Assessing the ties of socioeconomic background and gender on the frequency and the type of alcoholic beverages consumed by French adolescents

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
And Gender

Gender and Age Differences in College Students' Alcohol Consumption

1993 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Drinking Age ◽  
Gender And Age Differences ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Rate Research

Respondents (86 men and 141 women) enrolled in classes at a large university in the Midwest participated in this study, designed to examine the role gender and age play in the consumption of alcoholic beverages. The hypotheses that age and gender would produce significant effects were supported. Men reported significantly greater alcohol consumption than did women. In addition, there was a significant interaction between gender and age. Women under legal drinking age had higher rates of consumption than women of legal drinking age or older, while the opposite pattern was found for men. The long-term pattern of alcohol consumption may be different for men than for women. During the college years, women seem to moderate their consumption. Finally, these results indicate that illegal, underage drinking by men and women occurs at a high rate. Research should be designed to evaluate the extent of the problem.

Does student grade contribute to the declining trend in Programme for International Student Assessment reading and mathematics in Australia?

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-226
Author(s):  
John Ainley ◽  
Dan Cloney ◽  
Jessica Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
International Student ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Achievement Scores ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Reading And Mathematics

Declines in the scores of Australian 15-year-old students from the Programme for International Student Assessment are a matter of policy interest. Some of the declines may have resulted from shifts in the age-grade distributions of students in the Programme for International Student Assessment samples. We use multiple regression methods to model the student-level effects of grade for each Programme for International Student Assessment cycle allowing for the effects of student characteristics (e.g. socioeconomic background and gender) and jurisdiction. We estimate an average net effect of grade over the Programme for International Student Assessment cycles since 2006 as 42 scale points with no difference between reading and mathematics. We explore the extent to which differences between grades in achievement and changes in the grade distributions of students contributed to changes in average Programme for International Student Assessment achievement scores. We conclude that the relatively greater decline in Grade 11, compared to Grade 10 achievement, contributed to the overall decline and that shifts in distributions may have also contributed a little to those declines.

scholarly journals Market analytics of the rice wine market in Japan: an exploratory study

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-491
Author(s):  
Martin Kunc
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Rice Wine ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Anchoring And Adjustment ◽  
Purchasing Behaviour ◽  
And Gender

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse consumer buying behaviour in the Japanese rice wine, also known as sake market. Design/methodology/approach The study applies a novel qualitative and quantitative analytical methodology to an off-license channel in Japan. The methodology involves the use of anchoring-and-adjustment theory and simulation to a large set of point of sale data. The selection of the brands used for the study are more than 230 brands and more than 150 sake breweries. Findings Age and gender are important factors determining recurrent patterns of purchasing behaviour. Small size packaging, e.g. one cup, has the highest volume in sales, for example, convenience shopping, but it depends on exogenous factors, e.g. summer season or festive events. Research limitations/implications Limitations are related with the lack of specific personal data from consumers that impedes to test behavioural attitudes driving loyalty to brands. Anchoring-and-adjustment theory can be a valid approach to evaluate large longitudinal data sets of purchasing behaviour. Practical implications Results indicate that fragmented markets tend to over-expand the assortment affecting volume stability. However, this dynamics is difficult to avoid when all participants are engaged in this behaviour and the market is strongly segmented by age and gender. Originality/value The paper contributes to the body of knowledge of buyer behaviour in relation to purchasing and consumption for other types of wine. It is the first application in alcoholic beverages of anchor-and-adjustment theory.

Effect of Warnings in Advertising on Adolescents' Perceptions of Risk for Alcohol Consumption

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (14) ◽  
pp. 974-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kimberly Bohannon ◽  
Stephen L. Young
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Warning Labels ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Alcohol Advertising ◽  
Perceptions Of Risk ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Two Age Groups

The present study examined the effect of warning labels in alcohol advertising on the perception of risk for alcohol consumption. Under incidental conditions, subjects from two age groups, young (M = 13.6 years) and older (M = 23.3 years), examined a collection of magazine ads. Three of the ads in the booklet were for alcoholic beverages and these were either accompanied by a warning or the warning was absent. When present, the warnings were manipulated by the orthogonal combination of text voice (2nd vs. 3rd person) and pictorial (presence vs. absence) in a between-subjects design. A fifth condition served as the no-warning control. After examining the magazine ads, subjects answered a questionnaire which assessed several dimensions related to the ads: number and type of ads, attractiveness of the ads, and number and type of warnings in the ads. Examination of the questions dealing with the risk of alcohol consumption indicated that adolescents rated their own risk lower than the risk to adolescents in general, but that this bias in risk ratings was not evident when warnings were present. There were also several other age and gender effects. While no individual warning manipulation was found to be consistently superior to another, the results suggest that warnings can be effective in producing proper estimations of risk in different age populations.

scholarly journals Young peoples’ own stories about dropping out in Norway: An indirect qualitative approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Mette Bunting ◽  
Geir Moshuus
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Upper Secondary School ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Upper Secondary ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Out Of School

Mye forskning om skoleavbrudd i videregående opplæring ser på risikofaktorer, som sosio-økonomisk bakgrunn, grunnskolepoeng og kjønn, og kan derfor sies å fokusere på individuelle og strukturelle faktorer. Artikkelen argumenterer for heller å se på skoleavbrudd som et samspill eller møte mellom individet og systemet, det individuelle og strukturelle. Forskningen baseres på data fra en longitudinell kvalitativ studie i sitt fjerde år. Informantene er ungdom i NAV-systemet som har sluttet på videregående skole, men som fortsatt har skolerett. Gjennom den indirekte metoden, en intervjumetode basert på etnografiske intervjuer, søkes det å legge til rette for at ungdommene kan fortelle sine historier med egne ord og på sin måte. Disse fortellingene belyser avbruddsprosessene, og beskriver opplevelser forut for avbruddet. Funnene viser at selv om ungdommene sier dette skjer på grunn av enkelthendelser, belyser fortellingene deres at dette er komplekse prosesser som ligger til grunn, gjerne år tilbake. Artikkelen konkluderer med at sosialt medierte prosesser også utenfor skole, må vektlegges for å kunne forstå skoleavbrudd.Nøkkelord: frafall, kvalitativ longitudinell studie, livshistorier, etnografisk intervju, ungdom, videregående skoleAbstractResearch on dropout from upper secondary school usually focuses on risk factors such as socioeconomic background, previous academic results and gender—that is, on individual and structural factors. The present article argues for a shift of focus, looking at dropping out as an interaction between the person and the system—between the individual and the structural. This research draws on interview data from a longitudinal qualitative study (now in its fourth year) of young people both in and out of school. The informants were young dropouts currently in the welfare system. Using the indirect method (developed from ethnographic interviews), the interviewer sought to establish an environment in which these young people could use their own words when sharing their stories. Those stories provide an insight into the processes and experiences prior to the event of dropping out. The findings show that although young people describe dropping out as a singular event, their stories indicate complex preceding processes, often from some years before. The article concludes that socially mediated interactions between the individual and the structural, both inside school and out of school, must be considered when seeking to understand why young people drop out.Keywords: dropout, qualitative longitudinal study, life stories, ethnographic interview, youth, upper secondary school

Patterns of educational achievement among groups of immigrant children in Denmark emerge already in preschool second-language and preliteracy skills

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 853-875
Author(s):  
Anders Højen ◽  
Dorthe Bleses ◽  
Peter Jensen ◽  
Philip S. Dale
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Immigrant Children ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Immigrant Background ◽  
L2 Development ◽  
Preliteracy Skills ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Before School

AbstractImmigrant children in Denmark differ greatly in educational outcomes. This study examined whether systematic differences in majority language (L2) and preliteracy skills are apparent already at ages 2–6 in immigrant children in Denmark across regional immigration background. Danish language and preliteracy skills in 1,211 immigrant children in four regional groups (based on maternal origin) and 11,259 native Danish nonimmigrant children, all enrolled in Danish childcare centers, were assessed using an age- and gender-normed language assessment instrument. Hierarchical linear models showed that all four immigrant groups scored significantly lower than the native Danish group; the negative coefficients diminished but remained significant when socioeconomic background and having a native Danish father were controlled for. In addition, even with these controls, significant differences existed between some of the immigrant groups, suggesting that factors relating to regional immigrant background were important sources of differences in L2 development. A greater immigrant disadvantage for language than preliteracy skills was found; two immigrant groups did not differ significantly from the nonimmigrant Danish group for preliteracy skills. The results suggest that measures to reduce inequalities in long-term educational achievement between immigrant groups should be taken already before school with a particular focus on L2 language skills.

scholarly journals Decreasing the overall environmental impact of the Dutch diet: how to find healthy and sustainable diets with limited changes

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1699-1709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard FH Kramer ◽  
Marcelo Tyszler ◽  
Pieter van’t Veer ◽  
Hans Blonk
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Land Occupation ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups

AbstractObjectiveTo find diets optimised on nutrition and environmental impact close to the current Dutch diet and to identify the most effective and acceptable options for mitigating environmental impact.DesignLinear programming was used to optimise diets of Dutch men and women aged 9–69 years, divided into ten age–gender groups. The analysis included nutrient composition, a metric for popularity and life cycle assessments of 207 food products. Greenhouse gas emissions, fossil energy use and land occupation were used to calculate a weighted score for the overall environmental impact. Optimised diets were solutions that minimised changes to the current diet while satisfying all nutritional constraints, with stepwise reductions in environmental impact.SettingThe Netherlands.SubjectsDutch children and adults aged 9–69 years.ResultsMeat was always reduced. Vegetable, fruit and dairy contents remained similar, while bread, fatty fish and legumes increased. The extent of changes depended on age and gender. Beverages were not heavily reduced. Nutrients critical for the outcome were α-linoleic acid, retinol, Ca, Na, Se, dietary fibre, SFA, thiamin and Fe (women of childbearing age). Total protein, essential amino acids and carbohydrates were not critical.ConclusionsReducing meat is the most effective option for lowering the environmental impact of diets in all age–gender groups. Reducing alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages is another option. Leaving out fish and dairy products are not. The differences in nutritional requirements related to age and gender have a significant effect on the composition of the optimised diets.

Alcohol, Racial Segregation and Popular Politics in Northern Rhodesia

1990 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Ambler
Keyword(s):  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Nationalist Movement ◽  
British Rule ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Social ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Colonial Government

Historians who have studied the rise of African opposition to colonialism in Northern Rhodesia have concentrated largely on the development of political parties and their campaigns for political rights. This paper explores some of the social and cultural elements of the popular movement against British rule through an examination of challenges to restrictions on the production and consumption of alcoholic beverages. In Northern Rhodesia as in much of British-ruled east, central and southern Africa, the colonial government banned the consumption by Africans of all European-type alcoholic drinks and placed tight restrictions on the brewing and sale of grain beers. In the immediate postwar period racially discriminatory alcohol regulations emerged as a highly emotional issue and remained so despite liberalization of the restrictions on beer and wine. But the focus of popular anger was the municipal grain beer monopolies and attempts on the part of the authorities to stamp out an illegal beer trade conducted by women brewers. Beginning in the mid-1950s this anger erupted in a series of protests and boycotts directed against municipal beerhalls. The protesters, many of whom were women, opposed the exclusion of Africans from a potentially lucrative sector of trade as well as the supposedly immoral and degrading characteristics of the beerhalls. Examination of the struggle over the beerhalls illuminates some of the diverse and contradictory sources and objectives of popular political expression during this period and in particular sheds light on the interplay among issues of race, class and gender in the nationalist movement.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Ethanolic Intoxications between the 15th of March 2020 to the 15th of March 2021 in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihai Terpan ◽  
◽  
Anamaria Ciubara ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Acute Intoxication ◽  
Alcohol Disorders ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Harmful Use ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Microsoft Office

In Romania, the consumption of alcoholic beverages has been and still is a cultural mechanism for socializing and reducing anxiety, regardless of age and gender. This paper evaluates the trends related to people diagnosed with acute intoxication (F10.0) and harmful use (F10.1) at the 'Elisabeta Doamna' Psychiatriy Hospital in Galati, during the pandemic, in the period between the 15th of March 2020 and the 15th of March 2021. We analysed the data base of discharges from the 'Elisabeta Doamna' Psychiatry Hospital from the 15th of March 2020 to the 15th of March 2021. ICD-10 (Classification of mental and behavioural disorders) was used for diagnosis of psychiatric disorders. We selected outpatients with the codes for acute intoxication (F10.0) and harmful use (F10.1) and excluded all patients with other psychiatric diagnoses. The data were statistically processed using: Microsoft Office-Excel, The jamovi project (2021) jamovi (Version 1.6) [Computer Software]. During the analysed period, there were 7614 discharges from the 'Elisabeta Doamna' Psychiatriy Hospital of which 1465 (20.08%) disorders were related to alcohol consumption. Disorders related to intoxication and alcohol use represent 13.14% (957 cases) of the total discharges and 65.46% of the total number of disorders related to alcohol. Disorders related to harmful use (F10.1) represent 30.31% (442 cases), and a percentage of 35.15% (515 cases) with disorders due to acute intoxication (F10.0) out of the total cases were related to alcohol consumption. From the view of the dispersion of the number of cases, there is a fluctuation in the tendency to follow the restrictions imposed by the authorities.

scholarly journals A national alcohol strategy for Chile: Rationale, development, content and status of implementation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Giesbrecht ◽  
Jaime C. Spagg ◽  
Alfredo Pemjean ◽  
Judith Marquez ◽  
Akwatu Khenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Brief Interventions ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Drinking And Driving ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
High Risk Drinking

Giesbrecht, N., Sapag, J. C., Pemjean, A., Marquez, J., Khenti, A., Rehm, J., & Minoletti, A. (2013). A National Alcohol Strategy For Chile: Rationale, Development, Content and Status Of Implementation. International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research, 2(2), 17-29. doi: 10.7895/ijadr.v2i2.128 (http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v2i2.128)Aim: This paper describes the rationale for the Chilean strategy on alcohol, how it was developed, its key recommendations, which of its dimensions have been implemented, and remaining challenges.Design: The paper is based on archival data, a literature review, and survey data from Chilean sources. It draws on presentations at two seminars in Santiago, and a background document commissioned by the Chilean Ministry of Health. Building on ongoing initiatives in Chile, it was informed by international research on the global and regional burden of disease from alcohol.Setting and Context:In 2008 the Ministry of Health, Government of Chile, embarked on developing a national alcohol strategy. The strategy’s rationale was informed by the high rate of alcohol-related trauma, including drinking and driving; the high rate of liver cirrhosis mortality and morbidity; the high rate of heavy drinking, including among youth and young adults; and gender differences.Measures: The main recommendations focused on several themes: pricing and taxation interventions, controlling physical availability, curtailing alcohol marketing, promoting server intervention, controlling drinking and driving, promoting community-based interventions, facilitating screening and brief interventions, and monitoring and tracking local and national developments on alcohol issues.Findings & Conclusions: Since 2008, there has been progress in several areas, including a National Strategy for brief interventions in primary care; a new law on legal blood alcohol content; proposals to increase taxes on spirits, introduce warning labels on beverage containers, and limit promotion of alcoholic beverages; and the integration of alcohol-related goals within the National Health Strategy 2011–2020. Nevertheless, challenges remain: the broad acceptance of drinking, including high-risk drinking; the importance and influence of the alcohol industry; and the need for an evidence-based inter-sector response.

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