scholarly journals EFFECTS OF DISORGANIZED URBANIZATION ON ENVIRONMENT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Duc Thanh ◽  
Nguyen Thi Phuong Thao ◽  
Ngô Mỹ Tâm ◽  
Luu Thi Truc Quyen ◽  
Nguyen Thu Thao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
Big Cities ◽  
National Boundaries

Big cities have always been likened to "global leaders" and always have innovative policies that are increasingly transcending national boundaries and shaping domestic trends. and international. More than half of the world's population now lives in urban areas; and by 2050, this number could increase to more than six billion people[1]. From there, we can see that the process of urbanization is taking place more and more rapidly, and then leading to disorganized urbanization.

FACTORS AFFECTING URBAN AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE, VIET NAM

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-233
Author(s):  
Vu Bach Diep ◽  
Dinh Hong Linh ◽  
Bui Thi Minh Hang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Infrastructure Policy ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
Agriculture Development

The process of urbanization is taking place fast and vigorously in large urban and peri-urban areas in Vietnam. According to national forecasts, the rate of urbanization nationwide will reach 39.3% by 2020 and 50-55% by 2035. Thai Nguyen is a province in the midland and mountainous region. The province is located at the northern gateway and bordered with Hanoi capital. In recent years, the agricultural land area of Thai Nguyen province has narrowed due to the urban-industrial development. Urban agriculture development is an inevitable direction, creating safe and high quality food products, protecting the ecological environment, and increasing people's income. Thai Nguyen is one of the provinces promoting sustainable urban agricultural development. Secondary and primary data sources are analyzed and synthesized by descriptive statistical methods. The article will analyze five groups of factors affecting urban agricultural development in Thai Nguyen province in the period 2015-2018, including Socio-economic; Natural conditions and infrastructure; Policy factors; Planning factors; Links and integration.

scholarly journals A replication of a cross-national study of the relationship between elderly suicide rates and urbanization

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajit Shah
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
National Study ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Economic Process ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
Elderly Suicide ◽  
Cross National Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cross National

Modernization is a social and economic process consisting of three interrelated processes of industrialization, urbanization and secularization. The process of industrialization may provide greater economic opportunities in urban areas and facilitate migration of people from rural to urban areas. This process of urbanization may lead to a weakening of ties with family, friends, local religious institutions and original place of residence. Difficulties in adjusting to the new urban environment may increase the risk of suicide and see a rise in suicide rates (Stack, 2000).

scholarly journals Changes in regional meteorology induced by anthropogenic heat and their impacts on air quality in South China

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 15011-15031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Xie ◽  
Kuanguang Zhu ◽  
Tijian Wang ◽  
Wen Feng ◽  
Da Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
South China ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Vertical Movement ◽  
Anthropogenic Heat ◽  
Big Cities ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Anthropogenic heat (AH) emissions from human activities can change the urban circulation and thereby affect the air pollution in and around cities. Based on statistic data, the spatial distribution of AH flux in South China is estimated. With the aid of the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF/Chem), in which the AH parameterization is developed to incorporate the gridded AH emissions with temporal variation, simulations for January and July in 2014 are performed over South China. By analyzing the differences between the simulations with and without adding AH, the impact of AH on regional meteorology and air quality is quantified. The results show that the regional annual mean AH fluxes over South China are only 0.87 W m−2, but the values for the urban areas of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region can be close to 60 W m−2. These AH emissions can significantly change the urban heat island and urban-breeze circulations in big cities. In the PRD city cluster, 2 m air temperature rises by 1.1° in January and over 0.5° in July, the planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) increases by 120 m in January and 90 m in July, 10 m wind speed is intensified to over 0.35 m s−1 in January and 0.3 m s−1 in July, and accumulative precipitation is enhanced by 20–40 % in July. These changes in meteorological conditions can significantly impact the spatial and vertical distributions of air pollutants. Due to the increases in PBLH, surface wind speed and upward vertical movement, the concentrations of primary air pollutants decrease near the surface and increase in the upper levels. But the vertical changes in O3 concentrations show the different patterns in different seasons. The surface O3 concentrations in big cities increase with maximum values of over 2.5 ppb in January, while O3 is reduced at the lower layers and increases at the upper layers above some megacities in July. This phenomenon can be attributed to the fact that chemical effects can play a significant role in O3 changes over South China in winter, while the vertical movement can be the dominant effect in some big cities in summer. Adding the gridded AH emissions can better describe the heterogeneous impacts of AH on regional meteorology and air quality, suggesting that more studies on AH should be carried out in climate and air quality assessments.

scholarly journals Recycling of construction and demolition waste during renovation of territories and pavements of large cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitali Chulkov ◽  
Bakhruz Nazirov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
The City ◽  
New Buildings

In the process of urbanization of large cities in different countries, there are similar problems of reorganization, involving the demolition of physically and morally obsolete buildings and structures, as well as the subsequent construction reorganization of the territories vacated or re-cut to the city. In the process of demolition of obsolete buildings and structures, as well as the construction of new buildings, inevitably significant amounts of waste and construction debris arise that should be recycled as much as possible into secondary building materials (to carry out the so-called «recycling» of waste). Types of construction reorganization of urban areas are divided into traditional, widely known and standardized (repair, reconstruction, restoration), and innovative, arising in the processes of reorganization of society. Among the innovative types of construction reorganization, renovation is currently the most relevant, meeting the need to renovate the dilapidated housing stock of cities. The article discusses the main types of construction waste generated during demolition and new construction, as well as the technologies used for recycling these wastes during the renovation of territories and pavements of large cities.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Policy Outcomes for Urban Resiliency in Informal Settlements Since Independence in Dhaka, Bangladesh: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 97-110
Author(s):  
Ishrat Momtaz Badhan ◽  
Asma Siddika
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Urban Migrants ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
Common Situation

Today’s cities are characterized by the process of urbanization, which in most cases is integrated with the escalation of informal settlements due to excessive migration followed by a housing crisis. This is a common situation for most cities in developing countries, such as Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh. Dhaka has emerged as one of the fastest growing megacities in recent times, which receives a major number of rural to urban migrants annually due to its growth as the major economic hub of Bangladesh. Dhaka has one of the largest populations among all global cities, which results in a critical challenge for urban areas that are experiencing very fast growing slum and squatter settlements. Considering the global concern toward urban resiliency, several policy approaches such as eviction, resettlement, and upgrading have been adopted to deal with slum (bastee) settlements of Dhaka since independence in 1972. The objective of this study is to analyse these adopted policies chronologically by reviewing the policy outcomes of other South Asian countries. The study follows a theoretical analysis from secondary resources and finally makes a summary of different policies and their outcomes.

scholarly journals Role of Negotiation in Upstream-Downstream Flood Protection: Demonstration in Role-Played Flooding Game

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Jan Brabec ◽  
Jan Macháč ◽  
Thomas Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Flood Risk ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Large River ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Downstream Effects ◽  
National Boundaries ◽  
Pareto Improving

Large river floods threaten intensively used urban areas across the world. Projections of IPCC expect such risks to increase in the future. To deal with flood risk along rivers water can be retained upstream at places where less damage is caused and more vulnerable land (downstream) can be adapted to the flood risk (resilient cities). This catchment-oriented approach to flood risk management implies that upstream and downstream parties need to agree on where to store and where to adapt to floods. However, this approach implies that many diverse stakeholders (such as mayors, spatial planners, homeowners, etc.) enter the decision-making process, which influences efficiency of the measure selection. Measures in a catchment of a river are often related and influence each other—what happens upstream can have substantial effects downstream. In particular, when rivers cross administrative or national boundaries, these upstream-downstream effects become an issue of hydro-diplomacy. Upstream is usually not motivated to implement measures from which mostly only downstream profits. Therefore, negotiation is necessary to find agreement between upstream and downstream and to implement the most effective and efficient measure. The negotiation becomes more complicated if multiple upstream and downstream parties are involved. In this contribution, a role-played game that tries to better understand the dynamics of negotiations in multiple upstream-downstream relationships is introduced. The game will be played with real stakeholders (mayors and river basin managers) and the dynamics of negotiation will be explored in different scenarios based on the Cultural Theory of Risk. This way, the game allows to compare effectiveness of negotiation in different scenarios. Beside the different institutional settings, the players’ level of flood risk aversion will be tested. The aim is to demonstrate (play) the game during the session focused on games and experiments. The attendees take on roles of mayors and will play one scenario of the game. The game shows how negotiations may (and indeed should from an economic point of view) lead to a Pareto-improving situation, making some players better off without worsening a situation of any other player. The demonstration presents the setup of the game and leads to discussion about results of the negotiations.

An Exploration of the Experiences of Migrant Women

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-23
Author(s):  
Jane Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Safety Education ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Seeking Safety ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
National Boundaries

Women across the world migrate for a wide range of reasons. Some gravitate to urban centres in their own countries seeking safety, education, health care, and employment opportunities. Others travel across national boundaries seeking reprieve from the atrocities of war and extreme poverty. Migration within countries is on the rise, as people move in response to adverse conditions such as lack of resources, services and education, and employment opportunities. In addition they may want to escape from violence or natural disasters. This movement of people from rural to urban areas has resulted in an explosive growth of cities around the globe. This paper draws on a research case study undertaken with the Kewapi language group in Port Moresby and the Batri Villages of the Southern Highlands in Papua New Guinea. It seeks to highlight the perspectives of women traveling vast distances from their home communities in order to seek education and health care. It explores the implications for developing effective service user focused health care systems designed to meet the needs of mobile and vulnerable women. The study suggests that if women and their families from remote rural communities are encouraged and facilitated in participating in health promoting initiatives they can dramatically improve their life and health experiences and that of their community.

scholarly journals Green areas in an urban area and provision of ecosystem services: a bibliometric and integrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supl. 2) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Maycon Jorge Ulisses Saraiva Farinha ◽  
André Geraldo Berezuk ◽  
Luciana Virginia Mario Bernardo
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
Bibliometric Review ◽  
Process Of Urbanization

The process of urbanization is accomplished by changes in land use, that is, by the interaction between man and nature, so that there is a common loss of green areas in cities. However, the need and importance of green areas inside urban areas has been emphasized in order to provide quality to the provision of ecosystem services. Such services favor the quality of life and human well-being of people living in urban areas. Thus, nature-based solution practices have been encouraged as a form of innovation for urban planning and to overcome problems in cities. An integrative and bibliometric review on urban green areas and ecosystem service provision was proposed from 2009 to 2019. Among the results, there is a growing interest in the topic. There is recognition of the importance of green areas for population needs regarding human physical and mental health. In addition, the need for public actions in favor of urban planning involving the issue is recognized in order to provide equal access to existing areas and/or in areas that will be created.

scholarly journals Apontamentos sobre a Maré: uma compreensão

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Julieta Nunes de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Spatial Segregation ◽  
Space Forms ◽  
Big Cities ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Low Rate

Em quadro marcado pelo fim da política de erradicação de favelas e permanência de moradores em assentamentos de baixa renda localizados em áreas próximas e disputadas dos centros urbanos das grandes cidades do país, aprimoram-se estratégias espaciais para lidar com estas desconfortantes proximidades. Este texto pretende explorar formas espaciais e dispositivos arquitetônicos e territoriais consolidados em nossa realidade, que tratam da incômoda presença de bolsões de pobreza inseridos em importantes áreas das cidades. Traduzem-se em mecanismos de afastamento, invisibilização, distanciamento, confinamento e isolamento dessas áreas em relação aos bairros vizinhos. A sistematização destes padrões apontados pela literatura envolvendo realidades de outras cidades se deu a partir da observação das relações do bairro da Maré (Rio de Janeiro) com suas áreas de entorno, a partir de aportes microfísicos durante os anos de expansão, reformulando seu papel e importância no contexto da cidade.Palavras-chave: favelas; áreas periféricas; segregação espacial; projetos urbanos. Abstract: In picture marked for the end of politics of eradication of slums and the permanence of inhabitants in low rate areas placed very close to desired urban areas of big cities in the country, space strategies are improved to deal with these uncomfortable proximities. This text intends to explore the space forms and territorial devices consolidated in our reality, which deal with the inconvenient presence of large amount of poverty inserted in important sections of the city. It is translated in mechanisms of separation, invisibility, distance, confinement and isolation of these patterns, mentioned by the literature concerning the realities of other cities, started from the observation of the relationship of the Maré District (Rio de Janeiro) with the areas around, in the explicitness of the microphysical contributes added all along the years in which the region has grown and reformulated its role and importance in the context of the city. Keywords: slums; peripheral areas; spatial segregation; urban projects.

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