THE EFFECT OF A LONG VOYAGE CONDITIONS ON THE LEVEL OF STRESS-IMPLEMENTING HORMONES IN RIVER TRANSPORT WORKERS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.Z. Zasimova ◽  
◽  
A.S. Golderova
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
River Transport ◽  
Adaptive Mechanisms ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Transport Workers

Abstract: The stress-releasing hormones in river workers before and after a long voyage in Yakutia have been evaluated. We revealed a significant increase in the level of thyroid hormones (TSH, T3, T4) and testosterone, as well as a decrease in cortisol and integral thyroid index, that is indicating stress, as well as signs of depletion of adaptive mechanisms.

scholarly journals Fixation eye movement abnormalities and stereopsis recovery following strabismus repair

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Talora L. Martin ◽  
Jordan Murray ◽  
Kiran Garg ◽  
Charles Gallagher ◽  
Aasef G. Shaikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Slow Phase ◽  
Fixational Eye Movements ◽  
Movement Characteristics ◽  
Adaptive Mechanisms ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Gaze Holding ◽  
Fixational Saccades

AbstractWe evaluated the effects of strabismus repair on fixational eye movements (FEMs) and stereopsis recovery in patients with fusion maldevelopment nystagmus (FMN) and patients without nystagmus. Twenty-one patients with strabismus, twelve with FMN and nine without nystagmus, were tested before and after strabismus repair. Eye-movements were recorded during a gaze-holding task under monocular viewing conditions. Fast (fixational saccades and quick phases of nystagmus) and slow (inter-saccadic drifts and slow phases of nystagmus) FEMs and bivariate contour ellipse area (BCEA) were analyzed in the viewing and non-viewing eye. Strabismus repair improved the angle of strabismus in subjects with and without FMN, however patients without nystagmus were more likely to have improvement in stereoacuity. The fixational saccade amplitudes and intersaccadic drift velocities in both eyes decreased after strabismus repair in subjects without nystagmus. The slow phase velocities were higher in patients with FMN compared to inter-saccadic drifts in patients without nystagmus. There was no change in the BCEA after surgery in either group. In patients without nystagmus, the improvement of the binocular function (stereopsis), as well as decreased fixational saccade amplitude and intersaccadic drift velocity, could be due, at least partially, to central adaptive mechanisms rendered possible by surgical realignment of the eyes. The absence of improvement in patients with FMN post strabismus repair likely suggests the lack of such adaptive mechanisms in patients with early onset infantile strabismus. Assessment of fixation eye movement characteristics can be a useful tool to predict functional improvement post strabismus repair.

Lack of effects of circulating thyroid hormone levels on serum leptin concentrations

1997 ◽  
pp. 659-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Corbetta ◽  
P Englaro ◽  
S Giambona ◽  
L Persani ◽  
WF Blum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Standard Deviation Score ◽  
Protein Product ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Central Hypothyroidism ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Thyroxine Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Thyroxine Replacement Therapy

Leptin is the protein product of the ob gene, secreted by adipocytes. It has been suggested that it may play an important role in regulating appetite and energy expenditure. The aim of this study was to evaluate a possible interaction of thyroid hormones with the leptin system. We studied 114 adult patients (65 females and 49 males): 36 were affected with primary hypothyroidism (PH), 38 with central hypothyroidism (CH) and 40 with thyrotoxicosis (TT). Patients with CH were studied both before and after 6 months of L-thyroxine replacement therapy. Body mass index (BMI; kg/m2), thyroid function and fasting serum leptin were assessed in all patients. Since BMI has been proved to be the major influencing variable of circulating leptin levels, data were expressed as standard deviation score (SDS) calculated from 393 male and 561 female controls matched for age and BMI. No difference in SDS was recorded between males and females whatever the levels of circulating thyroid hormones. In males, no significant difference was recorded among the SDSs of PH (-0.36 +/- 1.2), TT (-0.35 +/- 1.2) and CH (0.01 +/- 1.4) patients. Females with PH had an SDSs significantly lower than TT females (-0.77 +/- 1.0 vs -0.06 +/- 1.2; P < 0.02), while no significant differences between CH (-0.34 +/- 0.7) and TT females or between CH and PH females were observed. SDS in CH patients after 6 months of L-thyroxine therapy significantly varied only in females (0.25 +/- 1.4). In conclusion, circulating thyroid hormones do not appear to play any relevant role in leptin synthesis and secretion. However, as females with either overt hypo- or hyper-thyroidism or central hypothyroidism after L-thyroxine therapy show differences in their SDSs, a subtle interaction between sex steroids and thyroid status in modulating leptin secretion, at least in women, may occur.

The effect of levothyroxine in comparison with placebo on serum osteocalcin levels in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reihaneh Rezaee ◽  
Masoud Mohebbi ◽  
Mozhgan Afkhamizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Ali Yaghoubi ◽  
Mona Najaf Najafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Serum Osteocalcin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Metabolic Conditions ◽  
And Control

Background and Objective: Subclinical hypothyroidism can potentially develop to overt hypothyroidism. Thyroid hormones have substantial roles in metabolism and glucose homeostasis and thus are closely related to determinant factors of metabolic syndromes, such as obesity and insulin resistance. Osteocalcin is considered a predictor of metabolic conditions in thyroid diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effect of levothyroxine vs. placebo on serum osteocalcin levels in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed on 30 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism who were referred to the endocrine clinics of Ghaem and Imam Reza hospitals in Mashhad, Iran. After giving informed consent, patients were randomly divided into intervention (50 µg/day levothyroxine for 2 months) and control (placebo) groups. Serum levels of osteocalcin, thyroid hormones, lipid profile, insulin, and fasting glucose, as well as other clinical and anthropometric data, were measured at baseline and at the end of the study. SPSS was used to analyze the data and P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Mean age in the intervention and control groups was 35.07 ± 9.94 and 31.30 ± 4.30, respectively (P=0.20). There was no significant difference between osteocalcin levels before and after the intervention in either of the groups (P=0.54). TSH level was significantly decreased in the levothyroxine group after the intervention (P<0.01). T4 level was significantly increased in the intervention group (P=0.02). Conclusion: Levothyroxine had no significant effect on increasing the levels of serum osteocalcin in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. We have registered the trial in the Iranian registry of clinical trials (IRCT) with the registration code IRCT20171129037677N1.

STUDY OF GHRELIN LEVELS IN HYPOTHYROID PATIENTS BEFORE AND AFTER TREATMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-54
Author(s):  
Peeyush Yadav ◽  
G. G. Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Serum Ghrelin ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients

Objective: Aim of the present study was to evaluate the levels of ghrelin in hypothyroid patients before and after treatment with L-thyroxine and to nd a possible relationship between ghrelin and thyroid hormones. Material & Methods: The present study was conducted on 100 hypothyroid patients (44 Males & 56 Females) before treatment (Group A) and after treatment (Group B) attending the outpatient clinics or admitted in wards of J.L.N. Hospitals, Ajmer. 100 healthy control subjects (Group C) of same age group of either gender were selected for the study. Blood samples were drawn from patients and controls, after overnight fast of at least 8 hours. Estimation of Serum Ghrelin, free T3, free T4, and TSH was done by using Enzyme- Linked Immunosorbant Assay (ELISA) technique. Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL – Cholesterol were measured by automated analyser (Beckman & Coulter's AU680). VLDL – Cholesterol, LDL – Cholesterol were calculated by Friedwald's formula. Differences in the parameters among the groups were analyzed by ANOVA test followed by its Tukey HSD post hoc analysis. Correlations between variables were tested using the Pearson rho (r: Correlation coefcient) correlation test. Results: Findings of the present study shows that the levels of serum fT3 (1.79 ± 0.29 pg/mL) and serum fT4 (0.34 ± 0.11 ng/dL) were signicantly lower in Group A compared to Group B (fT3 = 3.00 ± 0.32 pg/mL & fT4 = 0.81 ± 0.15 ng/dL) and Group C (fT3 = 3.12 ± 0.31 pg/mL & fT4 = 0.85 ± 0.11ng/dL) whereas serum TSH levels were signicantly higher in Group A (40.59 ± 13.55 μIU/mL) compared to Group B (5.34 ± 1.47 μIU/mL) and Group C (3.23 ± 1.04 μIU/mL). Levels of serum Ghrelin were signicantly higher in Group A (918.19 ± 48.47 pg/mL) compared to Group B (700.34 ± 46.35 pg/mL) and Group C (681.49 ± 35.80 pg/mL). A non signicant correlation of Ghrelin with S.fT4 and TSH was found in both Group A and Group B whereas S.fT3 and BMI shows a non signicant correlation in Group A in comparison to a signicant correlation in Group B. Conclusion: There is a reversible increase in the levels of serum ghrelin which became normalized after L-thyroxine substitution in hypothyroid patients. Alteration in the levels of serum ghrelin in thyroid disorders indicates a compensatory role of ghrelin in metabolic disturbances and also suggests a possible association between thyroid hormones and serum ghrelin levels.

Associations between pituitary-thyroid hormones and depressive symptoms in individuals with anorexia nervosa before and after weight-recovery

2021 ◽  
pp. 105630
Author(s):  
Marie-Louis Wronski ◽  
Friederike I. Tam ◽  
Maria Seidel ◽  
Peter Mirtschink ◽  
David Mc. Poitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Before And After

Thermogenic effect of thyroid hormones: interactions with epinephrine and insulin.

1990 ◽  
Vol 259 (3) ◽  
pp. E305
Author(s):  
V Piolino ◽  
K J Acheson ◽  
M J Müller ◽  
N Jeanprêtre ◽  
A G Burger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Basal Insulin ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Epinephrine Infusion ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Basal Plasma

The interactions between thyroid hormones, epinephrine, and insulin in the regulation of energy expenditure were investigated in a group of healthy young men before and after thyroxine (T4) treatment (300 micrograms/day for 14 days) at basal plasma insulin concentrations and during hypoinsulinemia with and without epinephrine infusion (0.05 micrograms.kg fat-free mass-1.min-1). T4 treatment induced moderate hyperthyroidism and increased resting energy expenditure (RMR). The effect was more pronounced during short-term hypoinsulinemia, but hypoinsulinemia by itself did not influence RMR. Epinephrine infusion caused a significant increase in energy expenditure. The effect was most pronounced at hypoinsulinemia and with T4 treatment. Hypoinsulinemia and T4 treatment were not additive in their effects. We conclude that basal insulin concentrations mask some of the thermogenic effects of thyroid hormones and epinephrine. Thus insulin antagonism may suppress some of the thermogenic actions of thyroid hormones and epinephrine.

Extraocular muscle proprioception functions in the control of ocular alignment and eye movement conjugacy

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 1028-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Lewis ◽  
D. S. Zee ◽  
B. M. Gaymard ◽  
B. L. Guthrie
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Extraocular Muscle ◽  
Efference Copy ◽  
Binocular Viewing ◽  
Error Signal ◽  
Muscle Proprioception ◽  
Adaptive Mechanisms ◽  
Before And After

1. The function of extraocular muscle proprioception in the control of eye movements is uncertain. We tested the hypothesis that proprioception contributes to the long-term regulation of ocular alignment and eye movement conjugacy. 2. Eye movements were recorded in monkeys with unilateral extraocular muscle palsies, before and after proprioceptive deafferentation of the paretic eye. Following deafferentation, ocular alignment and saccade conjugacy gradually worsened over several weeks. In contrast, disconjugate adaptation induced by habitual binocular viewing with a prism (disparity-mediated adaptation) occurred normally after deafferentation. 3. These results provide the first evidence that proprioception functions in the control of eye movements in primates, and indicate that proprioception contributes to the long-term adaptive mechanisms that regulate ocular alignment during fixation and saccades. The error signal used in this process may be derived from a mismatch between the efference copy and proprioceptive afference.

Effect of a single injection of prolactin on the serum concentrations of thyroid hormones and corticosterone and liver monodeiodinase in the domestic fowl before and after hatching

1985 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Decuypere ◽  
E. R. Kühn
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Domestic Fowl ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Chicken Serum ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ovine Prolactin ◽  
Corticosterone Release

ABSTRACT The influence of an intravenous injection of ovine prolactin on the liver monodeiodinase activity and serum concentrations of thyroid hormones and corticosterone was studied in Hisex embryos and chicks after hatching. An injection of 1 and 10 μg ovine prolactin into 18-day-old chick embryos increased serum concentrations of tri-iodothyronine (T3) five-and eightfold respectively after 2 h. At the same time serum concentrations of thyroxine (T4) and reverse T3 (rT3) were decreased in the chick embryo, but only with 10 μg prolactin. This was accompanied by a doubling of the liver monodeiodinase activity. Serum concentrations of corticosterone, however, were not influenced by the prolactin injections. In the 5-day-old chicken, serum concentrations of T3, rT3, T4 and liver T4-5′-monodeiodinase activity were not influenced by 1 or 10 μg prolactin. Serum concentrations of corticosterone after injection of 1 or 10 μg prolactin were doubled compared with controls. These results are compatible with a prolactin-induced shift from a T4-5-monodeiodination into a T4-5′-monodeiodination in the liver at the end of incubation. This effect, however, is not mediated through a prolactin-induced corticosterone release. J. Endocr. (1985) 104, 363–366

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