THE PUBLICATIONS OF THE MEMBERS OF THE IMPERIAL SOCIETY OF AGRICULTURE OF SOUTHERN RUSSIA IN DEFENCE OF THE ECONOMIC INTERESTS OF THE DNIEPER UKRAINE IN THE 1830'S – 1840'S

The article focuses on the analysis of the publications of members of the Imperial Society of Agriculture of Southern Russia (with the center in Odesa) and related figures, published on the pages of the “Listki” and later of the “Notes” of the Society and the newspaper “Odesskiy vestnik” in 1830`s – 1840's. It was noted that the authors of these publications belonged to various economic courses from conservative to moderately liberal. It was also pointed out the circulations among the members of the Society the ideas of “physiocrats”, which they themselves understood as a recognition of the priority of agriculture, over all other human activities. The publications whose authors insisted on the necessity for immediate government measures to improve transport connections, especially the deployment of railways and improved the river transport vital to the development of agricultural exports were examined by author. The arguments of the members of the Society in their polemics with the authors of the St. Petersburg “Zemledelcheskaya gazeta”, who unjustifiably criticized the traditional forms of Ukrainian economy and accused the Ukrainian peasants of natural “laziness”, were interpreted too. In addition the author of the research analyzed the publications of the members of the Society, who supported the free trade course. It was concluded that, regardless of the general economic views, the members of the Society mostly grouped around the protection of economic interests of Ukrainian lands.

Approbation of the methodology for determining the time of passenger movement on the inner-city and suburban route

Presents the results of testing the methodology for determining the passenger's travel time according to the "door-to-door" scheme on intra-city and suburban routes using hovercrafts. The introduction presents the results of the analysis of a number of research works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of passenger transportation by hovercraft. The analysis showed that studies of passenger travel taking into account such factors as distance and time according to the "door-to-door" scheme on intra-city and suburban routes in riverine regions by buses and hovercraft do not occur, which means that the chosen research topic is relevant. The methods section summarizes the basics of calculations and initial data for testing the methodology for determining the time spent by passengers on a trip using a hovercraft. The results section provides graphical data as a result of testing the methodology. The opinion of the authors of the article on the use of alternative travel options by a passenger on intra-city and suburban routes by road and (or) river transport is put up for discussion. In the final part of the article, it is determined that this method of determining the travel time of a passenger on intra-city, and in comparison, may be of interest both for passengers and transport organizations.

Factor analysis of cargo river transportation recovery on the Unified deep-water system of Russia

In the second half of the XX century, Russian river transport was actively developing, and by 1990 the volume of cargo transportation reached 580 million tons. Now in the 20s of the XXI century, the volume of river traffic has decreased almost fivefold. There has been a redistribution of transportation between modes of transport: the shares of rail and river modes of transport have decreased, the shares of road and pipeline have increased. From the point of view of public interests, the existing distribution of traffic between modes of transport is not rational. The volume of production in the economy of the Russian Federation has fully recovered, but the growth of river traffic does not occur due to the redistribution of traffic between other modes of transport. The article discusses the reasons for a significant decrease in the share of river transport in the total volume of transport services and suggests measures to restore the position of inland waterway transport.

NATURE AND ORIGIN OF MAJOR SECURITY CONCERNS AND POTENTIAL THREATS TO THE SHIPPING INDUSTRY

During the last decades, maritime security has always stood as a separate critical problem for both shipowners and crews of sea-going ships, characterized by alternating periods of relative stability and periods of occurrence and growth of new threats, which proceeded from times of sailing fleet to an epoch of iron steam shipbuilding. Certainly, it is difficult to overestimate the significant role of the scientific community, which has been researching this problem for a long time, studying its scientific and practical sides. The professional experience of seafarers in sufficient measure, served as a basis of interest to this question, has led to the development of strategies and complex measures, which until now provided safety for ships and their crewmembers. Without recent advances in maritime security, shipping as an industry would not be able to reach the current level of reliability in shipping processes. Each generation of humanity has prioritized maritime security, contributing to improving its standards and stressing the importance of continuous development of the theoretical base. At least 23 million tons of cargo and 55,000 passengers move daily by water transport, so the concept of maritime safety applies not only to the safety of life at sea, ship and cargo security but also to the prevention of maritime accidents and pollution. The increasing share of sea and river transport in the international cargo and passenger turnover leads to the need to increase demands on maritime safety and security.

The Role of the Association of Colleges and Technical Schools of Transport in Industry Education

The role of the non-profit organization “Association of colleges and technical schools of transport” in solving problems related to the modernization of transport education is considered. Today the Association is an effective tool for feedback with educational organizations in promoting innovative projects in the field of education.Association pays special attention to coordinating the development of new industry competencies WorldSkills.The need for the creation of new competencies is revealed, as a rule, in preparation for a new championship cycle, the introduction of demonstration exam technologies or the development of the championship movement in production, in a region or a university.The idea of joining efforts with colleges and technical schools of sea and river transport of industrial university complexes within the framework of the Association, which is actively supported by the Ministry of Transport of Russia, is becoming significant. This is a further perspective, the next step in the development of the Association.To do together what we cannot do alone is the leitmotif of the activities of the Association, which opens up the opportunity for all members of the Association to reach new educational frontiers.

Comprehensive assessment of the influence of territorial environmental factors and conditions of vocational training on the adaptation of the body of students in the development of working specialties

Professional training of cadets of lyceums in the process of mastering working specialties is accompanied by the influence on the adolescents' organism of ecological and hygienic territorial environmental factors, as well as specific factors of the educational and production environment. The study aims to explore the influence of factors of the environment and educational-production environment of river transport lyceums on the adaptation of adolescents' bodies in the process of teaching working specialties. A survey of 400 cadets studying at the Saratov and Balakovo lyceums of river transport (200 boys each) at the age of 15-18 years was carried out. The hygienic assessment of the organization and conditions of vocational training of adolescents mastering working specialties was carried out in accordance with SanPiN 2.4.3.1186-03, assessment of the conditions and nature of cadets' work in accordance with R 2.2.2006-05 "Guidelines for the hygienic assessment of the factors of the working environment and the labor process. Criteria and classification of working conditions". The processes of adaptation of the body of young men were studied in terms of psychophysiological status on a computer complex KPFK-99 - "Psychomat". To assess the adaptation of the cardiovascular system to physical activity, the Rufier index and the Martinet-Kushelevsky test were used. Statistical processing of materials was carried out using the program "Statistica for Windows 10.0". It is shown that vocational training of students in the process of passing educational practice in the shops of a ship repair enterprise, as well as swimming practice is accompanied by the impact on cadets of unfavorable production factors: microclimatic, increased sound pressure and vibration levels, exceeding the permissible content of chemicals in the air of the working area. The nature of the factors of educational and production activity of cadets during the periods of technological, swimming practice leads to a decrease in the adaptation processes of the body of young men, which is manifested by changes in the indicators of the psychophysiological status and functional activity of the cardiovascular system during stress tests. Negative factors of atmospheric air pollution of the environment, regardless of the territorial affiliation of the settlement, contribute to an increase in the overall incidence of cadets with a predominance of respiratory diseases. Among students with a deficit or excess body weight, in the process of passing professional practice, the number of people with low indicators of the body's adaptive ability to workloads is increasing.

THE EFFECT OF A LONG VOYAGE CONDITIONS ON THE LEVEL OF STRESS-IMPLEMENTING HORMONES IN RIVER TRANSPORT WORKERS

The stress-releasing hormones in river workers before and after a long voyage in Yakutia have been evaluated. We revealed a significant increase in the level of thyroid hormones (TSH, T3, T4) and testosterone, as well as a decrease in cortisol and integral thyroid index, that is indicating stress, as well as signs of depletion of adaptive mechanisms.

Concept and algorithm of justification of transport and logistics schemes for delivery of export-import dry cargo with participation of river transport of Russia

The article discusses the development of the transport of dry goods, including in containers, along the inland waterways of Russia. The authors presented the concept and algorithm of substantiating transport and logistics schemes for the delivery of export-import dry cargo with the participation of river transport, since it is here that justified and comprehensive state measures are needed to increase the role of this transport in cooperation with railway, road and sea modes of transport. Factors that negatively affect the functioning of river transport are described, topical transport and logistics schemes for the transport of dry cargo are proposed: through the Northern Sea Route or railway transport (Alternative - through Gibraltar and the Suez Canal); through the international transport corridor (ITC) «North-South»; the scheme of transportation of export-import dry cargo to the regions of Russia and vice versa "Western Europe - Russia." The conclusion contains a list of measures to develop further research.

Improvement of the scientific and methodological base of the system of organization of cargo transportation on inland water transport

Актуальность темы обуславливается важным значением рациональной организации перевозок для повышения эффективности работы судоходных компаний. При этом в качестве форм организации понимаются типовые организационные подходы согласования взаимодействия между различными объектами и элементами транспортной системы. В работе проводится анализ существующих подходов к выявлению устойчивых форм организации движения, их влияние на показатели работы транспортных компаний. Авторами отмечается снижение эффективности использования флота в России, переформатирование отношений в России между перевозчиками и грузовладельцами, нестабильность грузовой базы речного транспорта. Это привело к трансформации форм организации перевозок и движения флота. Поэтому многие теоретические положения в области организации работы речного флота нуждаются в адаптации к новым условиям и, следовательно, в доработке. В статье формулируются актуальные научные задачи, направленные на совершенствование научно-методического обеспечения системы организации речного судоходства в современных условиях. Предлагается система оценочных показателей, характеризующих организационные формы судоходства. Для оценки степени устойчивости схем движения судов предлагается использовать показатель, учитывающий число разных переходов судов между грузопотоками за определенный период и повторяемость этих переходов. Авторами также были сформулированы признаки, свойственной каждой из форм организации судоходства. Приводятся результаты экспериментальных расчетов оценочных показателей для крупной судоходной компании России «В.Ф.Танкер», занимающейся перевозками нефтегрузов. При этом были рассмотрены рейсы, выполненные танкерным флотом компании проекта RSD-27 за навигацию. The relevance of the topic is determined by the importance of rational organization of transportation to improve the efficiency of shipping companies. At the same time, typical organizational approaches to coordination of interaction between various objects and elements of the transport system are understood as forms of organization. The paper analyzes the existing approaches to identifying sustainable forms of traffic management, their impact on the performance of transport companies. The authors note the decline in the efficiency of fleet use in Russia, the reformatting of relations in Russia between carriers and cargo owners, and the instability of the cargo base of river transport. This led to the transformation of the forms of organization of transportation and fleet movement. Therefore, many theoretical provisions in the field of organizing the work of the river fleet need to be adapted to new conditions and, consequently, to be finalized. The article formulates actual scientific tasks aimed at improving the scientific and methodological support of the system of river navigation organization in modern conditions. A system of evaluation indicators that characterize the organizational forms of navigation is proposed. To assess the degree of stability of ship traffic patterns, it is proposed to use an indicator that takes into account the number of different transitions of ships between cargo flows over a certain period and the repeatability of these transitions. The authors also formulated the features inherent in each of the forms of navigation organization. The results of experimental calculations of estimated indicators for a large Russian shipping company "V. F.Tanker", which is engaged in the transportation of oil and gas cargo. At the same time, the flights performed by the tanker fleet of the RSD-27 project company for navigation were considered.