scholarly journals Technical note—modified above-knee socket to relieve anterior pressure caused by abdominal hernia

1983 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-49
Author(s):  
C. P. U. Stewart ◽  
R. Spiers
Keyword(s):  
Female Patient ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Considerable Degree ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Abdominal Hernia ◽  
Large Radius ◽  
Pressure Relief ◽  
Simple Modification ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Conventional Methods

The plastic quadrilateral socket has a high anterior brim which can cause considerable discomfort in some patients, especially when seated. A simple modification to the anterior brim is described allowing a female patient with a huge abdominal hemia a considerable degree of comfort when both sitting and standing. The creation of a large radius producing a wide area for adequate pressure relief proved valuable. This might be considered for patients with less pendulous abdomens who find conventional methods inadequate.

Identifying foreign firms and South African multinational enterprises: CIT-IRP5 panel v4.0

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kilumelume ◽  
Hayley Reynolds ◽  
Amina Ebrahim
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Foreign Ownership ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
The Creation

The identification of foreign firms and South African multinational enterprises (MNEs) in the CIT-IRP5 panel has proved to be a challenge for many researchers. The CIT-IRP5 panel contains variables indicating different thresholds that determine foreign ownership. The dataset also has variables that researchers can use to identify South African MNEs. Using the approaches employed by researchers who have attempted to identify foreign firms and South African MNEs in the data, four foreign firms and MNE indicators have been added to the CIT-IRP5 panel v4.0. This technical note documents the approach followed in the creation of each indicator. This note also highlights the possible company classifications in the data and fields on the ITR14 form that can be used to identify these classifications.

scholarly journals Żywe strefy wyobraźni. Przyjmowanie gości jako praktyka oporu

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-23
Author(s):  
Adam Pisarek
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Considerable Degree ◽  
A Value ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Order ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Polish Culture ◽  
Important Basis

This article concerns “living zones of the imagination”—areas of social life in which intensive “interpretive labor” is underway. Thanks to these zones, it is possible to engage in universally accepted exercises that enable a person to “see the world through the eyes of another person” and that yet do not disturb the current socio-cultural order. They provide an important basis for understanding among people, for harmonizing meanings in the sphere of social realities, and for integration that goes beyond certain permanent boundaries and hierarchies. The basic aim of the article is to prove that hospitality, understood as a value in Polish culture, could contribute to a considerable degree to the creation of such zones. The author analyzes the zones’ character, function, and meaning, paying attention to how they resist the expansion of bureaucratic ways of organizing social life. He also draws attention to the influence that an axio-normative pattern could havewithin specific models of behavior and cultural practices.

scholarly journals Technical Note: Implementation of prescribed (OFFLEM), calculated (ONLEM), and pseudo-emissions (TNUDGE) of chemical species in the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy)

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 5485-5504
Author(s):  
A. Kerkweg ◽  
R. Sander ◽  
H. Tost ◽  
P. Jöckel
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Species ◽  
Atmospheric Modeling ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Sources And Sinks ◽  
Emission Fluxes ◽  
Specific Emissions ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Community Modeling

Abstract. We present the submodels OFFLEM, ONLEM, and TNUDGE for the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy). Prescribed emissions from input files are handled by OFFLEM. ONLEM deals with online-calculated emissions, i.e., emissions that are calculated during the simulation. The submodel TNUDGE uses the ''tracer nudging'' technique for pseudo-sources and -sinks. For species with highly uncertain emission fluxes and/or with sufficiently long lifetimes, e.g., CH4, it is common to create such pseudo-fluxes by prescribing the observed mixing ratio of the species at a given boundary (e.g., the mixing ratio of methane at the surface, or the ozone mixing ratio at the tropopause). All three submodels substantially simplify the inclusion of emissions into a model. Specific emissions can easily be switched on or off. New prescribed emissions can be included without rewriting any code. New online emissions only require one additional subroutine containing the new parameterization. A major advantage is that input fields at arbitrary resolution can be used. The problem of incompatible grids between emission data and model is overcome by utilizing the MESSy data import interface. To further simplify the creation of new offline emission data, the preprocessing program EDGAR2NC is provided. EDGAR2NC transforms files from the EDGAR format into the netCDF format which is required by OFFLEM. The presented routines are a part of the community modeling project MESSy and can be made available for use to the atmospheric modeling community.

Technical Note

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Schimmelpfennig
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Statistical Evidence ◽  
Opportunity Costs ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
The South ◽  
Economic Surplus ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Additional Support

In 1898, two railways serving the south-east of England agreed to be managed by a joint committee. This paper finds clear statistical evidence of the negative impact this had on total economic costs, including opportunity costs of capital, as well as working expenditure. Thus, additional support was provided for the then British railway policy already strongly suspicious of railway mergers on competition grounds. At the same time the findings could reopen the discussion on the wisdom of today’s British rail privatisation philosophy. In particular, one could argue that, instead of separating infrastructure and train operations, the creation of vertically-integrated regional duopolies along the pre-1899 networks might lead to genuine competition, require less regulation, reduce costs, and thus increase economic surplus.

scholarly journals Use of Google Form in Support of Data Collection for Student Scientific Work

JUDIMAS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Tri Widayanti
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
Application Form ◽  
Direct Practice ◽  
Know How ◽  
Study Programs ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Conventional Methods

<p>The creation and dissemination of questionnaires conventionally has an impact in data collection and completion of thesis for longer. While on the other hand students should be able to complete college on time. The accuracy of students completing lectures also affects the accreditation of study programs and universities. The purpose of community service implementation to foster knowledge and insight so that students can practice google form application in making questionnaires and collecting scientific work data online. Considering the number of students of the College of Economists Boedi Oetomo Pontianak who do not know how to make questionnaires using the google form application. So far, students are still using conventional methods in the manufacture and dissemination of questionnaires. The seminar was attended by 22 participants from the final semester of the Boedi Oetomo Pontianak College of Economics. Implementation of community service using lecture approach, direct practice guidance and discussion so that participants can understand the material delivered. Based on the results of Pretest and Postest showed that after the seminar all students can understand the use of google application form for the creation of questionnaires and data collection of scientific work.</p>

scholarly journals Succession of the image

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Koniuszewski
Keyword(s):  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Crucial Point ◽  
Mechanical Reproduction ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Copy And Paste ◽  
Generic Copy

As technology evolves and spheres of information dissemination begin to converge, now is a crucial point to become critical with how these factors are beginning to influence architecture. It is important to understand the ways in which we consume architecture is affecting the architecture we produce. Is architecture a handful of money-shot renderings creating idealised moments captioned with generic copy and paste, or buried in books on shelves? Or have we as architects decided that mechanical reproduction is unable to capture the essence of architecture and that it can only be experienced? The succession of the image is the challenging of conventional methods of communication utilized by the architectural artifact. In focusing on the possibilities afforded via technological advances emerges a variety of mediums for the creation of spatial narratives. The image has progressed and disseminated architecture to this point and it is important to continuously ask what is next.

scholarly journals Technical note: Implementation of prescribed (OFFLEM), calculated (ONLEM), and pseudo-emissions (TNUDGE) of chemical species in the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy)

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3603-3609 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kerkweg ◽  
R. Sander ◽  
H. Tost ◽  
P. Jöckel
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Species ◽  
Atmospheric Modeling ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Sources And Sinks ◽  
Emission Fluxes ◽  
Specific Emissions ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Community Modeling

Abstract. We present the submodels OFFLEM, ONLEM, and TNUDGE for the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy). Prescribed emissions from input files are handled by OFFLEM. ONLEM deals with online-calculated emissions, i.e., emissions that are calculated during the simulation. The submodel TNUDGE uses the "tracer nudging" technique for pseudo-sources and -sinks. For species with highly uncertain emission fluxes and/or with sufficiently long lifetimes, e.g., CH4, it is common to create such pseudo-fluxes by prescribing the observed mixing ratio of the species at a given boundary (e.g., the mixing ratio of methane at the surface, or the ozone mixing ratio at the tropopause). All three submodels substantially simplify the inclusion of emissions into a model. Specific emissions can easily be switched on or off. New prescribed emissions can be included without rewriting any code. New online emissions only require one additional subroutine containing the new parameterization. A major advantage is that input fields at arbitrary resolution can be used. The problem of incompatible grids between emission data and model is overcome by utilizing the MESSy data import interface. To further simplify the creation of new offline emission data, the preprocessing program EDGAR2NC is provided. EDGAR2NC transforms files from the EDGAR format into the netCDF format which is required by OFFLEM. The presented routines are a part of the community modeling project MESSy and can be made available for use to the atmospheric modeling community.

scholarly journals Perspectives on Modelling BIM-enabled Estimating Practices

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwole Alfred Olatunji ◽  
Willy Sher
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Data Management ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Model Data ◽  
Actual Reality ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
The Impact

BIM-enabled estimating processes do not replace or provide a substitute for the traditional approaches used in the architecture, engineering and construction industries. This paper explores the impact of BIM on these traditional processes.  It identifies differences between the approaches used with BIM and other conventional methods, and between the various construction professionals that prepare estimates. We interviewed 17 construction professionals from client organizations, contracting organizations, consulting practices and specialist-project firms. Our analyses highlight several logical relationships between estimating processes and BIM attributes. Estimators need to respond to the challenges BIM poses to traditional estimating practices. BIM-enabled estimating circumvents long-established conventions and traditional approaches, and focuses on data management.  Consideration needs to be given to the model data required for estimating, to the means by which these data may be harnessed when exported, to the means by which the integrity of model data are protected, to the creation and management of tools that work effectively and efficiently in multi-disciplinary settings, and to approaches that narrow the gap between virtual reality and actual reality.  Areas for future research are also identified in the paper.

Technical Note The South Eastern and Chatham Railways Managing Committee

2012 ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
Jörg Schimmelpfennig
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Statistical Evidence ◽  
Opportunity Costs ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
The South ◽  
Economic Surplus ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Additional Support

In 1898, two railways serving the south-east of England agreed to be managed by a joint committee. This paper finds clear statistical evidence of the negative impact this had on total economic costs, including opportunity costs of capital, as well as working expenditure. Thus, additional support was provided for the then British railway policy already strongly suspicious of railway mergers on competition grounds. At the same time the findings could reopen the discussion on the wisdom of today’s British rail privatisation philosophy. In particular, one could argue that, instead of separating infrastructure and train operations, the creation of vertically-integrated regional duopolies along the pre-1899 networks might lead to genuine competition, require less regulation, reduce costs, and thus increase economic surplus.

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