scholarly journals In-work poverty, precarious work and indebtedness. The steady state European equilibrium?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
marco marucci ◽  
Massimo De Minicis
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Employment Protection ◽  
Citizenship Rights ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Europe 2020 ◽  
Europe 2020 Strategy

Since the establishment of a European strategy to create more and better jobs at the end of ’90s Member States faced many efforts pursuing the target of high percentage of employed persons, target renewed with Europe 2020 strategy. In the same years many citizenship rights, universally recognized, started to be conditioned to the employment status: the “welfarism” was rapidly substituted with “workfare”, with the twin aims of encouraging activation of labour force and - less claimed – of cutting public expenses, especially in social services. In this paper we analyse trends and relations of certain dimension of employment to better understand the sustainability of this approach. The “new” employment is more and more characterized by undermining factors: insecurity, precariousness, poverty. States pursuing active labour market policies, under a Flexicurity approach, besides a good labour market performance, are still facing with poverty and job insecurity of many workers. This is accompanied by growth of household indebtedness, the other dangerous drawback of welfare “commodification” processes. Beyond enforce Employment Protection Legislations, Basic income or Minimum wages, we should change the targets of European strategy with more social or qualitative components (e.g. quality of employment) and get over the Flexicurity approach

scholarly journals The 500+ Family Program and the objective of the Europe 2020 labour market area

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
Barbara Kryk
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Market Area ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
Europe 2020 ◽  
Europe 2020 Strategy ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

There is huge controversy around the issue of the impact of the 500+ benefit program on the labour market in Poland, especially on the professional activity of women. The effects in this area are not only relevant for the country but also for the European Union as a whole, as they determine the achievement of the employment goal of the Europe 2020 strategy. It was, therefore, decided to examine this issue more closely. The main goal of the article is to investigate how the 500+ benefit affects the supply of female labour force and the achievement of the employment target of the Europe 2020 strategy. The specific objectives: (1) what were the goals of the Polish government in the area of the labour market at the beginning of the implementation of the EU strategy, and what goals are currently in the Strategy for Responsible Development (SOR)? (2) what were the dynamics of female labour supply compared to the changes in the labour market ? (3) what is the significance of the 500+ program for the trends in the labour market ? (4) what loss (if any) for the economy resulted from the reduction of women’s employment generated? The subject of the study is women’s labour supply/employment, and the subject of research is the Polish economy. To achieve the study goals, the desk research method, time series and indicator analysis, and GDP gaps were used. The research period is 2010-2019, with particular emphasis on the period after the introduction of the benefit in 2016. The research conducted shows that adverse changes in the labour force supply of women caused by the 500+ benefits, were offset by the return to the labour market of previously unemployed or inactive people. Thus, the strategic goal related to employment was achieved.

scholarly journals Demographics, Migration and Brain Drain in The Danube Region

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-483
Author(s):  
Mirko Savić ◽  
Stojanka Dakić
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Danube Region ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
Market Variables

AbstractIn the last two decades we have been witnessing the decrease of population in many countries of the Danube Region. All demographic indicators are unfavourable. Current demographic situation and labour market in the countries of the Danube Region is presented. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effects of demographic decline in the countries of the Danube Region on the key labour market variables and to model their behaviour. Also, the purpose of this paper is to analyse and discuss the possible consequences of demographic decline and the roles of migration and brain drain in the region. The main conclusion is that drop in the population growth is compensated with migration flows and prolongation of working life when it comes to the active labour force in the Danube Region, although population is still a main source of working force.

scholarly journals Can the implementation of the Europe 2020 Strategy goals be efficient? The challenge for achieving social equality in the European Union

Equilibrium ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Stanickova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Social Equality ◽  
Europe 2020 ◽  
Europe 2020 Strategy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Research background: Economic crisis hit all the European Union Member States hard, with the impact of crisis varying considerably. The low growth performance in the EU has increased concerns regarding an increasing wage dispersion, income inequality at large, and social exclusion in line with poverty. Inequality should be seen as a cornerstone of both sustainable and inclusive growth under the Europe 2020 Strategy. Social inequality in the EU is a real problem, which hampers sustainable economic growth. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this study is to introduce evaluation of social development convergence and divergence trends between the EU Member States in the context of the Europe 2020 Strategy. The study gives an outline of the issues of the labour market and income disparities and poverty. Policymakers must be clear about what social objectives they are aiming to achieve, therefore special attention is paid to headline national goals of the Europe 2020 Strategy. Methods: The main task of this study is to assess social dimension and inequalities problems in the EU27 by applying Data Envelopment Analysis method, resp. time-series dynamic efficiency analysis in the form of output-oriented Malmquist Productivity Index. This study contains changes of key social equality indicators related to the Europe 2020 Strategy and compares objectives and general outlines of period 2010-2015, as well as the impact on national economics and living conditions. Findings & value added: Results contain elements of typology premises of the EU28 and point to a large diversity in inequality patterns, as the Author observes both increases and decreases in inequality at the EU level. Recent changes in social inequality have been associated with the business cycle, particularly with the accessibility of the labour market and, of course, with income inequality. Additionally, the development challenges are discussed for improvement of the socioeconomic well-being of the EU and to avoid social disparities.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF MODERN INTERACTION BETWEEN SUBJECTS OF THE MARITIME SEGMENT OF THE LABOUR MARKET

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2(79)) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
O.K. AFANASIEVA ◽  
A.O. HUK
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
State Level ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Maritime Industry ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Positive Effect

Topicality. Nowadays, crewing business in Ukraine is at the stage of formation and development, so its study is a rather new topic for modern Ukrainian science. The study of the problem of considering the crewing business from the point of view of rising the quality of the labour force in the seafarers' labour market, highlights the features of modern interaction between the subjects of the maritime segment of the labour market in terms of the effectiveness of work with marine personnel, helps to orient work in the maritime industry at the state level in the direction of risk reduction and maximum elimination of threats of the present for a modern shipping company, it is necessary to ensure the safety of seafarers in the legal and operational field, which is the basis of this scientific article. Aim and tasks. The aim and tasks of the study are to determine the features of modern interaction between the subjects of the maritime segment of the labour market: the shipowner, the crewing company and the seafarer to design further ways to develop crewing activities. Research results. The article considers the features of the interaction between the subjects of the maritime segment of the labour market: the shipowner, the crewing company and the sailor in the modern dimension of the development of crewing activities. The commercial relationship between the interests of the customer and the intermediary in the selection of a successful skilled employee is analysed. Threats to the development of the modern maritime industry, affecting the labour market of seafarers, have been identified. The ways of further state regulation of the activities of crewing companies in Ukraine on the employment of seafarers and ensuring their protection in any port of the world are covered. Conclusion. The value of the work is determined by the small number of publications on this topic. In Ukraine the opportunity to ensure the protection of seafarers is conditioned by a new state policy, it provides for the introduction of new laws and regulations in the maritime industry, they are aimed at supporting seafarers working on ships on international voyages. The adoption of positive state decisions in the shortest possible time is a way to strengthen international cooperation in ensuring the observance of the labour and social seafarers� rights, their guarantees, ultimately, it will have a positive effect on the development of crewing activities in our country.

scholarly journals National Vocational Qualifications in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry of Slovenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Marija Rok
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Student Work ◽  
Current State ◽  
Vocational Qualifications ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality Industry ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality

Hardly anybody would agree that the labour market satisfactorily meets the needs of the tourism and hospitality industry (THI). The THI worldwide faces the shortage of skilled labour force and the Slovenian THI is no exception. The problem persists in spite of various recruitment measures of employers, e.g. engaging migrant workforce, student work, black market, etc. The first aim of the paper was to explore the workforce needs of the THI with an emphasis on its unmet demands. The desk research revealed the mismatch between the supply and demand of the workforce on lower levels. Since the system of the National vocational qualifications (NVQ) is presumed beneficial for deficiencies of the labour market the second aim of the article was to explore the current state of the NVQ system in Slovenia and the selection of the existing NVQs in the THI in order to find out whether the number and structure of awarded NVQ certificates improved structural imbalances on the TH labour market. The author came to the conclusion that all forms of lifelong learning might contribute to improve the qualification structure of the labour force in the country provided that the employers overcome their distrust of the credibility and quality of the NVQs.

scholarly journals How does a targeted active labour market program impact on the well-being of the unemployed? A Concept Mapping study on Barcelona “Employment in the Neighbourhoods”

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Puig-Barrachina ◽  
Davide Malmusi ◽  
Lucía Artazcoz ◽  
Xavier Bartoll ◽  
Eva Clotet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Concept Mapping ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Labour Market Situation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Active Labour

Abstract Background: The “Employment in the neighbourhoods” program is an innovative, tailor-made Active Labour Market Program that has been implemented in 12 neighbourhoods in Barcelona (Spain). Its goal is to get people from deprived, high-unemployment neighbourhoods back to work. The aim of this study was to describe the effects of the program on participants’ quality of life, and identify the mechanisms underlying these effects, according to their own perception and the perception of technical staff who assisted them. Methods: We used Concept Mapping, a mixed methods approach combining qualitative and quantitative analysis, to develop a conceptual map of the participants’ and technical staffs’ perceptions about changes in the participants’ quality of life. Data collection occurred within the generation and structuring steps where participants brainstormed answers to a focus question, and then rated and sorted the responses. To create maps, we used Concept Systems Incorporated software, which conducted two main forms of analysis, a multidimensional scaling analysis, and a hierarchical cluster analysis. Results: Study participants reported several positive effects on mental health and emotional wellbeing, including self-esteem and empowerment, and considered that this was achieved through strengthened social networks, skills acquisition, emotional coaching, and personalized technical assistance. They also described some negative impacts, mainly related to the labour market situation. We observed marked gender differences in the discourses of program participants. Conclusions: The results obtained have allowed us to identify different perceived effects and mechanisms by which the “Employment in the Neighbourhoods” Active Labour Market Programme can influence quality of life of participants from the most deprived areas of Barcelona. Keywords Active labour market programs, unemployment, Barcelona City (Spain), deprived neighbourhoods, gender, quality of life, concept mapping.

scholarly journals How does a targeted active labour market program impact on the well-being of the unemployed? A Concept Mapping study on Barcelona “Employment in the Neighbourhoods”

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Puig-Barrachina ◽  
Davide Malmusi ◽  
Lucía Artazcoz ◽  
Xavier Bartoll ◽  
Eva Clotet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Concept Mapping ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Labour Market Situation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Active Labour

Abstract Background: The “Employment in the neighbourhoods” program is an innovative, tailor-made Active Labour Market Program that has been implemented in 12 neighbourhoods in Barcelona (Spain). Its goal is to get people from deprived, high-unemployment neighbourhoods back to work. The aim of this study was to describe the effects of the program on participants’ quality of life, and identify the mechanisms underlying these effects, according to their own perception and the perception of technical staff who assisted them. Methods: We used Concept Mapping, a mixed methods approach combining qualitative and quantitative analysis, to develop a conceptual map of the participants’ and technical staffs’ perceptions about changes in the participants’ quality of life. Data were collected during the generation and structuring steps, where participants brainstormed answers to a focus question, and then rate and sort the responses. To create maps, we used Concept Systems Incorporated software, which conducted two main forms of analysis, a multidimensional scaling analysis, and a hierarchical cluster analysis. Results: Study participants reported several positive effects on mental health and emotional wellbeing, including self-esteem and empowerment, and considered that this was achieved through strengthened social networks, skills acquisition, emotional coaching, and personalized technical assistance. They also described some negative impacts, mainly related to the labour market situation. We observed marked gender differences in the discourses of program participants.Conclusions: The results obtained have allowed us to identify different perceived effects and mechanisms by which the “Employment in the Neighbourhoods” Active Labour Market Programme can influence quality of life of participants from the most deprived areas of Barcelona.

scholarly journals A Capability Approach to Understand the Scarring Effects of Unemployment and Job Insecurity: Developing the Research Agenda

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 937-948
Author(s):  
Valerie Egdell ◽  
Vanessa Beck
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Capability Approach ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Employment Trajectories ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Labour Market Transitions ◽  
Scarring Effects

Having a poor start in the labour market has a ‘scarring’ effect on future employment and well-being. Indeed, unemployment at any point of the life-course can scar. While there is extensive quantitative research examining scarring effects at the macro- and meso-levels, evidence regarding scarring from the micro-level that provides insights into individual perceptions, values, attitudes and capabilities, and how they shape employment trajectories is lacking. A qualitative approach which avoids the imposition of values and choices onto individuals’ employment trajectories, and accounts more fully for the contextual constraints which shape available options and choices, is argued for. In emphasising people’s substantive freedom of choice, which may be enabled or constrained by contextual conditions, the Capability Approach is proposed as providing a valuable lens to examine complex and insecure labour market transitions. Such an approach stands in contrast to the supply-side focused active labour market policies characteristic of neo-liberal welfare states.

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