scholarly journals The genetic structure of the herd according to the GDF9, GH genes in Volgograd and Edilbaevsky sheep breeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
I.F. Gorlov ◽  
◽  
M.I. Slozhenkina ◽  
Y.A. Kolosov ◽  
N.V. Shirokova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Molecular Genetic Study ◽  
Differential Growth ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Selection Of

Aim. The study of the genetic structure of sheep of the Volgograd and Edilbaevsky breeds according to the GDF9, GH genes. Materials and Methods. The research was carried out in herds of sheep from leading breeding plants, on the basis of Don State Agrarian University and Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production. Biosamples of skin and cartilage tissue from the auricles were taken from sheep by plucking an area of 1 cm² for molecular genetic studies. Evaluation was performed by PCR-RFLP method. Endonucleases BstHH HaeIII were used to restrict the amplified regions of the GDF9 and GH genes. The presence and frequency of alleles and genotypes for the GDF9, GH genes were determined based on the results of a molecular genetic study. Results. The article is devoted to the study of the genetic structure of sheep of the Volgograd and Edilbaevsky breeds. One of the important resources for creating highly productive animals is the use of marker selection as an additional criterion for the selection and selection of breeding animals. The use of DNA markers for the selection of animals containing desirable alleles of genes of economically valuable traits is one of the new scientific approaches to solve this problem. The development of sheep breeding in our country will allow using the available natural and human resources in rural areas, as well as obtaining high-quality lamb through the use of resource-saving technologies. The aim of the work was to study the genetic structure of sheep of the Volgograd and Edilbaevsky breeds according to the GDF9, GH genes. To perform molecular genetic studies, samples of ear plucks (tissue from the auricle) with an area of 1 cm2 were taken from sheep. The assessment was carried out by PCR-PDRF. In all the studied groups of sheep, A and B allelic variants of the GDF9 gene, alleles A and B of the GH gene were established. The analysis of the data revealed a breed aspect in the distribution of the frequency of alleles and genotypes of the GDF9, GH genes in the populations under consideration. Conclusion. The results of the study of the genetic structure of the populations of sheep of the Volgograd and Edilbaevsky breeds showed that the frequency distribution of alleles and genotypes of the growth hormone (GH) and differential growth factor (GDF9) genes have some features associated with the breed affiliation of the studied sheep.

scholarly journals Widening the area of a Baikal endemic Leymus secalinus (Georgi) Tzvelev. (Poaceae) northward to the Aldan River basin (Yakutia) based on the molecular genetic study results

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 00006
Author(s):  
Natalia Badmaeva ◽  
Dolgor Tubanova ◽  
Evgenia Bukharova
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Genetic Study ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Nuclear Rdna ◽  
Molecular Genetic Study ◽  
Taxonomic Relationships ◽  
Study Results

The paper presents the results of studying the taxonomic relationships of Leymus secalinus (Georgi) Tzvelev. and L. littoralis (Griseb.) Peschkova in different geographical sites based on a comparison of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequences of nuclear rDNA and cpDNA matK. Molecular genetic research of these species allowed us to expand the area of L. secalinus to the Aldan River basin (Yakutia).

First report of Varroa genotype in western Asia based on genotype identification of Iranian Varroa destructor populations (Mesostigmata: Varroidae) using RAPD marker

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Hajializadeh ◽  
Mahdieh Asadi ◽  
Hamidreza Kavousi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Varroa Destructor ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Study ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
Genotype Identification ◽  
Southern Half

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used to the analysis of the haplotypes of Varroa destrcuctor in southern half of Iran. Eight Varroa populations were collected and five RAPD primers were used to determine their genotype. All samples showed the K pattern genotype. Furthermore 30 loci were amplified; from which 29 were polymorphic (96.67%) and 1 was monomorphic (3.33%). This is the first molecular genetic study of V. destructor in Iran. Detailed investigations at DNA sequence level are needed to characterize genetic structure of V. destructor populations in Iran.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of the Genetic Diversity of Local Steppe Cattle Breeds from Russia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan by Microsatellite Analysis of Museum and Modern Samples

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Alexandra S. Abdelmanova ◽  
Veronika R. Kharzinova ◽  
Valeria V. Volkova ◽  
Arsen V. Dotsev ◽  
Alexander A. Sermyagin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Microsatellite Analysis ◽  
Molecular Genetic Study ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Museum Samples ◽  
Consensus Genotypes ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Allele Pool

The comparative molecular genetic study of museum and modern representatives of cattle breeds can help to elucidate the origin and maintenance of historical genetic components in modern populations. We generated the consensus genotypes for 11 microsatellite loci for 24 museum samples of Kalmyk, Kyrgyz, and Kazakh cattle, dated from the first quarter of the 20th century, and compared them with those of modern Kalmyk, Kyrgyz, and Kazakh white-headed breeds. The level of genetic diversity of the modern Kalmyk and Kyrgyz cattle (uHe = 0.771–0.778) was similar to those observed in the museum samples (uHe = 0.772–0.776), while a visible decrease in genetic variability in the modern Kazakh white-headed breed compared to museum Kazakh cattle was detected (uHe = 0.726 and 0.767, respectively). The PCA plot, FST- and Jost’s D-based networks, and STRUCTURE clustering provided strong evidence of the maintenance of the historical genetic background in modern populations of Kalmyk and Kyrgyz cattle. In spite of the allele pool of Kazakh white-headed cattle having undergone great changes compared to the museum Kazakh cattle, several animals still carry the visible aspect of the historical genetic components. Our results can be used for the selection of individuals for the creation of gene banks and may significantly improve the efficiency of conservation programs aimed at preserving genetic diversity in the national genetic resources of cattle.

scholarly journals Spatial Development of Rural Territories in Russian Regions: Growth Areas or Desolation Zones?

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 4110-4122
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Russian Region ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Agricultural Industries ◽  
Targeted Approach ◽  
Selection Of

Now the Russian economy has an urgent need for the accelerated spatial development of agricultural industries and rural infrastructure. Solving tasks on agricultural management puts forward the problem of determining the reserves of the agricultural production growth in each Russian region as the most urgent one. In this regard, the authors have been aimed at forming a methodology for assessing the development of rural areas and at assessing the modern development of rural areas. The authors have substantiated the selection of the criteria the methodology is based on, and have also argued the results of applying it. The study has been based on the data calculated by using the official statistical information. The study has made it possible to identify growth areas and desolation zones in the development of rural territories in the Perm Territory. Based on this, the authors have offered the targeted approach to the development of these territories. The obtained results are the progressive method for analyzing the development of a rural territory, and can also be used as spatial development management instruments that allow assessing the efficiency of certain activities. The study results are valuable for the science and practice. They can be used when studying and monitoring agricultural industries, sustainable development of rural areas of regions, determining needs in the resources required for the implementation of sectoral and integrated projects and spatial development programs

scholarly journals Genomic biotechnology of assessment and selection of linseed breeding material

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
V. A. Lemesh ◽  
M. V. Bogdanova ◽  
E. L. Andronyk ◽  
I. A. Golub
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Breeding Material ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Selection Of

Aim. The aim of this study was to develop of genomic biotechnology for the assessment and selection of the linssed breeding material by a complex of genes controlling the ratio of fatty acids in seeds oil to the creation of a new linseed variety. Methods. Breeding studies were combined with molecular-genetic studies. Results. We developed the genomic biotechnology to detect the mutant alleles of linseed fad3A and fad3B genes responsible for reduced α-linolenic acid levels in linseed oil. Using this biotechnology, it was possible to classify plants as homozygous mutant, homozygous wild type, or heterozygous at fad3A and fad3B loci, that can be used to breed new linseed varieties of food or industrial quality. Conclusions. By results of 3-year molecular-genetic and breeding studies the variety "Dar" was created with using the developed genomic biotechnology of an assessment and selection of linseed breeding material by a complex of the genes controlling the ratio of fatty acids in seeds oil.Keywords: linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.), α-linolenic acid, fatty acid desaturase, fad3 genes.

scholarly journals An algorithmic model for constructing a linkage and linkage disequilibrium map in outcrossing plant populations

2009 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIAHAN LI ◽  
QIN LI ◽  
WEI HOU ◽  
KUN HAN ◽  
YAO LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Disequilibrium ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Simultaneous Estimation ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Genetic Structure Of Population ◽  
Structure Of Population ◽  
Algorithmic Model ◽  
Linkage Disequilibrium Map

SummaryA linkage–linkage disequilibrium map that describes the pattern and extent of linkage dis-equilibrium (LD) decay with genomic distance has now emerged as a viable tool to unravel the genetic structure of population differentiation and fine-map genes for complex traits. The prerequisite for constructing such a map is the simultaneous estimation of the linkage and LD between different loci. Here, we develop a computational algorithm for simultaneously estimating the recombination fraction and LD in a natural outcrossing population with multilocus marker data, which are often estimated separately in most molecular genetic studies. The algorithm is founded on a commonly used progeny test with open-pollinated offspring sampled from a natural population. The information about LD is reflected in the co-segregation of alleles at different loci among parents in the population. Open mating of parents will reveal the genetic linkage of alleles during meiosis. The algorithm was constructed within the polynomial-based mixture framework and implemented with the Expectation–Maximization (EM) algorithm. The by-product of the derivation of this algorithm is the estimation of outcrossing rate, a parameter useful to explore the genetic diversity of the population. We performed computer simulation to investigate the influences of different sampling strategies and different values of parameters on parameter estimation. By providing a number of testable hypotheses about population genetic parameters, this algorithmic model will open a broad gateway to understand the genetic structure and dynamics of an outcrossing population under natural selection.

Genetics of Pediatric Irritability

2019 ◽  
pp. 149-170
Author(s):  
Meridith L. Eastman ◽  
Ashlee A. Moore ◽  
Roxann Roberson-Nay
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Selection Of

This chapter provides an overview of behavioral and molecular genetics of pediatric irritability. Literature searches using PubMed and PsycInfo databases yielded 37 relevant animal and human studies on irritability. Studies of rodent and primate models initially suggested a genetic etiology for the trait and influenced selection of candidate genes for study in human studies. Behavioral genetic studies of irritability suggest that pediatric irritability is likely influenced by additive genetic and nonshared unique environmental factors, with little to no influence of dominant genetic or shared family environmental factors. Molecular genetic studies have been largely limited to candidate genes with a few emerging genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Results from the candidate gene literature on irritability are inconclusive, and GWAS in clinical populations has yielded limited findings. Future genetic studies of irritability would benefit from the use of appropriate phenotypic measures, adequate sample sizes, and multimethod and longitudinal approaches.

Clinical and molecular-genetics diagnosis of microdeletion Xp11.4

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-36
Author(s):  
М.Е. Миньженкова ◽  
Ж.Г. Маркова ◽  
Т.В. Маркова ◽  
Н.В. Шилова
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Chromosomal Microarray ◽  
Chromosomal Microarray Analysis ◽  
Cerebellar Hypoplasia ◽  
Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia ◽  
Molecular Genetic Study ◽  
Psychomotor Delay ◽  
Study Results

Представлены клинические и молекулярно-генетические результаты обследования девочки с задержкой психомоторного, речевого и физического развития, микроцефалией, гипоплазией моста и мозжечка. Хромосомный микроматричный анализ позволил выявить делецию Хр11.4, затрагивающую ген CASK, который ассоциирован с клиническими проявлениями MICPCH-синдрома (mental retardation and microcephaly with pontine and cerebellar hypoplasia). Сlinical and molecular-genetic study results of a girl with developemental and psychomotor delay, lack of speech development, microcephaly, and pontocerebellar hypoplasia are presented. Chromosomal microarray analysis revealed a deletion of Xp11.4 affecting the CASK gene that is associated with clinical manifestations of MICPCH-syndrome.

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