scholarly journals Participant voice first: the Busara research agenda on ethical research in the Global South

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOEL MUMO ◽  
Busara Lab Busara Lab ◽  
Tom Wein ◽  
Nicholas Calbraith Owsley
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Ethical Practice ◽  
Quality Research ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
The World ◽  
Closing The Loop ◽  
Protection Of Participants

The use of experiments in social science has brought huge gains in our knowledge of the world. However, in recent debates, sharp critiques of the power imbalances of the discipline have been made. There have been some responses on how we can improve our approach to be more ethical. These responses have often conceived of research ethics rather narrowly, and not included wider responsibilities beyond the protection of participants. Often missing from both sides has been empirical study of the preferences of those research participants, and the societies they belong to. As part of our commitment to racial, gender and wider social justice, commitment to advancing the voices of research participants, and under the banner of our values of respect and purpose, Busara proposes to organise and formalise its agenda on research ethics. We will combine past learnings with new studies over the next three years, to deeply understand the experiences of research participants, and find better ways of closing the loop in communication with those participants. From there, we will co-create, test and disseminate changes to research processes and practices that improve participant welfare and uphold ever-higher standards of ethical practice. We believe that this is both more just, and likely to produce better quality research.

scholarly journals 'A Return to the World': Diffraction and Truth-telling in Post-Cartesian IR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liberty Chee
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Centripetal Force ◽  
Ir Theory ◽  
Truth Telling ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference

This paper presents an ethics premised on a post-Cartesian ontology: that what we know is how we know and vice-versa. The acknowledgment of the IR scholar’s constitutive relation to the world she seeks to describe, and of which she is a part, entails an ethics that is also a practice and an agency. I build on the notion of diffraction in Karen Barad’s quantum theory and on Foucault’s notion of parrhesia. In place of reflection, Barad offers diffraction as a nonrepresentationalist methodology which attends to the difference knowledge can make rather than the accuracy of our representations. Parrhesia is the ‘third hermeneutic’ which problematizes our relationship with the activity of knowing itself. In the pragmatist sense, we are asked not only to be of use to our communities, but to be mindful of who we are and what kind of subject we become in our inscriptions of the world. This diffractive research ethics addresses two problems in IR theory as they present in the conduct of fieldwork – the limits of reflexivity, notably the impossibility of objectively representing ourselves to ourselves, and the critique that the pragmatist concerns in the ‘doing’ of science pays insufficient attention to how power conditions knowledge production. I suggest that this ethic, which is a performance of our relation to truth, allows us to better realize the pragmatist ideal of a democratic social science by allowing us to resist the centripetal force of epistemic sovereignty.

scholarly journals Toward a Posthumanist Ethics of Qualitative Research in a Big Data Era

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 669-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha S. Mauthner
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Concern ◽  
Power Relationship ◽  
Ethical Practice ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Data Anonymization ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
The World

The Big Data phenomenon, and its uptake in qualitative research, raises ethical issues around data aggregation, data linkages, and data anonymization as well as concerns around changing meanings and possibilities of informed consent and privacy protection. In this article, I address the ethical issues that arise from Big Data through a posthumanist philosophical framework. The humanist ethics that underpins normative ethical concerns—as outlined above—focuses on the unequal power relationship between researchers and research subjects and the potential harm that research can cause to research participants. Ethical practice consists in following guidelines and codes of ethical conduct designed, not so much to avoid these power differentials, but to protect research participants from potential exploitation and infringements of their human rights. Unethical research is understood as research that breaches these principles and/or harms its research subjects. A posthumanist ethics treats knowledge-making itself as a matter of ethical concern. It shifts the focus away from the power of researchers over research participants toward the “world-making” powers of practices of inquiry: their ability to constitute (and not simply discover) the very nature of their objects/subjects of study. Its focus of ethical concern—what it regards as unethical—is research that claims to represent the world “as it really is.” On this approach, ethical practice consists in accounting for the ways in which research ontologically constitutes its objects and subjects of study. The critical intervention made possible by bringing a posthumanist perspective to bear on the ethics of qualitative research in a Big Data era is to foreground Big Data’s treatment of data as self-evident, and its positivist claim to represent the world innocently, accurately, and objectively, as matters of ethical concern.

scholarly journals Relational ethics in palliative care research: including a person-centred approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 263235241988538
Author(s):  
Erna Haraldsdottir ◽  
Anna Lloyd ◽  
Jan Dewing
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Relational Ethics ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Ethical Practice ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
The Relationship

The traditional approach to research ethics is to ensure that all ethical issues are adhered to through the scrutiny of research proposals by research ethics committees, themselves sitting within national research governance frameworks. The current approach implies that all potential ethical issues can be considered and mitigated prior to the research. This article is a perspective piece whereby we consider how this approach, on its own, is not enough to ensure ethical practice. We draw attention to the limitations of current ethical procedures in the inherent detachment between the researcher and research participants. We argue that applying a person-centred approach to research ethics allows for contextual and situational factors and places the relationship between research participants and researcher as central.

Ringtone

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Doz ◽  
Keeley Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Senior Managers ◽  
The World ◽  
Things Fall Apart ◽  
The Doors

In less than three decades, Nokia emerged from Finland to lead the mobile phone revolution. It grew to have one of the most recognizable and valuable brands in the world and then fell into decline, leading to the sale of its mobile phone business to Microsoft. This book explores and analyzes that journey and distills observations and lessons for anyone keen to understand what drove Nokia’s amazing success and sudden downfall. It is tempting to lay the blame for Nokia’s demise at the doors of Apple, Google, and Samsung, but this would be to ignore one very important fact: Nokia had begun to collapse from within well before any of these companies entered the mobile communications market, and this makes Nokia’s story all the more interesting. Observing from the position of privileged outsiders (with access to Nokia’s senior managers over the last twenty years and a more recent, concerted research agenda), this book describes and analyzes the various stages in Nokia’s journey. This is an inside story: one of leaders making strategic and organizational decisions, of their behavior and interactions, and of how they succeeded and failed to inspire and engage their employees. Perhaps most intriguingly, it is a story that opens the proverbial “black box” of why and how things actually happen at the top of organizations. Why did things fall apart? To what extent were avoidable mistakes made? Did the world around Nokia change too fast for it to adapt? Did Nokia’s success contain the seeds of its failure?

Challenges in the Empirical Study of Global Governance Legitimacy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Political Communities

This commentary discusses three challenges for the promising and ambitious research agenda outlined in the volume. First, it interrogates the volume’s attempts to differentiate political communities of legitimation, which may vary widely in composition, power, and relevance across institutions and geographies, with important implications not only for who matters, but also for what gets legitimated, and with what consequences. Second, it examines avenues to overcome possible trade-offs from gains in empirical tractability achieved through the volume’s focus on actor beliefs and strategies. One such trade-off is less attention to evolving norms and cultural factors that may underpin actors’ expectations about what legitimacy requires. Third, it addresses the challenge of theory building that can link legitimacy sources, (de)legitimation practices, audiences, and consequences of legitimacy across different types of institutions.

scholarly journals Emotional Impact of Dishes versus Wines on Restaurant Diners: From Haute Cuisine Open Innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Ana Mengual-Recuerda ◽  
Victoria Tur-Viñes ◽  
David Juárez-Varón ◽  
Faustino Alarcón-Valero
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Fundamental Importance ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
The World ◽  
Unique Experience ◽  
General Experience ◽  
High Level

Haute cuisine is emblematic in the world of tourism and is of fundamental importance in the economic and social life in most countries worldwide. Haute cuisine gastronomic experiences play with the senses, involving the diner, thus generating a unique experience for the customer. This empirical study aims to analyze the influence on the consumer of the characteristic stimuli of a high-level gastronomic experience in a restaurant with two Michelin stars. Using neuromarketing biometrics, combined with a qualitative research technique, the objective of this research was to determine the emotional impact of the presentation and tasting of dishes compared to wines and to draw conclusions about each variable in the general experience. The results indicate that the dishes have a greater influence on the level of interest than the wines, and both have a different emotional impact at different moments of the experience due to its duration.

From the Colonial to Feminist IR: Feminist IR Studies, the Wider FSS/GPE Research Agenda, and the Questions of Value, Valuation, Security, and Violence

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 739-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M. Agathangelou
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
International Politics ◽  
Security Studies ◽  
Global Political Economy ◽  
Personal Lives ◽  
Ir Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
Forms Of Violence

International relations (IR) feminists have significantly impacted the way we analyze the world and power. However, as Cynthia Enloe points out, “there are now signs—worrisome signs—that feminist analysts of international politics might be forgetting what they have shared” and are “making bricks to construct new intellectual barriers. That is not progress” (2015, 436). I agree. The project/process that has led to the separation/specialization of feminist security studies (FSS) and feminist global political economy (FGPE) does not constitute progress but instead ends up embodying forms of violence that erase the materialist bases of our intellectual labor's divisions (Agathangelou 1997), the historical and social constitution of our formations as intellectuals and subjects. This amnesiac approach evades our personal lives and colludes with those forces that allow for the violence that comes with abstraction. These “worrisome signs” should be explained if we are to move FSS and FGPE beyond a “merger” (Allison 2015) that speaks only to some issues and some humans in the global theater.

scholarly journals The conceit of activism in the illiberal university

2021 ◽  
pp. 147821032110034
Author(s):  
Bruce Macfarlane
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Think Tank ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Stance ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The University ◽  
Popular Image

The popular image of activism in the university involves students and academics campaigning for social justice and resisting the neo-liberalisation of the university. Yet activism has been subtly corporatised through the migration of corporate social responsibility from the private sector into the university, a trend that may be illustrated by reference to the growing influence of research ‘grand challenges’ (GCs). Attracting both government and philanthro-capitalist funding, GCs adopt a socio-political stance based on justice globalism and represent a responsibilisation of academic research interests. Compliance with the rhetoric of GCs and the virtues of inter-disciplinarity have become an article of faith for academics compelled to meet the expectations of research-intensive universities in chasing the prestige and resources associated with large grant capture. The responsibilisation of the efforts of researchers, via GCs, erodes academic ownership of the research agenda and weakens the purpose of the university as an independent think tank: the essence of the Humboldtian ideal. The conceit of corporate activism is that in seeking to solve the world’s problems, the university will inevitably create new ones. Instead, as Flexner argued, it is only by preserving the independence and positive ‘irresponsibility’ of researchers that universities can best serve the world.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Online Advertising on Consumers’ Mind – An Empirical Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.11) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Md Rashid Farooqi ◽  
Md Faiz Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Online Advertising ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
Online Advertisement ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This paper helps to investigate the effectiveness of online advertisement on consumers' mind. The data, which has been obtained from the respondents of Hyderabad, showed an impact on the consumers’ perception about the online advertising. A survey was conducted through structured questionnaire to obtain the data from the respondents of University of Hyderabad (UoH) and Maulana Azad National Urdu University (MANUU) situated in Hyderabad. A sample of 200 respondents were gathered with in a time frame of one month and their responses were analyzed with the help of Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) by using different statistical techniques in order to know the effectiveness of online advertisement on consumer mind. The outcome shows a positive impact of advertising on consumer’s mind.  

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