Inhibitory effect of aqueous extract of different parts of unripe pawpaw (Carica papaya) fruit on Fe2+-induced oxidative stress in rat pancreasin vitro

AbstractObjectives: Inflammation plays a crucial role in many of the metabolic abnormalities. The prototypic marker of inflammation is C-reactive protein (CRP), Nitric Oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and their inhibition is considered a promising strategy to combat inflammation. Here, we report the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Carica papaya root aqueous extract in sodium arsenic-induced renal dysfunction.Methodology: Thirty-five rats were used for the experiments. Griess assay was used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Carica papaya roots aqueous extract on the overproduction of nitric oxide (NO). ELISA was used to determine the level of pro-inflammatory markers including c-reactive protein (CRP). ELISA was used to analyze 8-OHdG. The inhibitory effect on the enzymatic activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), adenosine deaminase (ADA), malondialdehyde (MDA) was tested by enzyme activity assay kits.Results:Carica papaya roots aqueous extract suppressed sodium arsenite-stimulated NO production and proinflammatory secretion, such as CRP. Carica papaya roots aqueous extract significantly (p < 0.05) decrease the activities of iNOS, 8-OHdG, ADA and MDA.Conclusion: These results indicated that potent inhibition on CRP, NO, iNOS, ADA, 8-OHdG might constitute the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Carica papaya roots aqueous extract.

Download Full-text

Inhibitory Effect of Aqueous Extract of Stem Bark of Cissus populnea on Ferrous Sulphate- and Sodium Nitroprusside-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat’s Testes In Vitro

ISRN Pharmacology ◽

10.1155/2013/130989 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Seun F. Akomolafe ◽

Ganiyu Oboh ◽

Afolabi A. Akindahunsi ◽

Ayodele J. Akinyemi ◽

Oluwatosin G. Tade

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Sodium Nitroprusside ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Tissue Homogenate ◽

Dependent Manner

Cissus populnea are plants associated with a myriad of medicinal uses in different parts of the world and are good sources of carotenoids, triterpenoids, and ascorbic acid. The antioxidant properties and inhibitory effect of water extractible phytochemicals from stem bark of C. populnea on FeSO4 and sodium nitroprusside- (SNP-) induced lipid peroxidation in rat testes were investigated in vitro. The results revealed that the extract was able to scavenge DPPH radical, chelate Fe2+ and also had a high reducing power. Furthermore, the incubation of the testes tissue homogenate in the presence of FeSO4 and SNP, respectively, caused a significant increase in the malondialdehyde (MDA) contents of the testes. However, the aqueous extract of the stem bark of C. populnea caused a significant decrease in the MDA contents of both Fe2+ (EC50 = 0.027 mg/mL) and SNP- (EC50 = 0.22 mg/mL) induced lipid peroxidation in the rat testes homogenates in a dose-dependent manner. The water extractible phytochemicals from C. populnea protect the testes from oxidative stress and this could be attributed to their high antioxidant activity: DPPH-scavenging ability, Fe2+-chelating and -reducing power. Therefore, oxidatively stress in testes could be potentially managed/prevented by this plant.

Download Full-text

Allelopathic effects of thuja orientalis L. and melia azedarch L. on seed germination of penisitum americanum L

International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences ◽

10.14419/ijbas.v5i2.5674 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 140

Author(s):

Saeeda Bibi ◽

Rukhsana Jabeen ◽

Asma Abdul Hayee ◽

Saima Johar ◽

Shehnaz Sher Ahmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Time Period ◽

Thuja Orientalis ◽

Different Parts

Aqueous extract of leaves, bark and seeds of Meliaazedarach.L and Thujaorientalis L. were assayed at 1, 5 and 10g/L concentration with different time period to check their effect on seed germination, fresh and dry weight and seedling growth of Pennesitiumamericanum L. Result revealed that aqueous extracts of both plants at all concentration and time period had significantly inhibited seed germination ofP.ammericanum L. when compared with control. The inhibitory effect increases with increasing concentration of extracts and time period. The bark extract of all concentration of T.orientalis in 24hr and 48hrs show stimulation in seedling growth while other parts and extracts of all parts of M.azedarachin all concentration and time period show inhibition in all parameters. The order of inhibition when compared different parts of M.azedarch was seeds >bark > leaves while that of T.orientalis was leaves > bark >seeds. Hence it is concluded that aqueous extract of these plant contain water soluble allelochemicals which inhibit the seed germination and seedling growth of P. americanum L. It is suggested that these chemicals may be used as herbicides.

Download Full-text

Inhibitory Effect of Aqueous Extract of Moringa oleifera and Newbuoldia laevis Leaves on Ferrous Sulphate and Sodium Nitroprusside Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat’s Testes in Vitro

Open Journal of Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.4236/ojmc.2012.24015 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 02 (04) ◽

pp. 119-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Seun F. Akomolafe ◽

Ganiyu Oboh ◽

Afolabi A. Akindahunsi ◽

Ayodele J. Akinyemi ◽

Olusola Adeyanju

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Sodium Nitroprusside ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Ferrous Sulphate ◽

Inhibitory Effect

Download Full-text

Carica papaya Linn. fruit extract inhibited the activities of aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase: possible mechanism for amelioration of diabetic complications

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1186/s43094-020-00118-x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mutiu Idowu Kazeem ◽

Ayotomiwa Adeyinka Adeyemi ◽

Abiola Fatimah Adenowo ◽

Mushafau Adewale Akinsanya

Keyword(s):

Aldose Reductase ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Diabetic Complications ◽

Carica Papaya ◽

Citrullus Lanatus ◽

Polyol Pathway ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Sorbitol Dehydrogenase ◽

Diabetic Foot Disease ◽

Foot Disease

Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder which is associated with debilitating complications including eye disease, kidney disorder, and diabetic foot disease. One of the mechanisms implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications is the polyol pathway. This study evaluated the inhibitory effect of aqueous extract of four tropical fruits, namely apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), banana (Musa paradisiaca Linn.), pawpaw (Carica papaya Linn.), and watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai), on the activities of polyol pathway enzymes (aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase). Results All the fruits, with the exception of banana, displayed stronger inhibition of sorbitol dehydrogenase than aldose reductase which culminated in low IC50 for the inhibition of sorbitol dehydrogenase. Of the fruit extracts tested, pawpaw inhibited both aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase most effectively with IC50 of 150.78 μg/mL and 46.30 μg/mL, respectively. Lineweaver-Burk plot also revealed that the pawpaw extract inhibited aldose reductase competitively while sorbitol dehydrogenase was inhibited in a mixed non-competitive manner. Conclusion Aqueous extract of pawpaw fruit effectively inhibited polyol pathway enzymes, and this may be attributed to rich nutritional and phytochemical composition of the fruit. Consequently, the consumption of pawpaw fruit may contribute to the amelioration of diabetic complications.

Download Full-text