Metagenomic Diversity of Gut Microbiota of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus of Pregnant Women

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is defined as a condition in which a woman without diabetes develops abnormal glucose tolerance that is first recognized during pregnancy. GDM is a significant public health problem with an incidence of 1.9 – 3.6% of all pregnancies in Indonesia. Additionally, women with GDM during pregnancy have a high risk of developing diabetes when they are not pregnant, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). One alternative variable in the management of T2D globally is gut microbiota. Here, to find out the role of gut microbiota in pregnancy, we characterized the stools of 30 pregnant women, each consisting of fifteen GDM-detected pregnant women, and healthy pregnant women using metagenomic approach with genome analysis by directly isolating genomic DNA from the microbiota ecosystem that occupies the digestive tract. DNA sequencing results were analyzed by MEGA 6 software with the BLASTn algorithm in NCBI. Thus fifteen GDM-detected showed high nucleotide sequence homology with the Proteobacteria at phylum level, and Escherichia, Orchobacterium, Cronobacter, Shigella, Salmonella, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Kosakonia, Vibrio dan Gamma-Proteobacterium at genus level compared to the healthy pregnant women which found by Firmicutes at phylum level and Ruminococcus, Clostridium, Clostridiales, Lachnospiraceae, Roseburia, Weisella, Eubacterium at genus level had a higher abundance in healthy pregnant women. In this result, we found also one of the fifteen healthy pregnant women showed differential abundance with enrichment of Prevotella species. Gut microbiota of GDM-diagnosed pregnant women has more varied composition, and dominated by the phylum Proteobacteria than in normal pregnant women.

Download Full-text

The effects of gut microbiota on metabolic outcomes in pregnant women and their offspring

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/c8fo00601f ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 4537-4547 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

You Lv ◽

Zi Yan ◽

Xue Zhao ◽

Xiaokun Gang ◽

Guangyu He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Health Issues ◽

Metabolic Outcomes

Metabolic diseases such as gestational diabetes mellitus and obesity during pregnancy have become severe health issues due to adverse pregnant outcomes in recent years.

Download Full-text

A Study on Urinary Glycated Albumin to urinary albumin excretion in gestational diabetes mellitus

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v12i2.32471 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 59-65

Author(s):

Chandramallika Paul ◽

Santanu Banerjee ◽

Satinath Mukhopadhyay ◽

Kalyan Goswami

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Urinary Albumin Excretion ◽

Glycated Albumin ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Well Being ◽

Urinary Albumin ◽

Albumin Excretion

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a public health problem in India with implications well pronounced in pregnancy and beyond. Biomarkers like Glycated Albumin (G.A.) can well monitor the glycaemic status and evaluate the transient hyperglycaemic spikes, which account for the diabetic complications. Aims and Objectives: In this study, we intend to study urinary G.A. excretion with respect to urinary albumin excretion expressed as UGA% in gestational diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted for a period of 16 months on 177 pregnant women who attended antenatal clinics for the first time at a single centre.Among the surveyed population, 26 pregnant women subsequently developed GDM, and 31 healthy pregnant women who did not develop GDM were included in the study. Results: The UGA% between GDM and healthy mothers showed an increase in GDM with a p value <0.05 during the first and second trimesters. Pearson’s correlation coefficient at 5% interval showed moderate to strong correlation for fasting plasma glucose (FBS) vs UGA% in 1st trimester(r= 0.61) and 3rd trimester(r=0.54). Conclusion: The higher UGA% in GDM mothers in the early trimester may help monitor glycaemic status efficiently and timely. Long term follows up would be worthwhile to predict future progression to nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. Henceforth, UGA being a non-invasive marker may emerge as a more patient-friendly marker reducing the hassles of innumerable invasive tests to monitor the well-being of a mother aswell as a foetus during pregnancy.

Download Full-text

The gut microbiota of non-obese Japanese pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Bioscience of Microbiota Food and Health ◽

10.12938/bmfh.2021-025 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kei TANAKA ◽

Gaku HARATA ◽

Kenji MIYAZAWA ◽

Fang HE ◽

Shinji TANIGAKI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Japanese Pregnant Women

Download Full-text

Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional com ênfase nas Gestantes de Alto Risco / Gestational Diabetes Mellitus with an emphasis on High-Risk Pregnant Women

ID on line REVISTA DE PSICOLOGIA ◽

10.14295/idonline.v15i58.3328 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (58) ◽

pp. 278-291

Author(s):

Ana Luiza Almeida da Silva ◽

Ana Paula Silveira Santos ◽

Simei Gleide Silva Matos ◽

Matheus Santos Marques

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

High Risk ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

High Risk Pregnancy ◽

Mortality Factors ◽

Risk Pregnancy

Resumo: Considerando o Diabetes Mellitus um problema de saúde pública e sendo um dos principais fatores de morbimortalidade no Brasil, torna-se relevante destacar o aumento de casos ocorridos do DMG em gestantes de alto risco. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo: investigar o perfil clínico do diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) e como o mesmo pode levar a uma gravidez de alto risco, sua associação aos fatores de riscos e suas principais complicações. Quanto à metodologia é exclusivamente de caráter bibliográfico. Foi feita uma pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica, a qual utilizou fontes de internet, onde foram aplicados critérios de inclusão e exclusão, chegando a um total de 12 artigos selecionados. A partir desses artigos, a pesquisa verificou que os fatores de riscos associados ao DMG e suas complicações, fazem correlação com a gravidez de alto risco. Assim, se faz necessário o rastreamento e monitoramento, a prevenção, o diagnóstico e tratamento do DMG tanto para a mãe quanto para o feto. Logo é fundamental a atuação do farmacêutico na equipe multidisciplinar, pois contribui desde a gestão, aquisição até a dispensação eficiente dos medicamentos auxiliando de forma a reduzir os riscos, promovendo atenção, cuidado e uma saúde de qualidade às gestantes. Palavras Chave: Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional. Gravidez de Alto Risco. Abstract: Considering Diabetes Mellitus a public health problem and one of the main morbidity and mortality factors in Brazil, it is relevant to highlight the increase in cases of GDM in high-risk pregnant women. This research aimed to: investigate the clinical profile of gestacional diabetes mellitus (GDM) and how it can lead to a high-risk pregnancy, its association with risk factors and its main complications. As for the methodology, it is exclusively bibliographic in nature. A bibliographic review research was carried out, using internet sources, where inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, reaching a total of 12 selected articles. From these articles, the research found that the risk factors associated with GDM and its complications are correlated with high-risk pregnancy. Thus, it is necessary the tracking and monitoring, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of GDM for both mother and fetus. Therefore, the role of the pharmacist in the multidisciplinary team is essential, as he contributes from the management, acquisition to the efficient dispensing of medicines, helping to reduce risks, promoting attention, care and quality health for pregnant women. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. High-risk Pregnancy.

Download Full-text

Thyroid function in pregnant women; relation to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Body Mass Index (BMI)

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.56.gp264 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

George Simeakis ◽

Evangelia Vogiatzi ◽

Panagiota Konstantakou ◽

Evangelia Zapanti ◽

Katerina Saltiki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Body Mass ◽

Thyroid Function

Download Full-text

86-LB: Elevated First-Trimester Neutrophil Count Is Associated with the Development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnant Women

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db19-86-lb ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 86-LB

Author(s):

TIANGE SUN ◽

FANHUA MENG ◽

RUI ZHANG ◽

ZHIYAN YU ◽

SHUFEI ZANG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Neutrophil Count ◽

First Trimester

Download Full-text

Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Current Diabetes Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573399816666191223111833 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. 895-899 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shahin Safian ◽

Farzaneh Esna-Ashari ◽

Shiva Borzouei

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Thyroid Dysfunction ◽

Control Group ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase ◽

Free T4 ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Experimental Group

Aims: Investigation thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Background: This article was written to evaluate the thyroid function and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti- TPO) antibodies in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Method: A total of 252 women with GDM and 252 healthy pregnant women were enrolled. Thyroid tests, including TSH, FreeT3, Free T4, and anti-TPO were performed for all women at 24–28 weeks of gestation. Data analysis was then carried out using SPSS ver. 22. Result: There was a significant difference between the experimental group (38.4%) and the control group (14.06%) in terms of the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (p= 0.016). The frequency of anti-TPO was higher in the experimental group than the control group and positive anti-TPO was observed in 18.6% of women with GDM and 10.3% of healthy pregnant women (P= 0.008). Conclusion: Thyroid disorders are observed in pregnant women with GDM more frequently than healthy individuals and it may be thus reasonable to perform thyroid tests routinely.

Download Full-text

Prevention of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Probiotics: Mechanism of Action: A Review

Current Diabetes Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573399815666190712193828 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 538-545 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Aziz Homayouni ◽

Nahal Bagheri ◽

Sakineh Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi ◽

Neda Kashani ◽

Noshin Mobaraki-Asl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Intestinal Permeability ◽

Mechanism Of Action ◽

Economic Cost ◽

Slight Reduction ◽

Future Health ◽

Keywords Probiotics

Background: : Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a health problem that is increasing around the world. Introduction:: Prevention of GDM, rather than treatment, could have several benefits in terms of both health and economic cost. Even a slight reduction in maternal glucose in non-diabetic women, particularly in women at high risk for GDM, may have significant benefits for pregnancy results and the future health of off-springs. Probiotics are a relatively new intervention, which are assessed by mothers’ metabolism, and can reduce blood sugar levels, prevent gestational diabetes and reduce the maternal and fetal complications resulting from it. The aim of this study was to review the studies on the prevention of gestational diabetes and assess the potential beneficial effects of probiotics on gestational diabetes and their possible mechanism of action. Method:: Articles compiled through clinical trials indexed in PubMed, Science Direct, Cochran, and Medlib between 2000 and 2017, with the keywords probiotics, prevention, and gestational diabetes mellitus were selected. Result:: Considering the potential of probiotics in the modulation of gut microbiota, naturalization increases intestinal permeability, regulation of pro-inflammatory mediators’ secretion and thereby controlling local and systemic inflammation results in decreasing intestinal permeability, enhancing the immune system. It likely has the ability to prevent or control diabetes during pregnancy although confirmatory studies are still needed. Conclusion:: Experimental and clinical evidence support the supposition that the modulation of the gut microbiota via probiotic microorganisms could be effective in the prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus.

Download Full-text