scholarly journals ВПЛИВ СИСТЕМ ЗЕМЛЕРОБСТВА НА ДИНАМІКУ ПОКАЗНИКІВ РОДЮЧОСТІ ҐРУНТУ АГРОФІТОЦЕНОЗУ БУРЯКІВ ЦУКРОВИХ

2014 ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
С. П. Танчик ◽  
С. М. Сальніков
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Biological Farming ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
By Products

Досліджено вплив систем землеробства на основніпоказники родючості ґрунту та урожайність буряківцукрових. Проведено статистично-математичнийаналіз отриманих даних і доведено високу кореляцій-ну залежність між ґрунтовою реакцією та вмістомзагального ґумусу протягом веґетації в агрофітоце-нозі буряків цукрових. Встановлено, що застосуванняекологічної й біологічної систем землеробства, заяких передбачено використання органічних добрив тапобічної продукції, позитивно впливає на реакціюґрунтового розчину, що сприяє підвищенню показни-ків родючості ґрунту. The effect of cropping systems on the main indicators of soil fertility and yield of sugar beet has been examined. The statistical and mathematical analysis of the obtained data, and showed a high correlation between soil reaction and the total content of humus, during the growing season in agrophitocenosises sugar beet. It is established that the application of environmental and biological farming systems in which envisaged the use of organic fertilizers and by-products, a positive effect on the reaction of the soil solution, thereby increasing soil fertility indicators.

Options to improve family income, labor input and soil organic matter balances by soil management and maize–livestock interactions. Exploration of farm-specific options for a region in Southwest Mexico

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Flores-Sánchez ◽  
Jeroen C.J. Groot ◽  
Egbert A. Lantinga ◽  
Martin J. Kropff ◽  
Walter A.H. Rossing
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Crop Nutrition ◽  
Trade Offs

AbstractFarming systems in the Costa Chica region in Mexico face limitations linked to low yields and soil fertility degradation. Several alternative maize-based cropping systems have been proposed to improve current limitations. These field-level options need to be evaluated at farm level in order to assess their feasibility, taking into account input requirements, contributions to self-sufficiency in food and long-term soil fertility, and the availability of labor. In this study, we defined four scenarios to explore consequences of changes in current farming systems for eight typical farms in the region; the first two scenarios comprised redressing current imbalances in crop nutrition and organic matter (OM) supply, respectively, and the last two scenarios explored high fertilizer input and animal husbandry. Farms responded in different ways to the various options depending on available land, current soil quality, current cropping systems and presence of livestock. Improvements in crop nutrition based on mineral fertilizers increased family income but only had substantial effects on soil OM (SOM) balances when fertilizer rates were double the amount currently subsidized. Addition of organic fertilizers resulted in positive effects on SOM balance, but with often strong trade-offs with family income due to costs of acquisition, transport and application. Animals played an important role in increasing SOM balances, but had relatively little effect on improving family income. The results demonstrated that improvements in family income and SOM balance at farm scale were feasible but that without more fundamental system changes trade-offs between short-term yield increases and longer-term soil fertility increases should be expected. The results highlight the need for policies that take into account farm-specific differences in crop and livestock intensification opportunities.

scholarly journals Barriers to Agro-Ecological Intensification of Smallholder Upland Farming Systems in Lao PDR

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Von Yi Yap ◽  
Phaeng Xaphokhame ◽  
Andreas de Neergaard ◽  
Thilde Bech Bruun
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Ecological Intensification ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Grazing Livestock

Intercropping of legumes can be a strategy to improve soil fertility and enhance overall productivity while reducing dependency on external inputs in intensified cropping systems. Integration of legumes in maize-based cropping systems is promoted as an agro-ecological intensification option for input-constrained smallholders in uplands of Southeast Asia, but adoption rates in the region remain low. The overall aim of this study was to assess the suitability and trade-offs of integrating ricebean in maize-based smallholder cropping systems in upland areas of Northern Laos. We conducted a researcher-managed field trial to investigate the agronomic performance of ricebean/maize intercropping, and farmer-managed trials combined with surveys (N = 97), and focus group discussions in 10 villages to understand factors influencing farmers’ decision making concerning ricebean adoption. Drought, rat infestation and crop damage by grazing livestock were identified as important constraints to the production of ricebeans. Factors facilitating adoption included improvement of soil fertility, the potentially high selling price of ricebeans and the presence of extension agents, while barriers included labour shortage, concerns about competition with maize and lack of a market outlet for the ricebean produce. We conclude that the investigated maize/ricebean intercropping system is poorly suited to the current conditions in the study area, and call for farm-based studies focusing on developing locally adapted legume intercropping systems able to perform under variable rainfall conditions. Initiatives addressing challenges related to free grazing livestock and efforts to link legume producers in remote areas to emerging markets are also needed.

scholarly journals Nutrient Uptake and Soil Fertility Status under Different Cropping Systems for Integrated Farming Systems of Telangana State, India

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ch. Pragathi Kumari ◽  
M. Goverdhan ◽  
G. Kiran Reddy ◽  
S. Sridevi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Fertility Status ◽  
Soil Fertility Status ◽  
Equivalent Yield

An Randamised Block Design (RBD) field investigation with ten crop sequences under irrigation with recommended package of practices in sandy loam soils of Southern Telangana Zone (STZ), Telangana was carried out during Kharif, Rabi and summer of 2018-2019 with an objective of the nutrient uptake and soil fertility status under different cropping systems and to assess agro economic benefit. These ten cropping systems were grouped in to five categories viz., pre dominant cropping systems of the zone, ecological cropping systems, household nutritional security giving cropping systems, fodder security giving cropping systems and cropping systems involving high value crops. So that from each category, best cropping system can be identified and can be suggested to different integrated farming systems models. In the context of farming systems, under high value crops such as Okra–Marigold–Beetroot system recorded significantly higher rice grain equivalent yield (36,434 kg ha-1) over other systems. Among the ecological cropping systems for improving soil health, Bt cotton + green gram (1:3) - groundnut cropping system was recorded significantly higher rice grain equivalent yield (14,080 kg ha-1) as  compared to pigeon pea + green gram (1:7) – sesame cropping system. Among the household nutritional security giving crops, pigeon pea + maize (1:3) – groundnut system was recorded higher rice grain equivalent yield (13,693 kg ha-1). Within the two fodder crops, fodder maize – lucerne system was resulted in higher rice grain equivalent yield (7,709 kg ha-1). Rice - maize and Bt cotton which were the pre-dominant cropping systems of the region wherein rice – maize system recorded comparatively higher rice grain equivalent yield (11,771 kg ha-1) than Bt cotton. Fodder systems were found to be more exhaustive than all other cropping systems. However, within two years of experimentation the changes in physic-chemical properties and soil fertility status were not significantly affected except organic carbon. Organic carbon was high (0.45 %) in case of pigeon pea + green gram (1:6) - sesame cropping system.

scholarly journals Integrated soil fertility and yield trend in response to long-term fertilisation under the Chinese double rice-cropping systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
Qingyin Shang ◽  
Xiuxia Yang ◽  
Hui Yan ◽  
Xiaohui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Double Rice ◽  
Rice Cropping Systems

Soil fertility is fundamental in determining crop productivity and sustainability in farming systems. A long-term fertiliser experiment in Chinese double rice-cropping systems initiated in 2011 was used in this study to gain an insight into a complete estimating of soil fertility. The six fertiliser treatments included mineral fertiliser (NP, NK, and NPK), combined NPK with farmyard manure (NPKM) or crop straw (NPKS), and no fertiliser application as a control. Results showed that grain yield averaged 5.5–13.0 t/ha/year, and significant increasing trends were observed in the phosphorus-applied plots (NP, NPK, NPKM, and NPKS), but the treatments without phosphorus applied (control and NK) resulted in declining trends in both early- and late-rice yields. After long-term rice cultivation, the contents of total and available phosphorus significantly declined in phosphorus-deficient plots compared to other treatments. Regression analysis showed that the improvement in grain yields was positively correlated with the increased soil fertility over treatments. Relative to the NPK treatment, the NPKM treatment greatly enhanced soil fertility from 0.50 to 0.78, and particularly dramatically increased the content of available soil phosphorus. Therefore, the high grain yield and soil fertility can be simultaneously achieved by long-term balanced fertiliser applications in Chinese double rice-cropping systems.  

The conceptual basis of integrated, environmentally friendly system for the protection of major crops from cyst nematodes

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 568-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Бабич ◽  
A. Babich ◽  
Бабич ◽  
A. Babich
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Cyst Nematodes ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Mass Reproduction ◽  
Perennial Legumes ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
By Products

Objective of research. To elaborate a framework for integrated protection of agricultural crops from oat, sugar beet, Golden potato, alfalfa and clover nematodes. Materials and methods. The effectiveness of different anti-nematode measures was studied in 1991-2016 in Vinnyza, Kiev, Sumy, Chernigov and other regions of Ukraine. As research material served samples of soil, plants; eggs, larvae, imago; beet, oat, Golden potato, alfalfa and clover cyst nematodes. Preparation of temporary and permanent slides, determination of the species composition of cyst nematodes were carried out by standard methods [3, 6]. Results and discussion. The framework of integrated protection of agricultural crops from oat, sugar beet, Golden potato, alfalfa and clover nematodes has been elaborated. To prevent mass reproduction of cyst-forming nematodes, the saturation of crop rotations with host plants must not exceed 40% — with cereal grains; 20% — beet and oilseed Brassica (canola, radish, and mustard); 15% — potatoes; 20% — perennial legumes. Involvement of crops and green manure in the by-products cycle has a positive effect on the level of soil fertility and activation of life activity of natural antagonists of Heteroderidae

Sequestration of carbon oxide in different fertilization systems in agrocenoses

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Demydenko ◽  
Yu. Zapasna ◽  
V. Velychko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Carbon Oxide ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Capacity Level ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Fertilization System ◽  
By Products

Aim. To substantiate the agroecological estimation of the performance of a short crop rotation in conditions of intense and organic system of fertilization on the basis of restoring normative parameters of emission and se- questration of С-СО 2 circulation while using by-products as organic fertilizers in conditions of modern climatic system of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, statistical, laboratory. Results of Investigations. The performance of short crop rotations is determined by the capacity of С-СО 2 balance. Strong inverse correla- tion was found between the capacity of N and the ratio between C and N in the agrocenosis, which demon- strated that enhancing the humifi cation processes (ratio constriction) led to the increase in the capacity of С org balance and the decrease in the capacity level of С-СО 2 balance (enhancing mineralization), related to the reduction in the performance of crops in the agrocenosis of a crop rotation compared to the organic system of fertilization. The capacity of С-СО 2 and С org balance correlates at the medium level of inverse direction, and the yield of the main products, feed units and digestible protein correlates at the level of strong direct correlation. Conclusions. General mineralization of by-products and humus in the agrocenosis and humifi cation processes are antagonists, so extending the ratio between С and N at the intense fertilization system stimulates the in- crease in performance and reducing С to N similar to the organic fertilization system enhances the humifi cation process due to binding of С org into humus and limits mineralization which leads to the reduction in agrocenosis performance at the organic fertilization system.

Удобрение огурца в Западной Сибири

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Т.А. Кuznetsova ◽  
N.А. Коlpakov
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Different Doses

Показано, что длительное применение как минеральных, так и органических удобрений в различных дозах и сочетаниях положительно влияет на урожайность огурца. Установлено, что в условиях 14-й ротации урожайность на всех вариантах опыта была выше, чем на контрольном варианте и составила 16,4–22,3 т/га, против 16,0 т/га в контроле.The authors show that the long-term use of both mineral and organic fertilizers in different doses and combinations has a positive effect on the yield of cucumber. It was found that under 14 rotation conditions the yield on all variants of the experiment was higher than on the control variant and amounted to 16.4–22.3 t/ha, against 16.0 t/ha on the control.

FERTILIZATION SYSTEM AS A WAY OF SOIL FERTILITY AND STABILIZATION OF FIELD CROP ROTATION PRODUCTIVENESS

1970 ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
V. T. Sinegovskaya ◽  
E. T. Naumchenko
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Rotation System ◽  
Mobile Phosphorus ◽  
Crop Rotation System ◽  
Fertilizer System

The article presents the results of comparative evaluation of the efficiency of the long-term application of mineral and organic fertilizers in the crop rotation system. It was found that the application of the mineral fertilizer system increased the value of hydrolytic acidity of the soil from 4,30 to 5,29 mg-eq per 100 g of soil, the indicator of metabolic acidity decreased from 5,2 to 4,9 pH units. By the end of the 11th rotation for both fertilizer systems, the content of mobile phosphorus increased by more than 4 times relative to the initial value, its mobility indicator – by 2,2-3,2 times compared with the control. The use of the organo-mineral system was accompanied by an increase in the content of humus by 0,35 % and a decrease in the C:N ratio from 11,2 to 8,9. The increased productivity of wheat was revealed when applying nitrogen and nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers against the background of prolonged use of the mineral and organo-mineral fertilizer system. The change in wheat productivity by 56 % depended on the content of mineral nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, humus in the topsoil, and on the phosphate ion mobility. Soybean productivity depended on soil fertility indicators only by 24 %: the relationship between soybean productivity and the mineral forms of nitrogen and phosphorus is weak and direct, between productivity and P2O5 mobility - weak and inverse, with humus - moderate and direct.

scholarly journals Camelina, an ancient oilseed crop actively contributing to the rural renaissance in Europe. A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Zanetti ◽  
Barbara Alberghini ◽  
Ana Marjanović Jeromela ◽  
Nada Grahovac ◽  
Dragana Rajković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
European Farming ◽  
European Agriculture

AbstractPromoting crop diversification in European agriculture is a key pillar of the agroecological transition. Diversifying crops generally enhances crop productivity, quality, soil health and fertility, and resilience to pests and diseases and reduces environmental stresses. Moreover, crop diversification provides an alternative means of enhancing farmers’ income. Camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) reemerged in the background of European agriculture approximately three decades ago, when the first studies on this ancient native oilseed species were published. Since then, a considerable number of studies on this species has been carried out in Europe. The main interest in camelina is related to its (1) broad environmental adaptability, (2) low-input requirements, (3) resistance to multiple pests and diseases, and (4) multiple uses in food, feed, and biobased applications. The present article is a comprehensive and critical review of research carried out in Europe (compared with the rest of the world) on camelina in the last three decades, including genetics and breeding, agronomy and cropping systems, and end-uses, with the aim of making camelina an attractive new candidate crop for European farming systems. Furthermore, a critical evaluation of what is still missing to scale camelina up from a promising oilseed to a commonly cultivated crop in Europe is also provided (1) to motivate scientists to promote their studies and (2) to show farmers and end-users the real potential of this interesting species.

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