scholarly journals Relationship between the developmental rate and individual vitality in populations of rare plant species in the high-mountains of the Ukrainian Carpathians

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-15
Author(s):  
V. Kyyak ◽  
◽  
V. Shtupun ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Ecosystem Engineer ◽  
Vegetative Reproduction ◽  
Developmental Rate ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Gradual Change ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
The Individual

The article presents an overview of long-term research and numerous publications on the relationship between developmental rate and individual vitality in populations of rare and endemic plant species in the high-mountain zone of the Ukrainian Carpathians: a case study on Ranunculus thora, Primula halleri, Leontopodium alpinum, Gentiana acaulis, Doronicum clusii, Saussurea alpina, Oreochloa disticha, Pulsatilla alba, Rhododendron myrtifolium, Senecio сarpathicus, Festuca carpatica, Heracleum carpaticum, Phyteuma vagneri etc. Stationary in-situ research was conducted at the study sites founded 5–30 years ago. The greatest impact on the individual and population vitality is caused by the position changes in coenosis of the species of different life forms and strategies. Increasing of the shrub positions accelerates the decreasing of vitality of low shrubs and grasses especially, and vice versa, increasing of the coenotic position of high-growing shrubs and grasses cau­ses the vitality decrease of short-growing heliophytes, including most of the rare species. The individual vitality and population viability determines some influence on the dynamics of their seasonal development. The individual development is faster at higher vitality level. It results in the relatively earlier beginning of phenophases. In the coenoses where the value of population as ecosystem engineer is higher, the accelerated dynamics of pre-flowering phases and longer flowering period is observed. The individual vitality and relative age of vegetatively active species increase significantly under the developmental conditions without vegetative reproduction. The vitality of vegetative diaspores significantly change due to the effect of autonomous development of shoots and ramets in comparison to the original vitality of maternal individuals. The effect of inertia of individual and population vitality consists in the gradual change of their vitality under the changeable conditions of their existence. Only drastic adverse exogenous effects can cause a sudden decrease of their vitality. Processes of the transition of low vitality individuals to the high rank are the slowest ones.

scholarly journals Ontogeny of Lobelia dortmanna genets in lake ecosystems

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Lapirov ◽  
E. A. Belyakov ◽  
O. A. Lebedeva
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Reproduction ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Main Shoot ◽  
Tver Oblast ◽  
Lake Ecosystems ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Seed Propagation ◽  
Further Development

Lobelia dortmanna L. is one of the few rare, slowly growing relic plants occupying areas of the littoral zone of water bodies with low nutrient content and subject to wave action. Even in such difficult conditions, this plant successfully passes its entire life cycle, actively blossoms and fruits. That is why the peculiar features of the individual development of this plant in various geographical conditions is a matter of great interest. For the first time, this study considers in detail the ontogeny of the genet of L. dortmanna in oligotrophic lakes of Tver oblast. Detailed characteristics of the following age stages of individuals are given: resting seeds, seedlings, juvenile, young and adult vegetative, latent generative, middle-aged and old generative and quasisenile plants. It is shown that the transition to the juvenile age stage occurs at the end of the first year of life, the virginile age stage lasts two years, and the generative stage of development occurs in the fourth year of life. The change in the growth pattern of the rosette main shoot of Lobelia, from orthotropic to anisotropic, occurs in the second year of life. The establishment and further development of the generative organs of the plant and associated change in the growth of the main shoot from monopodial to simpodial occurs in the fourth year of life. At the same time, the branching of the main shoot begins by formation in the axils of the uppermost assimilating leaves (the last in front of the apical inflorescence) – 1–2 lateral rosette shoots. These are future ramets (vegetative diasporas), which ensure, in the future, the vegetative reproduction of the individual and spread to new territories. Taking into account that in lakes of Tver oblast, Lobelia groupings form dense aggregated clusters on the bottom, the transition of individuals to a quasisenile age state (in the fifth year of life) enables them to rejuvenate and survive after the death of the maternal shoot. The formation and further development of rosette lateral shoots allows the plant to re-occupy the territory via vegetative or seed propagation. Complete morphological disintegration (vegetative reproduction) occurs in the fifth year of life. The genets’ ontogeny is completed by the formation of a compact clone from the detached lateral rosette shoots.

scholarly journals Mauritian coloured nectar no longer a mystery: a visual signal for lizard pollinators

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis M Hansen ◽  
Karin Beer ◽  
Christine B Müller
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Visual Signal ◽  
Honest Signal ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Floral Trait ◽  
Flower Visitation ◽  
Artificial Flowers ◽  
Endemic Plant Species

Most floral nectars are clear as water, and the enigmatic coloured nectar in three endemic plant species in Mauritius has puzzled scientists studying it. One hypothesis about the possible ecological function of coloured nectar is that it serves as a visual signal for pollinators. Recent studies have shown that at least two of the three Mauritian plant species with coloured nectar are visited and pollinated by endemic Phelsuma geckos. We here provide experimental evidence for the visual signal hypothesis by showing that Phelsuma ornata geckos prefer coloured over clear nectar in artificial flowers. In flowering plants, coloured nectar could additionally function as an honest signal that allows pollinators to assert the presence and judge the size of a reward prior to flower visitation, and to adjust their behaviour accordingly, leading to increased pollinator efficiency. Our study provides a first step in understanding this rare and intriguing floral trait.

scholarly journals Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids and Fatty Acids from the Endemic Plant Species Rindera umbellata and the Effect of Lindelofine-N-oxide on Tubulin Polymerization

Molecules ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 10694-10706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Mandić ◽  
Milena Simić ◽  
Ivan Vučković ◽  
Ljubodrag Vujisić ◽  
Miroslav Novaković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids ◽  
Tubulin Polymerization ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Endemic Plant Species

scholarly journals Learning support pedagogy for children who struggle to develop the concepts underlying the operations of addition and subtraction of numbers: the ‘Calculia’ programme

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemarie Fritz-Stratmann ◽  
Antje Ehlert ◽  
Gabriele Klüsener
Keyword(s):  
Student Teachers ◽  
Conceptual Development ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Learning Support ◽  
Remediation Strategies ◽  
Teaching Unit ◽  
Addition And Subtraction ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Mathematical Operations

This paper argues for teaching pre-service teachers about remediation strategies for learners who encounter problems in mathematics in the early grades. The premise is that all teachers should be equipped with theory-based practical knowledge to support learning. A few teaching sessions to develop the concepts that underlie the mathematical operations of addition and subtraction are introduced in this paper. An empirically validated, comprehensive model of cumulative arithmetic competence development from the ages of four to eight years forms the basis for the construction of the suggested teaching unit. The model distinguishes five competence levels of arithmetical conceptual development, and proposes that concepts build on one another hierarchically. A ‘part plus part is equivalent to whole’ model was constructed based on this hierarchical structure and the understanding that the concept of addition is a dynamic process. The teaching examples include exercises for all children, not only ones who struggle. Possibilities for adapting the exercises to the individual development level of slower or faster learners are also included. All exercises are accompanied by a reflection on the procedure and strategies applied in order to support meaningful and sustainable learning and to give student teachers the opportunity to use knowledge of mathematical cognition theory during their pre-service years.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study of the use and effectiveness of the Individual Development Plan among doctoral students

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan L. Vanderford ◽  
Teresa M. Evans ◽  
L. Todd Weiss ◽  
Lindsay Bira ◽  
Jazmin Beltran-Gastelum
Keyword(s):  
Career Development ◽  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Career Planning ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Development Plan ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Individual

Background: The Individual Development Plan (IDP) was introduced as a tool to aid in career planning for doctoral trainees. Despite the National Institutes of Health and academic institutions creating policies that mandate the use of IDPs, little information exists regarding the use and effectiveness of the career planning tool. Methods: We conducted a multi-institutional, online survey to measure IDP use and effectiveness. The survey was distributed to potential respondents via social media and direct email. IDP survey questions were formatted using a five-point Likert scale (strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree and strongly disagree). For data analysis purposes, responses were grouped into two categories (agree versus does not agree/disagree). The data were summarized as one-way frequencies and the Pearson chi-square test was used to determine the statistical significance of univariate associations between the survey variables and an outcome measure of the effectiveness of the IDP. Results: Among all respondents, fifty-three percent reported that they are required to complete an IDP while thirty-three percent reported that the tool is helpful to their career development. Further, our data suggests that the IDP is most effective when doctoral students complete the tool with faculty mentors with whom they have a positive relationship. Respondents who are confident about their career plans and who take advantage of career development resources at their institution are also more likely to perceive that the IDP is useful for their career development. Conclusion: Given the nuanced use and effectiveness of the IDP, we call for additional research to characterize the overall use and effectiveness of the IDP and to determine whether there are unintended negative consequences created through the use of the tool. Furthermore, we recommend an enhancement of career development infrastructure that would include mentorship training for faculty in order to provide substantially more career planning support to trainees.

scholarly journals Mudra (shishu) – an effective scheme in startups

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-226
Author(s):  
K.C. Kavipriya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
The People ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
Small Scale Industries

Economic Development of a country depends upon the individual development; Creation of more Employment opportunities is the right way to strengthen our Economy. By way of strengthening Small scale units, ultimately more people will get Employment. More over Small scale Industries required less amount of Capital. These are the main reasons to start the scheme MUDRA. The scheme MUDRA was launched in the year 2015 by Government of India. In India most of the people are depending upon small scale businesses as their source of livelihood. Most of the individuals depend on un-organised sectors for loans and other credit facilities which have high rate of interest along with unbearable terms and conditions. Ultimately it will lead these poor people to fall in debts. This paper is an attempt to educate the readers about MUDRA Yojana.

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