The impact of paternalistic leadership behaviour on organizational trust among healthcare professionals

Abstract Purpose The purpose of the present cross-sectional study is to investigate the role of perceived COVID-19-related organizational demands and threats in predicting emotional exhaustion, and the role of organizational support in reducing the negative influence of perceived COVID-19 work-related stressors on burnout. Moreover, the present study aims to add to the understanding of the role of personal resources in the Job Demands-Resources model (JD-R) by examining whether personal resources—such as the professionals’ orientation towards patient engagement—may also strengthen the impact of job resources and mitigate the impact of job demands. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 532 healthcare professionals working during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. It adopted the Job-Demands-Resource Model to study the determinants of professional’s burnout. An integrative model describing how increasing job demands experienced by this specific population are related to burnout and in particular to emotional exhaustion symptoms was developed. Results The results of the logistic regression models provided strong support for the proposed model, as both Job Demands and Resources are significant predictors (OR = 2.359 and 0.563 respectively, with p < 0.001). Moreover, healthcare professionals’ orientation towards patient engagement appears as a significant moderator of this relationship, as it reduces Demands’ effect (OR = 1.188) and increases Resources’ effect (OR = 0.501). Conclusions These findings integrate previous findings on the JD-R Model and suggest the relevance of personal resources and of relational factors in affecting professionals’ experience of burnout.

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Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the oncologic care continuum: urgent need to restore patients care to pre-COVID-19 era

Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice ◽

10.1017/s1460396921000303 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Ernest Osei ◽

Ruth Francis ◽

Ayan Mohamed ◽

Lyba Sheraz ◽

Fariba Soltani-Mayvan

Keyword(s):

Cancer Care ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Negative Impact ◽

System Level ◽

Care Continuum ◽

Cancer Services ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Prevention Programmes ◽

Screening And Prevention ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background: Globally, cancer is the second leading cause of death, and it is estimated that over 18·1 million new cases are diagnosed annually. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted almost every aspect of the provision and management of cancer care worldwide. The time-critical nature of COVID-19 diagnosis and the large number of patients requiring hospitalisation necessitated the rerouting of already limited resources available for cancer services and programmes to the care of COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, the stringent social distancing, restricted in-hospital visits and lockdown measures instituted by various governments resulted in the disruption of the oncologic continuum including screening, diagnostic and prevention programmes, treatments and follow-up services as well as research and clinical trial programmes. Materials and Methods: We searched several databases from October 2020 to January 2021 for relevant studies published in English between 2020 and 2021 and reporting on the impact of COVID-19 on the cancer care continuum. This narrative review paper describes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cancer patient care continuum from screening and prevention to treatments and ongoing management of patients. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted cancer care and the management of cancer services and patients. Nevertheless, the oncology healthcare communities worldwide have done phenomenal work with joint and collaborative efforts, utilising best available evidence-based guidelines to continue to give safe and effective treatments for cancer patients while maintaining the safety of patients, healthcare professionals and the general population. Nevertheless, several healthcare centres are now faced with significant challenges with the management of the backlog of screening, diagnosis and treatment cases. It is imperative that governments, leaders of healthcare centres and healthcare professionals take all necessary actions and policies focused on minimising further system-level delays to cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment initiation and clearing of all backlogs cases from the COVID-19 pandemic in order to mitigate the negative impact on cancer outcomes.

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Telephone-based consultation in an acute eye clinic service: A patient satisfaction survey

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/11206721211030774 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 112067212110307

Author(s):

Julia Sieberer ◽

Patrick Hughes ◽

Indy Sian

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Medical Specialties ◽

New Approach ◽

High Satisfaction ◽

Negative Comments ◽

Patient Responses ◽

Set Up ◽

Strongly Agree ◽

The Impact ◽

Park Hospital

Objectives: The coronavirus pandemic has forced healthcare staff across all medical specialties to adapt new and different ways of working. A new approach has been set up in the Acute Referral Clinic (ARC) at Musgrove Park Hospital and a survey has been conducted to measure the impact of the new method on patient and healthcare professionals’ satisfaction with the new service. Methods: A telephone-based consultation was introduced in ARC at Musgrove Park Hospital in March 2020 and patients were instructed to fill out a questionnaire containing eight items using a Likert Scale 1 (‘very poor/disagree’) to 4 (‘very good/strongly agree’) plus two boxes for open positive and negative comments respectively. Likewise a questionnaire was designed in order to assess the healthcare professionals’ satisfaction using the new approach. Data collection took place over a two month period between the end of March 2020 and end of May 2020. The data underwent quality control and was analysed using descriptive statistics. Results: Patient responses illustrated high satisfaction scores with an overall rating of very good (89.4%). The healthcare professionals’ rating of the service was good (28.6% – ‘very good/strongly agree’, 57.1% – ‘good/agree’). The safety rating of the new approach was overall rated ‘very good’ with 90.4% and 71.4% of patients and healthcare professionals respectively. Conclusions: The telephone consultations introduced in the wake of COVID-19 are well accepted by both patients and doctors. There are some limitations of the approach, foremost being consultation time and clinic space but these do not outweigh the general benefit of this format amidst a pandemic setting.

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Stress, Burnout, and Resilience among Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Emergency: The Role of Defense Mechanisms

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18105258 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 5258

Author(s):

Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe ◽

Gianni Nepa ◽

Tracy A. Prout ◽

Fabrizio Albertini ◽

Stefano Marcelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Workers ◽

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Online Survey ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Well Being ◽

Personal Accomplishment ◽

Traumatic Experience ◽

Psychological Resources ◽

Defensive Functioning ◽

The Impact

The experience of working on the frontlines of the COVID-19 healthcare crisis has presented a cumulative traumatic experience that affects healthcare professionals’ well-being. Psychological resources such as resilience and adaptive defense mechanisms are essential in protecting individuals from severe stress and burnout. During September 2020, 233 healthcare workers responded to an online survey to test the impact of demographic variables, COVID-19 exposure, and psychological resources in determining stress and burnout during the COVID-19 emergency. Frontline workers reported higher scores for stress, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization (p < 0.001) as compared to colleagues working in units not directly serving patients with COVID-19. Mature defensive functioning was associated with resilience and personal accomplishment (r = 0.320; p < 0.001), while neurotic and immature defenses were related to perceived stress and burnout. Stress and burnout were predicted by lower age, female gender, greater exposure to COVID-19, lower resilience, and immature defensive functioning among healthcare professionals (R2 = 463; p < 0.001). Working on the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic appears to provoke greater stress and burnout. On the other hand, resilience and adaptive defense mechanisms predicted better adjustment. Future reaction plans should promote effective programs offering support for healthcare workers who provide direct care to patients with COVID-19.

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The use of text mining to detect key shifts in Japanese first-year medical student professional identity formation through early exposure to non-healthcare hospital staff

BMC Medical Education ◽

10.1186/s12909-021-02818-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yayoi Shikama ◽

Yasuko Chiba ◽

Megumi Yasuda ◽

Maham Stanyon ◽

Koji Otani

Keyword(s):

Text Mining ◽

Professional Identity ◽

Identity Formation ◽

Role Models ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Clinical Work ◽

Working Environment ◽

First Year ◽

Professional Identity Formation ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Professional identity formation is nurtured through socialization, driven by interaction with role models, and supported through early clinical exposure (ECE) programmes. Non-healthcare professionals form part of the hospital community but are external to the culture of medicine, with their potential as role models unexplored. We employed text mining of student reflective assignments to explore the impact of socialization with non-healthcare professionals during ECE. Methods Assignments from 259 first-year medical students at Fukushima Medical University, Japan, underwent hierarchical cluster analysis. Interrelationships between the most-frequently-occurring words were analysed to create coding rules, which were applied to elucidate underlying themes. Results A shift in terms describing professional characteristics was detected, from “knowledge/skill” towards “pride [in one’s work]” and “responsibility”. Seven themes emerged: contribution of non-healthcare professionals, diversity of occupation, pride, responsibility, teamwork, patient care and gratitude. Students mentioning ‘contribution of non-healthcare professionals’ spoke of altruistic dedication and strong sense of purpose. These students expressed gratitude towards non-healthcare professionals for supporting clinical work, from a doctor’s perspective. Conclusion Socialization with non-healthcare professionals provides important insights into the hospital working environment and cultural working norms. Through role modelling altruism and responsibility, non-healthcare professionals positively influenced student professional identity formation, promoting self-conceptualisation as a doctor.

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Improving the management and care of refugees in Australian hospitals: a descriptive study

Australian Health Review ◽

10.1071/ah15209 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

pp. 679 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lindsey Ross ◽

Catherine Harding ◽

Alexa Seal ◽

Geraldine Duncan

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Barriers To Care ◽

Psychological Needs ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Health Needs ◽

Cultural Barriers ◽

Rural Setting ◽

Provider Perceptions ◽

Additional Support ◽

The Impact

Objectives The aim of the present study was to investigate healthcare provider perceptions of the impact of refugee patients at two public hospitals, one rural and one urban, in designated refugee resettlement areas. Healthcare professionals’ views regarding improvements that could be made in this area were also sought. Methods Two-page anonymous questionnaires containing demographic, quantitative and open-ended questions were distributed to 150 healthcare providers at each research site. Results Response rates at the rural and urban sites were 50% and 49%, respectively. Refugees were seen at least monthly by 40% of respondents. Additional support was requested by 70% of respondents. Confidence was associated with being born overseas (P = 0.029) and increased time working with refugees (rs = 0.418, P < 0.001). Only 47% of respondents felt confident managing social and psychological needs of refugees. Midwives saw refugees more than nursing and allied healthcare staff combined, and this was significant at the rural hospital (P < 0.001). Rural respondents reported that working with refugees enhanced their practice (P = 0.025), although felt significantly less confident (P < 0.001) than urban respondents. Themes that arose regarding barriers to care included language and cultural barriers, paucity of knowledge and issues accessing available services, including appropriate interpreters, Medicare eligibility and patient factors, including lack of patient trust in government systems. Desire for support was more pronounced in the rural setting (P = 0.001). Conclusions Refugees were seen frequently in both settings and most respondents requested additional support, highlighting that caring for refugees in Australian hospitals is a significant challenge. Additional support and education should be targeted to those caring for refugees most frequently, particularly midwifery services, to reduce barriers to care. What is known about the topic? Refugees are a vulnerable group, often with complex health needs. These needs are often unmet because of issues including language and cultural barriers. What does this paper add? Refugees were seen frequently in the two public hospital settings involved in the present study and most often by midwifery services. Healthcare professionals require more support, more information about available services and better access to interpreter services. These issues were more pronounced in the rural setting where very limited research exists. What are the implications for practitioners? Implementing additional support and education regarding refugee health needs could increase knowledge and confidence when managing refugees, reducing barriers to care and improving quality of care.

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USE OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS TO REDUCE THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

UZBEK MEDICAL JOURNAL ◽

10.26739/2181-0664-2021-1-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 38-43

Author(s):

Abdullajon Komilov ◽

◽

Madinabonu Sultonova ◽

Durdona Orifjonova

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Saturation ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Direct Contact ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Automatic Monitoring ◽

Saturation Level ◽

Blood Oxygen ◽

Blood Oxygen Saturation ◽

Oxygen Saturation Level ◽

The Impact

Today, the COVID-19 pandemic is one of the most pressing problems facing humanity. Therefore, reducing the population's level of infection with this virus is one of our government's main tasks.Therefore, it is necessary to isolate patients with chronic diseases as much as possible. Clients are more likely to be infected with caronavirus due to their age and the presence of underlying medical conditions.Limiting direct contact between such patients and observing healthcare professionals significantly reduces the patient's chances of contracting caronavirus.The article proposes a device design that allows for remote automatic monitoring of patients' condition being treated at home by an observing medical professional.With the proposed device's help, the patient's blood oxygen saturation level is automatically and remotely controlled. The device is built on an Arduino board.The use of the device greatly reduces the likelihood of contracting caronavirus in patients receiving home treatment.This could be one of the most important decisions in maintaining the health of the population today.

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Abstract P862: Successes and Impact of a Statewide Stroke Education Campaign for Healthcare Providers

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.52.suppl_1.p862 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Olivia N Jones ◽

Janna Pietrzak ◽

Kylie Picou ◽

Mindy Cook ◽

Adela Santana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

North Dakota ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Life Support ◽

Systems Of Care ◽

Everyday Practice ◽

Care Providers ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Treatment Methods ◽

The Impact

Introduction: The North Dakota Mission: Lifeline Stroke program is a 3-year initiative which aims to improve statewide stroke systems of care. Due to complexities in recognizing and treating stroke patients, effective education of prehospital and hospital health care providers on guideline-based assessments and treatment methods were identified as an essential intervention. In person lectures, conferences, workshops, stroke simulation trainings, online courses, webinars, and a stroke certification program were deployed throughout the project. Purpose: The purpose of the post-education survey was to determine the impact, value, and success of different types of education provided during the project. Methods: North Dakota healthcare professionals (n=221) completed a 20-question online survey about their experiences participating in the stroke trainings provided from 2017 to 2020. Results: Survey respondents consisted of 76 Emergency Medical Service (EMS) providers and 145 hospital-based healthcare professionals. The majority of hospital-based staff respondents were nurses (80.1%), while most EMS-based respondents were paramedics or EMTs (75.0%). Half of all respondents (49.8%) participated in 2 or more educational offerings. Respondents were asked to rank the educational offerings in which they participated in by order of the benefit to their everyday practice. The two highest ranking educational offerings were the Advanced Stroke Life Support Class (mean rank=1.6) and Simulation in Motion (SIM) ND (mean rank=2.3). More than 90% of respondents stated that these trainings were extremely or very applicable to their everyday practice. When asked about the overall impact of all the educational offerings they participated in, almost all (92.6%) respondents indicated they agree that because of the trainings they have a better understanding of the key issues related to caring for stroke patients. Conclusions: Overall, the comprehensive survey provides concrete evidence and feedback that multi-modal education campaigns are well-received and effective in furthering awareness of guideline-based stroke assessments and treatment methods. Activities with a kinesthetic learning approach were found to be especially well-received.

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‘It’s a real fine balancing act’: directly employed care workers’ experiences of engaging with health services

International Journal of Care and Caring ◽

10.1332/239788221x16099486601224 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jane Wilcock ◽

Jill Manthorpe ◽

Jo Moriarty ◽

Steve Iliffe

Keyword(s):

Health Services ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Well Being ◽

Care Work ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Care Workers ◽

The Impact ◽

Health And Well Being

Little is known of the experiences of directly employed care workers communicating with healthcare providers about the situations of their employers. We report findings from 30 in-depth semi-structured interviews with directly employed care workers in England undertaken in 2018–19. Findings relate to role content, communication with healthcare professionals and their own well-being. Directly employed care workers need to be flexible about the tasks they perform and the changing needs of those whom they support. Having to take on health liaison roles can be problematic, and the impact of care work on directly employed workers’ own health and well-being needs further investigation.

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