scholarly journals Specialized (niche) tourism: development of the concept in Ukrainian and foreign academic literature

2018 ◽  
pp. 170-182
Author(s):  
Roman Lozynskyy ◽  
Iryna Kuchynska
Keyword(s):  
Special Interest ◽  
English Language ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Market Segments ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Former Ussr

The term “specialized tourism” has been widely used in Ukrainian academic literature for the last few decades. The analysis of main publications reveals that this term refers to different types of tourism, which are usually known as “niche tourism” in foreign literature. Another term “special interest tourism” or SIT sounds very similar, but in fact, it has a bit different and narrower meaning. Such a difference in terms between Ukrainian and English-language publications is caused by differences in economic systems of so-called “capitalist” and “socialist” countries in the past. The term “niche tourism” comes from the concept of “niche market”, which appeared in the western economic literature under conditions of market economy. Instead, in the former USSR, in terms of a command economy, the concept of “specialization” was more popular, so the term “specialized tourism” appeared. Due to the analysis of the development of the concept of specialized (niche) tourism in domestic and foreign academic literature we got the possibility to clarify its contemporary content. Specialized (niche) tourism is a set of different types of tourism, targeted at clearly defined and relatively stable groups of tourists forming market segments (microniches), quite narrow but sufficient for the creation of individual tourist products. Niches can be separated based on different criteria such as the purpose of travelling, special needs of tourists or special features of tourism destinations. The most important features of specialized (niche) tourism are as follows: well-defined and relatively stable target group of tourists; market segmentation based on aforementioned criteria; products targeted at narrow market segments (micronishes) and tailored to the specific requirements of tourists; niche size sufficient for the creation of individual tourist products. Key words: tourism, types of tourism, specialized tourism, niche tourism, special interest tourism, tourist product.

scholarly journals ENGLISH PERFECT IN COGNITION OF SLOVAK ISCED3 LEARNERS OF ENGLISH – PRELIMINARY EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Hlava
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Proficiency Test ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Procedural Knowledge ◽  
Language Instruction ◽  
Declarative Knowledge ◽  
Present Perfect ◽  
The Past ◽  
English Language Instruction ◽  
Different Types

In English language instruction in Slovakia, a strong preference for declarative knowledge at the expense of procedural knowledge development has been reported over the last two decades. However, the cognitive aspects of language attainment predict no impact of instructional efforts, since mental representations of language to be attained are told to be supported by different cognitive systems than associative learning develops. Language variation materializes differences among languages based on differences in digitalizing the experience and thus understanding the world. For Slovak learners, the English present perfect is one such anomaly in categorization. This paper aims to answer what the specific interactions between past simple and present perfect are and how the predicted cognitive aspects of language attainment influence the use of different types of knowledge. A proficiency test focusing on declarative knowledge and language use without context and in context was distributed to 600 Slovak learners of English at the ISCED3a level. In Past simple conditions, students proved highly proficiency in all 3 types of tasks. In present perfect conditions, declarative knowledge strongly dominated over language use in context. In Present perfect conditions, substitutions by past simple were significantly more frequent than substitutions of present perfect by past simple. Cognitive funneling was recognized as a process inhibiting fast proceduralization of the English present perfect compared to fast and reliable proceduralization of the past simple.

Business travel: a perspective paper

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-116
Author(s):  
Berendien Lubbe
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Business Travel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Future ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief perspective on the growth of business travel over the past 60 years and how it may unfold in the future, highlighting certain themes and noting limitations in the research. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on selected academic literature and industry sources on business travel which briefly reviews its growth and directions of research in this field. Practical implications The paper distinguishes between different types of business travel and provides a bird's eye view of the future. Originality/value The review distinguishes between different forms of business travel and concludes that greater clarity of the business travel concept will enable research to be conducted within a properly defined theoretical framework.

Religious Tourism in South Africa

2018 ◽  
pp. 104-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Unathi Sonwabile Henama ◽  
Portia Pearl Siyanda Sifolo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Baptist Church ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Religious Tourism ◽  
Domestic Tourism ◽  
Geographical Dispersion ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
Robben Island

The growth of tourism in South Africa after the end of apartheid can be associated with the growth of various forms of special interest tourism. Religious tourism as a form of special interest tourism is possibly the most important contributor of tourism geographical dispersion in South Africa. South Africa's religious tourism is dominated by Christian religious pilgrimage. Religious pilgrimages produce positive spin off for many destinations in South Africa, which may not be regarded as traditional tourism destinations. Religious-linked domestic travel continues to dominate domestic tourism expenditure. The existence of several African Initiated Churches such as the Zion Christian Church and the Nazareth Baptist Church attract several million worshippers during their religious pilgrimages, attracting worshippers beyond South Africa. Robben Island, which is a shrine for the anti-apartheid struggle, has a glorious Muslim resistance history, which is yet to be exploited by the Robben Island Museum. This chapter adds to the academic literature on religious tourism.

scholarly journals Fragmentation of Modern Artistic Narrative (English-Language Prose)

2021 ◽  
pp. 225-239
Author(s):  
G. I. Lushnikova ◽  
T. Yu. Osadchaya
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Modern Literature ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Different Types ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Specific Material ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels

 The question of the role, forms and functions of fragmentation of modern artistic narra tive is considered. The results of the analy sis of the fragmentary narrative of the works of contemporary  English-speaking  authors (J.   Barnes,   D.   Mitchell,   M. Cunningham, I. Banks, J. Franzen, S. Faulks, J. Eugenides, A. Smith, J. McGregor and others) are presented. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that in the modern literature of the postmodernist direction, nonlinearity of narration, deliberate mixing of temporal, local, descriptive and other layers are becoming widespread, practically becoming the norm. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that the fragmentation of a literary text is studied at different levels — compositional, content-thematic, plot, ideological-figurative, genre, narrative, chronotopic. It has been proved that the forms of implementation of fragmentariness are quite diverse: irregular division of the text, heterogeneity of themes and ideas, lack of linear development of the plot, combination of elements of different genres, the presence of internal polystylism, the use of different types of narration and narrator, violation of the unity of the chronotope. The analysis of specific material showed that the functions of a fragmentary narrative are determined by each specific context, the leading ones being the impact on the reader, the management of his attention, the placement of accents according to the writer's intention, the creation of the impression of authenticity and reliability.

scholarly journals Establishing Disciplinary English in the Curriculum for English Majors in Chinese Tertiary Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 575
Author(s):  
Zhongqing He
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
English For Academic Purposes ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
Different Types ◽  
English Majors ◽  
English Major ◽  
University Level

Despite several reforms in English language teaching (ELT) for English majors at university level in China over the past decades, few studies have paid attention to how the curriculum for English majors needs modifying. The article calls for the establishment of disciplinary English as an important component in the English major curriculum in Chinese tertiary education. Focusing specifically on the development of ELT for English majors, this article discusses how disciplinary English might help solve literacy problems faced by English majors and clarifies the need for disciplinary English and its position in the English major curriculum. Disciplinary English is the research and teaching of English used in disciplines in higher education context and it can be further classified in line with different types of disciplines and fields of practice. Disciplinary English is related to English for academic purposes (EAP) and disciplinary literacy in six aspects: context, students, nature, syllabus, aim, and focus. The establishment of disciplinary English in the English major curriculum has important implications for the future development of ELT for English majors in China.

Study of the Molecular Architecture of Keratin Filaments by Electron Microscopy

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 118-119
Author(s):  
U. Aebi ◽  
P. Rew ◽  
T.-T. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Molecular Architecture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Keratin Filaments ◽  
Different Types ◽  
10 Nm Filaments ◽  
Different Cell Types

Various types of intermediate-sized (10-nm) filaments have been found and described in many different cell types during the past few years. Despite the differences in the chemical composition among the different types of filaments, they all yield common structural features: they are usually up to several microns long and have a diameter of 7 to 10 nm; there is evidence that they are made of several 2 to 3.5 nm wide protofilaments which are helically wound around each other; the secondary structure of the polypeptides constituting the filaments is rich in ∞-helix. However a detailed description of their structural organization is lacking to date.

“Where is Dementia?” A Systematic Literature Review Exploring Neuroanatomical Aspects of Dementia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (15) ◽  
pp. 9-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chorong Oh ◽  
Leonard LaPointe
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral Symptoms ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Precise Diagnosis ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Language Literature

Dementia is a condition caused by and associated with separate physical changes in the brain. The signs and symptoms of dementia are very similar across the diverse types, and it is difficult to diagnose the category by behavioral symptoms alone. Diagnostic criteria have relied on a constellation of signs and symptoms, but it is critical to understand the neuroanatomical differences among the dementias for a more precise diagnosis and subsequent management. With this regard, this review aims to explore the neuroanatomical aspects of dementia to better understand the nature of distinctive subtypes, signs, and symptoms. This is a review of English language literature published from 1996 to the present day of peer-reviewed academic and medical journal articles that report on older people with dementia. This review examines typical neuroanatomical aspects of dementia and reinforces the importance of a thorough understanding of the neuroanatomical characteristics of the different types of dementia and the differential diagnosis of them.

World Economy: Prospects and Barriers for Recovery

2012 ◽  
pp. 61-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ershov
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Western World ◽  
Short Time Period ◽  
Market Segments ◽  
Junk Bonds ◽  
The Past ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Us ◽  
Global Liquidity ◽  
Short Time

According to the latest forecasts, it will take 10 years for the world economy to get back to “decent shape”. Some more critical estimates suggest that the whole western world will have a “colossal mess” within the next 5–10 years. Regulators of some major countries significantly and over a short time‑period changed their forecasts for the worse which means that uncertainty in the outlook for the future persists. Indeed, the intensive anti‑crisis measures have reduced the severity of the past problems, however the problems themselves have not disappeared. Moreover, some of them have become more intense — the eurocrisis, excessive debts, global liquidity glut against the backdrop of its deficit in some of market segments. As was the case prior to the crisis, derivatives and high‑risk operations with “junk” bonds grow; budget problems — “fiscal cliff” in the US — and other problems worsen. All of the above forces the regulators to take unprecedented (in their scope and nature) steps. Will they be able to tackle the problems which emerge?

An historical analysis of species references in American English

Corpora ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-349
Author(s):  
Craig Frayne
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Sentiment Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Use ◽  
American English ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Corpus Studies ◽  
Google Books

This study uses the two largest available American English language corpora, Google Books and the Corpus of Historical American English (coha), to investigate relations between ecology and language. The paper introduces ecolinguistics as a promising theme for corpus research. While some previous ecolinguistic research has used corpus approaches, there is a case to be made for quantitative methods that draw on larger datasets. Building on other corpus studies that have made connections between language use and environmental change, this paper investigates whether linguistic references to other species have changed in the past two centuries and, if so, how. The methodology consists of two main parts: an examination of the frequency of common names of species followed by aspect-level sentiment analysis of concordance lines. Results point to both opportunities and challenges associated with applying corpus methods to ecolinguistc research.

Proving God's Existence? A Reassessment of al-Rāzī’s Arguments for the Existence of the Creator

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah C. Erlwein
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Theology ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Theological Thought ◽  
Thematic Context

Arguments for God's existence, it has often been argued in the secondary academic literature, form an essential part of classical Islamic theology (ʿilm al-kalām) and philosophy (falsafa). In the past decades, numerous scholars have dealt with what could be termed the Islamic discourse on arguments for God's existence, and have commonly analysed these arguments making recourse to Immanuel Kant's (1724–1804) categorisation of such arguments as cosmological, teleological, or ontological. The great Ashʿarī theologian Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī (d. 606/1210) is, unsurprisingly, seen as no exception to this: he, too, has been regarded as a participant in the aforementioned discourse, and in several of his major kalām works he introduces four methods to ‘prove the existence of the creator’. In this article, I will, however, argue that al-Rāzī had no concern for proving God's existence; the arguments in his kalām works, which, in the secondary academic literature, have been described as seeking to prove that God exists, it shall be suggested, serve a different purpose. This shall become clear when al-Rāzī’s commentary on the Qur'an, al-Tafsīr al-kabīr, is taken into account. Previous studies of al-Rāzī’s (alleged) arguments for God's existence have only focused on his kalām works proper, however, in the Tafsīr al-Rāzī not only presents the very same four kalām methods to ‘prove the existence of the creator’ and stresses that they originate in Qur'anic forms of argumentation, but he also places them in a thematic context which, in his theological works, is oftentimes lacking. This article therefore clarifies the objective underlying al-Rāzī’s arguments for the existence of the creator and explains their significance in his broader theological thought.

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