scholarly journals Mineralization of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur from different organic wastes in silty clay loam soils

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Amit Mishra ◽  
Narendra Kumar ◽  
Rajiv Kumar ◽  
Robin Kumar ◽  
Dinesh Tomar
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Carbon Mineralization ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Pine Needle ◽  
Press Mud ◽  
S Mineralization ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Mineralization of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and suphur was studied by incubating soil samples for 90 days at 30°C temperature with four different organic materials viz. Press mud, sugarcane trash, paper mill bagasse and pine needle. The results showed that the carbon mineralization in soil was significantly higher from sugarcane trash followed by press mud as compared to control. The cumulative percent of carbon mineralization increased with incubation period and maximum mineralization was recorded at 90 DOI (days after incubation). The maximum cumulative percent N-mineralization (16.88%) in soil was shown by paper mill bagasse followed by sugarcane trash and pine needle. The percent N-mineralization from all added organic amendments increased incubation period up to 45days of incubation DOI (days after incubation) after then it gradually declined, while the pine needles showed maximum cumulative P-mineralization in soil followed by sugarcane trash while minimum was recorded from press mud. The paper mill bagasse showed highest cumulative S-mineralization in soil followed by sugarcane trash. Irrespective of organic wastes, cumulative S-mineralization significantly increased after 15 days of incubation up to 45 days later on it showed declined trend. Among the organic wastes, sugarcane trash showed maximum Cmineralization in soil exhibited fast decomposition in comparison to other wastes. So, it can be used for composting.The paper mill bagasse showed more N and S mineralization while maximum mineralization of P was found in pine needle. The press mud and sugarcane trash showed potential for short duration enriched compost.

Carbon and nitrogen mineralization in soil amended with non-tabletized and tabletized poultry manure

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Paré ◽  
H. Dinel ◽  
M. Schnitzer
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Mineralization ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Carbon Mineralization ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Net N Mineralization ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
C And N Mineralization ◽  
C And N

The recycling of poultry (Gallus gallus domesticus) manure (PM) needs to be done in a manner that will not only improve soil physical, chemical and biological properties but also minimize environmental risks. Untreated PM is more difficult to handle and more expensive to apply than granular fertilizers; the application of PM in the form of tablets may be a suitable alternative. It is necessary to determine whether C and N mineralization in tabletized PM (T-PM) differs from non-tabletized PM (NT-PM). Net C and N mineralization from a Brandon loam soil (Typic Endoaquoll) amended with NT-PM and T-PM, were measured in an incubation study at 25 °C. After 60 d of incubation, about 62 and 77% of total PM carbon was mineralized in NT-PM and T-PM amended soils, respectively. Carbon mineralization was not stimulated by the addition of PM tablets containing NPK to soil, while in soils mixed with NT-PM + NPK, soil respiration was reduced. Net N mineralization was similar in soils amended with T-PM and NT-PM, although changes in ammonium (NH4+–N) concentrations during incubation differed. Generally more NH4+–N accumulated in soil amended with T-PM and T-PM + NPK than with NT-PM and NT-PM + NPK The concentrations of nitrate (NO3−–N) did not differ in soils amended with T-PM and NT-PM, indicating a reduction in nitrification and NH4+–N accumulation in soils amended with PM tablets. Key words: Poultry manure, tablets, carbon mineralization, nitrogen mineralization, organic fertilizer

scholarly journals Role of Organic Acids on Phosphorus Fractions in Silty Clay Loam Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Abdulmahdi S.ALansari ◽  
Muhammad M.Yassin ◽  
Mahdi W.Seheib
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Silty Clay Loam ◽  
Fertilized Soil

This study was conducted to evaluation the role of the organic acids in the phosphorus fractions in silty clay loam texture. The laboratoryexperiment was conducted by adding the organic acids (Humic acid ,Citric acid ,Oxalic acid , Malic acid ,Acetic acid and Lactic acid )to the fertilized soil with conc. super phosphate fertilizer with 100 kg h-1 level with concentrations (0,15,30,45 and60)mg L-1,except Humic acid (500,1000,1500 and 2000) mg L-1.The soil was incubated at 30 C for 14,28,42,56 and 70 days period and the keep of field capacity about of incubation period during the daily weight.Amount of available ,mineral ,organic and total phosphorus after each incubated period were measured. The results showed that theaddition of organic acids of Humic acid ,Citric acid ,Oxalic acid and Malic acid were caused to increaseamount of available ,mineral ,organic and constant of total phosphorus in fertilized soil with conc. super phosphate fertilizer and increased its amount with increasing of organic acid concentration and better of Humic acid 2000mg L-1 significanton all the treatments .The results of the study that theaddition of organic acids were caused to increase amount of available and mineral phosphorus with increasing of incubation period and constant amount of total phosphorus and decreasing of organic phosphorus amount and available for only soil and only fertilizer treatment during increasing of incubation period .The organic acids can be arranged according to its ability toincrease the availabilityof the phosphorus as follow :

Carbon mineralization from organic wastes at different composting stages during their incubation with soil

1998 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.P. Bernal ◽  
M.A. Sánchez-Monedero ◽  
C. Paredes ◽  
A. Roig
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Mineralization ◽  
Organic Wastes

Disposal of Mixed-Organic Wastes by Continuous High-Temperature Composting

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 1984-1988
Author(s):  
Feng Wu Zhao ◽  
Jian Ping Liang ◽  
Gui Rong Wang ◽  
Xiao Ming Li
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Paenibacillus Polymyxa ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The present investigation was conducted to degrade mixed-organic wastes using composting with the optimal parameters of pH, temperature, the ratio of carbon and nitrogen (C/N), moisture and oxygen contents. All these procedures can be carried out within a period of 30 days. After composting, we recorded decreases in total heavy metal contents and ascarid-egg mortality, significant increases of the humus, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents and the microorganism numbers in the compost. Furthermore, 6 strains of thermophilic bacterial were isolated from the produced compost. On the basis of their small-subunit ribosomal RNA-encoding DNA (rDNA) sequences and in comparison with authentic strains, the 6 strains were identified as belonging to Paenibacillus polymyxa and Bacillus species and thereby concluded to be the dominant microflora in the composting process.

Experiences with the utilization of wastes in nursery potting mixes and as field soil amendments

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin Chong
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Mushroom Compost ◽  
Paper Mill Sludge ◽  
Conducting Research

The nursery/landscape industry has been one of the fastest growing agricultural sectors in Canada. Since 1980s, the Ornamental Nursery Research Program at the Horticultural Research Institute of Ontario (HRIO) has been conducting research which focuses on environmentally friendly production practices. Emphasis is on the use of composted or uncomposted organic wastes as amendments in container potting mixes. Various projects have evaluated mixes derived from wastes such as spent mushroom compost, paper mill sludge, apple pomace, and various types of barks. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the scope of the research expanded to include composting and a wider assortment of wastes such as waxed corrugated cardboard, municipal solid waste compost, wood chips from pallets and furniture and demolition wastes, food wastes, and organic fertilizers manufactured from meat by-products, and selected industrial wastes. Presently, paper mill sludge is being evaluated as field soil amendment for growing nursery shade trees and also for use in rehabilitating marginal, non-agricultural land. Key words: Waste recycling, land rehabilitation, composts, organic wastes, container culture, shade tree culture, ornamentals, nutrition

scholarly journals Soil Fertility and Leaf Nutrient Status of Mango Orchard Sites

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
Sk Musfiq Us Salehin ◽  
Gazi Md Mohsin ◽  
Tabassum Ferdous ◽  
Jobaed Ragib Zaman ◽  
Md Jashim Uddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Leaf Sample ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Total N ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Twenty soil and leaf samples from 20 orchards of mango (Mangifera indica L.) were collected from different locations of Rajshahi and Satkhira regions to evaluate soil texture, pH, organic matter, available and total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur of soils and the concentration of N and K in mango leaves. The pH of the soil varied from 6.3 - 7.9 and organic matter content varied from 0.72 - 3.60 per cent. The available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur of the soils ranged from 190 - 510, 39 - 196, 36 - 206 and 25 - 235 mg/kg, respectively. The values of total N, P, K and S were 0.03 - 0.12, 0.022 - 0.210, 0.235 - 0.0.936 and 0.005 - 0.266 per cent, respectively. The dominant soil textural class was silty clay loam. The mean concentration of nitrogen (0.88%) and potassium (0.61%) in the leaf sample was low. The overall fertility status of the soils of Rajshahi and Satkhira regions in relation to mango cultivation is moderate. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 29(2): 155-163, 2020 (July)

Commissioning of a biogas pilot plant: From brown grease to paper mill-generated organic wastes

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
RICARDO B. SANTOS ◽  
PETER W. HART ◽  
GARY W. COLSON ◽  
SIMON EVERS ◽  
DENNIS EVERS
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Technical Approach ◽  
Engineering Data ◽  
Brown Grease

The MeadWestvaco mill in Evadale, TX, USA, in conjunction with VOW Resources LLC, has constructed and commissioned a green biogas skid-mounted pilot plant to evaluate the potential of various organic waste streams to produce high-quality biogas. It is the fourth plant in the world incorporating this technical approach to biogas production. At initial startup, the plant used cow manure as organic feedstock. To commission the plant for verifying the VOW bioaugmentation process, the transition was made to using brown grease. After the brown grease commissioning trials are completed, the plant will be transitioned to a number of paper mill-generated organic wastes to acquire the design parameters and engineering data that will aid in construction of a full-scale biogas facility.

scholarly journals Net soil–atmosphere fluxes mask patterns in gross production and consumption of nitrous oxide and methane in a managed ecosystem

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 19167-19197
Author(s):  
W. H. Yang ◽  
W. L. Silver
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Carbon Mineralization ◽  
Net N Mineralization ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
N2o Production ◽  
Ch4 Production ◽  
Soil Atmosphere ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship ◽  
Production And Consumption

Abstract. Nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) are potent greenhouse gases that are both produced and consumed in soil. Production and consumption of these gases are driven by different processes, making it difficult to infer their controls when measuring only net fluxes. We used the trace gas pool dilution technique to simultaneously measure gross fluxes of N2O and CH4 throughout the growing season in a cornfield in northern California, USA. Net N2O fluxes ranged from 0–4.5 mg N m−2 d−1 with the N2O yield averaging 0.68 ± 0.02. Gross N2O production was best predicted by net nitrogen (N) mineralization, soil moisture, and soil temperature (R2 = 0.60, n = 39, p < 0.001). Gross N2O reduction was correlated with the combination of gross N2O production rates, net N mineralization rates, and CO2 emissions (R2 = 0.74, n = 39, p < 0.001). Overall, net CH4 fluxes averaged −0.03 ± 0.02 mg C m−2 d−1. The methanogenic fraction of carbon mineralization ranged from 0 to 0.27 % and explained 40 % of the variability in gross CH4 production rates (n = 37, p < 0.001). Gross CH4 oxidation exhibited a strong positive relationship with gross CH4 production rates (R2 = 0.67, n = 37, p < 0.001), which reached as high as 5.4 mg C m−2 d−1. Our study is the first to demonstrate the simultaneous in situ measurement of gross N2O and CH4 fluxes, and results highlight that net soil–atmosphere fluxes can mask significant gross production and consumption of these trace gases.

scholarly journals The influence of hexazinone on carbon dioxide evolution and mineralization of nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur in a forest soil

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Maynard
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Organic Layer ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Evolution ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
S Mineralization ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Root And Shoot Biomass

The effect of hexazinone (applied as Velpar L.) on carbon dioxide (CO2) evolution, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) mineralization in a surface organic layer (L–H horizons) of a forest soil was followed during a 150-d laboratory incubation. Hexazinone was applied at recommended field rates equivalent to 2 and 4 kg a.i. ha−1 and at a higher rate, 8 kg a.i. ha−1. A bioassay determined that hexazinone at 4 and 8 kg a.i. ha−1 affected the root and shoot biomass of oats for up to 63 d after application. Hexazinone had no effect on CO2 evolution, ammonification, nitrification or net S mineralization in the L–H horizons. An increase in extractable P was found in the hexazinone-treated soils at the end of the incubation. Hexazinone applied at recommended field rates of 2 and 4 kg a.i. ha−1 would have little direct impact on nutrient-cycling processes in the L–H horizons of mixed-wood cutovers. Key words: Hexazinone, carbon dioxide evolution, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, forest soils

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