semen Collection ◽  
Transport Effect ◽  
Boar Semen ◽  
Semen Processing

During boar semen processing and distribution, maximizing the work protocols in the laboratories becomes essential for the conservation of seminal doses. One of the recent implementations in the boar studs to improve efficiency has been semi-automatic semen collection systems, which do not allow to discard fractions of the ejaculate. The objective of this work was to evaluate the dilution method and vibrations (simulating delivery transport) effect on sperm quality (motility, viability, morphology, thermo-resistance test) according to the fraction of ejaculate collected. Two different fractions of the ejaculate were obtained [rich fraction (RF); total fractions (TF)] from six boars, and two dilution methods applied [pouring the extender over the semen (control; ES); pouring the semen over the extender (reverse; SE)]. The seminal doses (2000 × 106 sperm/50 mL) were preserved for 5 days. The results showed that the fraction collected affects sperm quality (better total and progressive motility, and faster sperm in TF; p < 0.05) regardless of the dilution method applied. However, these differences diminished after submitting the semen to the thermo-resistance test, with only differences in sperm viability being observed (p < 0.05). When seminal doses were subjected to vibrations, the sperm viability was more affected in the TF than in the RF group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, using the TF ejaculate leads to comparable results to the RF in sperm quality during storage regardless of the dilution method applied. However, the vibrations of seminal doses are more affected in doses prepared with TF than with RF, although more factors should be included to approach the real conditions during transport.

scholarly journals August 2020 Interim EuGMS guidance to prepare European Long-Term Care Facilities for COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 899-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubert Blain ◽  
Yves Rolland ◽  
Jos M. G. A. Schols ◽  
Antonio Cherubini ◽  
Stéphanie Miot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
And Control

Abstract Purpose The European Geriatric Medicine Society (EuGMS) is launching a second interim guidance whose aim is to prevent the entrance and spread of COVID-19 into long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Methods The EuGMS gathered experts to propose a guide of measures to prevent COVID-19 outbreaks in LTCFs. It is based on the specific features of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in LTCFs, residents’ needs, and on experiences conducted in the field. Results Asymptomatic COVID-19 residents and staff members contribute substantially to the dissemination of COVID-19 infection in LTCFs. An infection prevention and control focal point should be set up in every LTCF for (1) supervising infection prevention and control measures aimed at keeping COVID-19 out of LTCFs, (2) RT-PCR testing of residents, staff members, and visitors with COVID-19 symptoms, even atypical, and (3) isolating subjects either infected or in contact with infected subjects. When a first LCTF resident or staff member is infected, a facility-wide RT-PCR test–retest strategy should be implemented for detecting all SARS-CoV-2 carriers. Testing should continue until no new COVID-19 cases are identified. The isolation of residents should be limited as much as possible and associated with measures aiming at limiting its negative effects on their mental and somatic health status. Conclusions An early recognition of symptoms compatible with COVID-19 may help to diagnose COVID-19 residents and staff more promptly. Subsequently, an earlier testing for SARS-CoV-2 symptomatic and asymptomatic LTCF staff and residents will enable the implementation of appropriate infection prevention and control. The negative effects of social isolation in residents should be limited as much as possible.

Effects of low-density lipoproteins extracted from different avian yolks on boar spermatozoa quality following freezing–thawing

Zygote ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
Yan-Feng Wang ◽  
Chun-Wei Wang ◽  
Shu-Hai Bu ◽  
Jian-Hong Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Boar Sperm ◽  
Boar Semen ◽  
Avian Egg

SummaryLow-density lipoproteins (LDL) is known to protect boar sperm during freezing–thawing, but little information is known about the effects of LDL extracted from different avian egg yolks on post-thaw boar semen quality. The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the effects of LDL at various concentrations and different species on boar sperm quality after freezing–thawing. LDL extracted from the yolk of hen egg, duck egg, quail egg, pigeon egg or ostrich egg was added to the extender at the concentrations of 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09 and 0.1 g/ml, respectively, and their effects on frozen–thawed boar sperm quality were assessed. According to all measured parameters, the results showed that sperm motility, acrosome integrity and plasma membrane integrity were 43.20%, 52.57% and 48.13%, respectively, after being frozen–thawed with 0.09 g/ml LDL extracted from pigeon egg yolk. All these quality parameters were higher than that of other groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, our results confirmed that LDL extracted from pigeon egg yolk had the best cryoprotective effects on frozen–thawed boar sperm among all of the groups supplemented with LDL from five kinds of avian egg in extender. The optimum concentration of LDL extracted from pigeon egg in boar semen freezing extender was 0.09 g/ml.

scholarly journals 79 EFFECT OF PRE-FREEZE ADDITION OF PLATELET-ACTIVATING FACTOR AND PLATELET-ACTIVATING FACTOR:ACETYLHYDROLASE ON THE POST-THAW INTEGRITY OF FROZEN - THAWED BOAR SPERM

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
R. Bathgate ◽  
B.M. Eriksson ◽  
W.M.C. Maxwell ◽  
G. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Large White ◽  
Boar Sperm ◽  
Thawing Process ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Boar Semen ◽  
Acrosome Integrity ◽  
And Control

The use of frozen-thawed boar sperm is not widespread, owing to reduced fertility rates and high cost per dose (Eriksson et al. 2004 Proc. Aust. Assoc. Pig Vet., 61–69). Improvements in post-thaw sperm survival are required for commercialization. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a phospholipid involved in regulating sperm function. PAF:acetylhydrolase (PAF:AH) regulates PAF activity by conversion to its inactive isoform. Both occur naturally in boar semen (Kordan et al. 2003 Pol. J. Vet. Sci. 6, 55–60). Removal of PAF and PAF:AH along with seminal plasma during the cryopreservation process may inhibit the ability of sperm to withstand the freeze-thawing process. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of PAF and PAF:AH, added to boar semen pre-freeze, on the post-thaw motility and acrosome integrity of sperm. The sperm rich fraction was collected from a mature Large White × Landrace boar, diluted with Androhep (1:2, semen:Androhep; Minitube, Verona, WI, USA), cooled to 17°C over 2 h, and then centrifuged (10 min, 800g). The sperm pellet was resuspended in cooling extender (11% (w/v) lactose solution with 20% (v/v) egg yolk; control), cooling extender plus 100 ng/mL PAF (PAF), or cooling extender plus 0.4% (v/v) PAF:AH (Pafase; ICOS Corporation, Seattle, Washington, USA), and cooled to 5°C over 2.5 h. Sperm were further diluted with cooling extender plus 9% (v/v) glycerol and 1.5% (v/v) Equex STM (freezing extender), loaded into 0.5-mL straws, and frozen. Straws were thawed (20 s, 42°C) and the motility and acrosome integrity (FITC-PNA; Mortimer etal. 1990 Hum. Reprod. 5, 99–103) assessed at 0, 3, and 6 h post-thaw after incubation at 37°C. Data from three replicates were analyzed by ANOVA and a Tukey test applied where significant differences were found. Post-thaw motility (0 and 3 h) was higher for PAF (60.0 ± 0.0% and 25.0 ± 2.9%) than for control (41.7 ± 1.7% and 10.0 ± 2.9%; P < 0.05), but was similar for Pafase (41.7 ± 1.7% and 16.7 ± 1.7%; P > 0.05). By 6 h post-thaw, motility was similar for PAF (1.7 ± 1.7%), Pafase (6.7 ± 6.8%), and control (1.7 ± 1.7%, all respectively; P > 0.05). Acrosome integrity was higher at 0, 3 and 6 h post-thaw for Pafase (55.7 ± 3.2%, 45.7 ± 3.7% and 23.0 ± 3.1%) than for control (42.7 ± 1.5%, 25.7 ± 5.7% and 12.3 ± 2.7%) and PAF (33.0 ± 3.7%, 26.3 ± 2.2% and 11.7 ± 0.3%, all respectively; P < 0.05), but was similar between control and PAF (P > 0.05). Supplementation of cooling extender with 100 ng/mL PAF increased initial post-thaw motility, but this benefit was lost after 6 h post-thaw. Pafase in the cooling extender improved the proportion of intact acrosomes, even after 6 h post-thaw. In vitro studies investigating the interaction between Pafase-treated frozen-thawed sperm and oviducal epithelial cells would be of interest to further establish the potential benefits of pre-freeze addition of Pafase on the fertilizing potential of frozen-thawed boar sperm.

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