scholarly journals „Der Club bringt mich noch ins Grab“ – oder doch nicht?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Rau ◽  
Marcus Ebeling ◽  
Bernhard Köppen
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Emotional Stress ◽  
Soccer Match ◽  
The Past ◽  
Death Experience ◽  
The City ◽  
Related Mortality ◽  
Rule Out ◽  
Near Death Experience

Sudden emotional stress can lead to cardiovascular diseases and, potentially, to death. Some studies argued that even watching a stressful soccer match could be such a trigger for mortality. The results from the literature are ambiguous, though. Our analysis focuses on the second leg of the relegation matches between Nuremberg and Ingolstadt in July 2020. 1. FC Nuremberg, which has a reputation of losing in the very last second, won in the last minute of overtime. The stress of watching the match was supposedly so intense for supporters of 1. FC Nuremberg that a well-known journalist wrote a book "Fußball als Nahtoderfahrung" (soccer as a near death experience).Two days after the match the number of male deaths in Nuremberg was, indeed, extremely high: The number of deaths was only once higher on comparable days during the past 20 years. But the city of Nuremberg also experienced a large increase in temperature in the preceding days which may have caused some heat-related mortality. Thus, we can only speculate that the stress of the soccer match may have been instrumental for the relatively large number of deaths but we can not rule out other factors (e.g. temperature) either.Despite the lack of unambiguous results we are convinced that our results are worth reporting to counteract the well-known publication bias in favor of significant results.

scholarly journals To What Extent Does Greater Diversity of the Diet Prevent Cardiovascular Diseases and Related Mortality? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1065-1065
Author(s):  
Hadis Mozaffari ◽  
Zeinab Hosseini ◽  
Jacynthe Lafrenière ◽  
Annalijn Conklin
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
European Populations ◽  
Related Mortality ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Abstract Objectives Dietary diversity is linked to factors associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as improved dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. However, the role of dietary diversity in the risk of CVDs has remained controversial. This meta-analysis assessed whether greater diversity across the diet and within food groups can protect against CVDs and related mortality. Methods A systematic search was done using bibliographic databases of PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science for longitudinal studies published between 2008–2020 from developed countries. Random-effects models pooled risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI); the Cochrane Q test and subgroup analysis assessed heterogeneity and its potential sources. Sensitivity analysis checked for robustness of findings and Egger test assessed publication bias. Results From the 6713 results, 4,950 titles and abstracts were screened for eligibility to provide, respectively, 8 included CVD studies (437,244 participants and 18,820 cases) and 7 included CVD-mortality studies (160,877 participants and 5,631 cases). All studies were assessed as high or moderate quality. There was a small inverse but non-significant association between total dietary diversity and CVDs (RR: 0.93 [95% CI: 0.86, 1.00], I² = 31.7%), which was driven by the effect in non-European populations and the diversity measured by food groups not foods. Moreover, total dietary diversity was inversely but non-significantly associated with mortality from CVDs (RR: 0.83 [95% CI: 0.70, 1.00], I² = 46.1%). This relationship was significant when studies used >3 categories of exposure, FFQ assessment tool, were conducted on non-Europeans, had ≥10,000 participants, and adjusted for energy intake. These subgroup characteristics were sources of heterogeneity. Studies reporting diversity within food groups could only be pooled for the association between vegetables diversity and CVD mortality, which was null. We found no evidence of publication bias or a single study driving the observed associations. Conclusions Findings indicated greater total dietary diversity may benefit CVDs and related mortality in non-European populations. More research is needed regarding within-group diversity. Funding Sources None.

scholarly journals Evidence for greater oxygen decline rates in the coastal ocean than in the open ocean

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2283-2296 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Gilbert ◽  
N. N. Rabalais ◽  
R. J. Díaz ◽  
J. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Coastal Ocean ◽  
Open Ocean ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
The Past ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rule Out

Abstract. In the global ocean, the number of reported hypoxic sites (oxygen <30% saturation) is on the rise both near the coast and in the open ocean. But unfortunately, most of the papers on hypoxia only present oxygen data from one or two years, so that we often lack a long-term perspective on whether oxygen levels at these locations are decreasing, steady or increasing. Consequently, we cannot rule out the possibility that many of the newly reported hypoxic areas were hypoxic in the past, and that the increasing number of hypoxic areas partly reflects increased research and monitoring efforts. Here we address this shortcoming by computing oxygen concentration trends in the global ocean from published time series and from time series that we calculated using a global oxygen database. Our calculations reveal that median oxygen decline rates are more severe in a 30 km band near the coast than in the open ocean (>100 km from the coast). Percentages of oxygen time series with negative oxygen trends are also greater in the coastal ocean than in the open ocean. Finally, a significant difference between median published oxygen trends and median trends calculated from raw oxygen data suggests the existence of a publication bias in favor of negative trends in the open ocean.

Portuguese Sardines - from the ritual to the brand

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Cecília Avelino Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Place Branding ◽  
Symbolic Capital ◽  
City Council ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
City Branding ◽  
The Past ◽  
Behavioral Expression ◽  
The City ◽  
City Identity

Place branding is a network of associations in the consumer’s mind, based on the visual, verbal, and behavioral expression of a place. Food can be an important tool to summarize it as it is part of the culture of a city and its symbolic capital. Food is imaginary, a ritual and a social construction. This paper aims to explore a ritual that has turned into one of the brands of Lisbon in the past few years. The fresh sardines barbecued out of doors, during Saint Anthony’s festival, has become a symbol that can be found on t-shirts, magnets and all kinds of souvenirs. Over the year, tourists can buy sardine shaped objects in very cheap stores to luxurious shops. There is even a whole boutique dedicated to the fish: “The Fantastic World of Portuguese Sardines” and an annual competition promoted by the city council to choose the five most emblematic designs of sardines. In order to analyze the Sardine phenomenon from a city branding point of view, the objective of this paper is to comprehend what associations are made by foreigners when they are outside of Lisbon. As a methodological procedure five design sardines, were used of last year to questioning to which city they relate them in interviews carried in Madrid, Lyon, Rome and London. Upon completion of the analysis, the results of the city branding strategy adopted by the city council to promote the sardines as the official symbol of Lisbon is seen as a Folkmarketing action. The effects are positive, but still quite local. On the other hand, significant participation of the Lisbon´s dwellers in the Sardine Contest was observed, which seems to be a good way to promote the city identity and pride in their best ambassador: the citizens.

Sky Ops Surprise

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-34
Author(s):  
Shawna Malvini Redden
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Focus Attention ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Commercial Aviation ◽  
Critical Commentary ◽  
Death Experience ◽  
Near Death Experience

Invoking the styling of classic spy stories, this essay provides an account of a commercial aviation emergency landing that blew the agent/author's “cover” as a full participant ethnographer. Using an experimental autoethnographic format, the piece offers an evocative portrayal of a perceived near-death experience and its aftermath, as well as critical commentary on writing autoethnography with a fictionalized framing. In the closing “debrief,” the author sheds her agent persona to describe the process of writing about traumatic events and to analyze how those events focus attention on methodological and ethical considerations for qualitative research.

Исследование психологических особенностей восприятия города Бишкек городскими и сельскими студентами

2019 ◽  
pp. 98-100
Author(s):  
Д. М. Кудайбердиева
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Space Perception ◽  
Language Barrier ◽  
Rural Students ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
The Past ◽  
Spatial Environment ◽  
The City

Аннотация. В данной статье рассматривается проблема восприятия городской среды студентами из города и сельской местности. Обозначены определения терминов «среда», «пространственная среда», «городская среда». Проведено экспериментальное сравнительное исследование особенностей восприятия города Бишкек городскими и сельскими студентами в количестве 50 человек. Статья содержит результаты проведенного анализа исследования. Выявлены различия и сходства в восприятии города Бишкек у студентов двух групп. В контексте восприятия города изучена неудовлетворенность прошлым и настоящим временем, трудности языкового барьера у студентов из сельской местности. Также было выявлено, что актуальной для студентов обеих групп является потребность в социальных контактах, общении, включенности в социум. Полученные результаты будут иметь пользу в проведении воспитательной работы со студентами из сельской местности, в оказании поддержки им в период адаптации с учетом особенностей восприятия города студентами. Ключевые слова. среда, городская среда, восприятие пространства, городские студенты, сельские студенты, восприятие города Бишкек, неудовлетворенность прошлым и настоящим, языковой барьер, учеба в городе, сходства и различия в восприятии города. Аннотация. Бул макалада шаардык жана айылдан келген студенттердин шаардык чөйрөнү кабыл алуу көйгөйү каралган. «Чөйрө», «мейкиндик чөйрө», «шаардык чөйрө» терминдеринин түшүнүктөрү келтирилген. 50 адамдан турган шаардык жана айылдык студенттердин Бишкек шаарын кабыл алуу өзгөчөлүктөрүнө эксперименталдык салыштырма изилдөө жүргүзүлгөн. Макалада изилдөөнүн анализ жыйынтыктары камтылган. Эки студенттик топторунун Бишкек шаарын кабыл алуусунун айырмачылыктары жана окшоштуктары белгиленген. Шаарды кабыл алуу контекстинде өткөн жана учур чактарга канагаттанбоо, тил барьеринин кыйынчылыктары изилденди. Ошондой эле студенттердин эки тобуна актуалдуу болуп социалдык катнаштарга, баарлашууга, коомго кошулуу муктаждыгы белгиленүүдө. Алынган жыйынтыктар студенттердин шаарды кабыл алуу өзгөчөлүктөрүнө эске алып, айылдан келген студенттерге адаптация убагында колдоо көрсөтүү максатында тарбиялык иштерди жүргүзүүдө жардам берет. Түйүндүү сөздөр. Чөйрө, шаардык чөйрө, мейкиндикти кабыл алуу, шаардык студенттер, айылдык студенттер, Бишкек шаарын кабыл алуу, өткөн жана учур чакка канагаттанбоо, тил барьери, шаарда окуу, шаарды кабыл алуусунун айырмачылыктары жана окшоштуктары. Annotation. This article addresses the problem of perception of the urban environment by students from the city and countryside. The definitions of the terms “environment”, “spatial environment”, and “urban environment” are indicated. An experimental comparative study of the characteristics of the perception of the city of Bishkek by urban and rural students in the amount of 50 people was conducted. The article contains the results of the analysis of the study. The differences and similarities in the perception of the city of Bishkek among students of the two groups are revealed. In the context of the perception of the city, dissatisfaction with the past and the present has been studied, and the difficulties of the language barrier among students from rural areas. It was also revealed that the need for social contacts, communication, inclusion in society is relevant for students of both groups. The results will have the benefit of conducting educational work with students from rural areas, in providing support to them during the adaptation period, taking into account the peculiarities of the perception of the city by students. Кeywords. Environment, urban environment, space perception, urban students, rural students, perception of the city of Bishkek, dissatisfaction with the past and the present, language barrier, studying in the city, similarities and differences in the perception of the city.

Problems of Analysis of Design and Research Methods of Interaction with the Urban Environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
П. В. Капустин ◽  
А. И. Гаврилов
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
The Past ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Historical Dynamics ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The City ◽  
Research And Design

Состояние проблемы. Проблематика городской среды заявила о себе в 1960-е годы как протест против модернистских методов урбанизма и других видов проектирования. Средовое движение не случайно тогда именовали «антипрофессиональным» - оно было направлено против устоявшихся и недейственных методов работы с городом - от исследования до управления. За прошедшие десятилетия в рамках самого средового движения и его идейных наследников наработано немало методов и приемов работы, однако они до сих не подвергались анализу как пребывающая в исторической динамике целостная совокупность инструментария, альтернативного традиционному градостроительству. Результаты. Рассмотрены особенности и проблемы анализа методологического «арсенала» средового движения и урбанистики. Методы работы с городской средой впервые структурированы по типам знания. Показана близость методов исследовательского и проектного подходов в отношении городской среды. Выводы. В ближайшее время можно ожидать появления новых синтетических знаний и частных методологий, связанных как с обострением средовой проблематики, с расширением круга средовых акторов, так и с процессом профессионализации урбанистики. Statement of the problem. The urban environment paradigm emerged in the 1960s as a protest against the modernist methods of urbanism and other types of design. It was no coincidence that the environmental movement was back then called "anti-professional" as it was directed against the established and ineffective methods of working with the city, i. e., from research to management. Over the past decades, within the framework of the environmental movement and its ideological heirs, a lot of methods and have been developed. However, they have not yet been analyzed as an integral set of tools in the historical dynamics which is an alternative to traditional urban planning. Results. The features and problems of the analysis of the methodological “arsenal” of environmental movement and urban studies are considered. The methods of working with the urban environment are first structured according to the types of knowledge. The proximity of research and design approaches in the case when the urban environment is dealt with is shown. Conclusions. In the nearest future, we can expect new synthetic knowledge and particular methodologies related to both the exacerbation of environmental problems to emerge as well as the expansion of the circle of environmental actors and the process of professionalization of urbanstics.

THE SUBURBANISATION OF THE KUALA LUMPUR METROPOLITAN REGION

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamalunlaili Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Urban Fabric ◽  
The Past ◽  
Klang Valley ◽  
The City

The Klang Valley has been experiencing rapid urbanisation especially during the past two decades. The area has expanded to become a larger entity known as the Kuala Lumpur Metropolitan Region (KLMR). But this development comes at the expense of Kuala Lumpur. The city had consistently recorded net-out migration during the period. This development has consequences on the urban fabric of the city and can lead to the problem

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