The Common Other Syrian : The Syrian Refugee Representation in the Context of Social Identity and Realistic Threat

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Çoksan ◽  
Canan Erdugan ◽  
Bengi Öner-Özkan
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Realistic Conflict Theory ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Ingroup Identification ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Financial Threat

The aim of the current study to describe representations about Syrian refugees of two major ethnic groups -Turks and Kurds- in the context of the Social Identity Approach and Realistic Conflict Theory. In addition, we aimed to examine the relationship between the participants' ingroup identification and their representations about Syrian refugees and to describe the difference between their representations in the context of being an advantaged or disadvantaged group in Turkey. We measured the ingroup identification of 34 participants, 16 of whom were women, with an average age of 39. We verbatim transcripted the semi-structured interview records, which lasted approximately 28 minutes, and revealed that 7 representations (Economic Burden and Financial Threat Syrian, Cultural Pollutant Syrian, Societal Destructive Syrian, İmmigrant Syrian, Syrian who Fled from Own Homeland, Beggar and Homeless Syrian, Syrian with Many Children) were emphasized in the answers of at least half of the participants. We found that participants' ingroup identification predicted the power of their "cultural pollutant Syrian representation", but no prediction for their "economic burden and financial threat Syrian representation". Moreover, according to the coding of the first rater, there was no difference between the Kurds and Turks in terms of the power of Syrian refugees to be represented as an economic threat, whereas according to the coding of the second rater, Turkish participants (advantaged group members) had more financial threat representation than Kurdish participants. In terms of the power of Syrian refugees to be represented as cultural pollutants between the Kurds and Turks, there was no difference according to the coding of both judges. Findings were discussed within the scope of the related literature.

Moving From Vertical to Horizontal

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
Denise Lynn Schilling ◽  
Kelley Sharp ◽  
Reid Waldman
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Contact Theory ◽  
Healthcare Team ◽  
Unconscious Bias ◽  
Realistic Conflict Theory

Unconscious bias impacts the ability to engage with interprofessional education activities. This bias comes in many forms and occurs for a variety of reasons. This chapter reviews the types of bias that frequently plague IPE and reviews common theories explaining this bias. Theories discussed in this chapter include social identity theory, realistic conflict theory, and Allport's contact theory. The purpose of this chapter is to assist readers with improving IPE engagement and help promote healthier communication among members of the healthcare team.

Low-status group members in the intergroup paradigm: Social identity and derogation of the ingroup

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Munhall ◽  
Mark Alicke ◽  
G. Daniel Lassiter ◽  
Amy Rosenblatt ◽  
Leah Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Status Group ◽  
Group Members

Reframing Xenophobia in South Africa as Colour-Blind: The Limits of the Afro Phobia Thesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-444
Author(s):  
Amanuel Isak Tewolde
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Black African ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Online Newspaper ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Realistic Conflict Theory

Many scholars and South African politicians characterize the widespread anti-foreigner sentiment and violence in South Africa as dislike against migrants and refugees of African origin which they named ‘Afro-phobia’. Drawing on online newspaper reports and academic sources, this paper rejects the Afro-phobia thesis and argues that other non-African migrants such as Asians (Pakistanis, Indians, Bangladeshis and Chinese) are also on the receiving end of xenophobia in post-apartheid South Africa. I contend that any ‘outsider’ (White, Asian or Black African) who lives and trades in South African townships and informal settlements is scapegoated and attacked. I term this phenomenon ‘colour-blind xenophobia’. By proposing this analytical framework and integrating two theoretical perspectives — proximity-based ‘Realistic Conflict Theory (RCT)’ and Neocosmos’ exclusivist citizenship model — I contend that xenophobia in South Africa targets those who are in close proximity to disadvantaged Black South Africans and who are deemed outsiders (e.g., Asian, African even White residents and traders) and reject arguments that describe xenophobia in South Africa as targeting Black African refugees and migrants.

Migration, Language, Identity: The Journey of Meixian Hakkas from Calcutta to Vienna

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Vollmann ◽  
◽  
Wooi Soon Tek ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Mutual Support ◽  
Minority Culture ◽  
Language Identity ◽  
Closed Group ◽  
Group Life ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Close Friendship ◽  
Younger Generation

Hakkas from Meizhou who migrated to Calcutta established suc¬cessful businesses, and then, in the 1970s to the 1990s, moved on to settle in Vienna (and Toronto). Prac¬ticing a closed-group life both in Vienna and across continents, the Hakkas preserved their lan¬gua¬ge and culture while adapting both to India and Austria in various ways. In a series of open interviews with Vienna-based Hakkas, questions of identity and the preservation of a minority culture are raised. In dependence to age, the consultants have very different personal identities behind a shared social identity of being ‘Indian Hak¬ka¬s,’ which is, however, mostly borne out of practical considerations of mutual support and certain cultural practices. As mi¬grants, they can profit from close friendship and loyalty between group members, sharing the same pro¬fes¬sions, marrying inside the group, and speaking their own language. Questions of identity are most¬ly relevant for the younger generation which has to deal with a confusingly layered familial iden¬tity.

Individual differences in response to sibling birth among free-ranging yearling rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) on Cayo Santiago

Behaviour ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 140 (7) ◽  
pp. 899-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Dynamic Assessment ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Maternal Aggression ◽  
Cayo Santiago ◽  
Focal Animal ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Free Ranging

AbstractThe birth of a younger sibling is a normal event in the life of a nonhuman primate, yet commonly it is thought to be a stressful transition for the older sibling. In our previous research, we found that yearling rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) experienced increases in one mild form of distress but no significant increases in overt forms of distress, in spite of significant reductions in mother-yearling interaction. Nevertheless, some individual yearlings were distressed by this transition and here we examine variables that may structure individual differences in distress. We observed 31 yearling rhesus monkeys on Cayo Santiago, Puerto Rico, during the month before and month after their siblings' births using focal animal sampling methods. Attachment theory (Bowlby, 1969), parent-offspring conflict theory (Trivers, 1974), and dynamic assessment models (Bateson, 1994) all predict a relationship between reduction in maternal care and increase in offspring distress, yet no previous study of sibling birth in primates has examined this relationship. We found that the reduction in the proportion of time on the nipple from the month before sibling birth to the month after was related to the rate of geckering (a distress vocalization) after sibling birth, and that the increase in time out of sight of the mother was related to the proportion of time yearlings spent in a tense state after sibling birth. Maternal aggression after sibling birth also was related to the yearlings' rate of geckering. Yearling distress was related to qualities of the mother-yearling relationship, in that yearlings that had relatively greater responsibility for maintaining proximity with their mothers before sibling birth were relatively more tense afterwards. Yearlings displayed increases in play, grooming, and contact with group members other than the mother after sibling birth, suggesting a marked shift toward greater maturity in their social relationships.

scholarly journals A Study of the Understated Violence Within Social Contexts Against Adolescent Girls

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Shivangi Nigam ◽  
Niranjana Soperna
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual

Violence against women is linked to their disadvantaged position in the society. It is rooted in unequal power relationships between men and women in society and is a global problem which is not limited to a specific group of women in society. An adolescent girl’s life is often accustomed to the likelihood of violence, and acts of violence exert additional power over girls because the stigma of violence often attaches more to a girl than to the  perpetrator. The experience of violence is distressing at the individual emotional and physical level. The field of research and programmes for adolescent girls has traditionally focused on sexuality, reproductive health, and behaviour, neglecting the broader social issues that underpin adolescent girls’ human rights, overall development, health, and well-being. This paper is an endeavour to address the understated or disguised form of violence which the adolescent girls experience within the social contexts. The parameters exposed under this research had been ignored to a large extent when it comes to studying the dimension of violence under the social domain. Hence, the researchers attempted to explore this camouflaged form of violence and discovered some specific parameters such as: Diminished Self Worth and Esteem, Verbal Abuse, Menstruation Taboo and Social Rigidity, Negligence of Medical and Health Facilities and Complexion- A Prime Parameter for Judging Beauty. The study was conducted in the districts of Haryana (India) where personal interviews were taken from both urban and rural adolescent girls (aged 13 to 19 years) based on  a structured interview schedule. The results revealed that the adolescent girls, both in urban as well as rural areas were quite affected with the above mentioned issues. In urban areas, however, due to the higher literacy rate, which resulted in more rational thinking, the magnitude was comparatively smaller, but the difference was still negligible.  

scholarly journals Student’s thinking to identify concave plane based on Gregorc model

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-121
Author(s):  
Surya Enjang Krisdiantoro ◽  
Erlina Prihatnani
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Thinking Styles ◽  
Thinking Style ◽  
9Th Grade ◽  
Mathematics Knowledge ◽  
Thinking Process ◽  
Thinking Processes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Constructing Knowledge

[English]: Mathematics learning should facilitate students' construction of knowledge. In constructing mathematics knowledge, students involve various types of thinking processes and styles. This qualitative research aimed to describe the process of students’ thinking in identifying concave plane based on Gregorc’s model of thinking style. It involved thirty-three 9th-grade students with a different style of thinking. Data were collected through tests, questionnaire, and non-structured interview then descriptively analyzed to reveal students’ thinking process and styles.  The present study found two different thinking styles, namely Sequential Concrete (SC) and Random Abstract (RA) from students who successfully identified the concave plane as a kite. There were different thinking processes in the development of definition, opinion, and conclusions from subjects with different thinking styles. However, the difference in the thinking process from each thinking styles do not hamper students’ success in constructing knowledge. Keywords: Thinking process, Concave place, Thinking style, Gregorc model [Bahasa]: Pembelajaran matematika seharusnya memfasilitasi siswa membangun pengetahuan sendiri. Dalam membangun pengetahuan, siswa melibatkan beragam proses dan gaya berpikir. Penelitian kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses berpikir siswa dalam mengidentifikasi bangun datar concave berdasarkan gaya berpikir model Gregorc. Subjek penelitian adalah 33 siswa kelas IX SMP yang memiliki gaya berpikir berbeda. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes, angket, dan wawancara non-terstruktur kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk mengungkap gaya dan proses berpikir siswa. Penelitian ini menemukan dua gaya berpikir berbeda yaitu Sekuensial Konkret dan Acak Abstrak dari siswa yang berhasil mengidentifikasi bangun datar concavesebagai layang-layang. Terdapat perbedaan proses berpikir dalam pembentukan pengertian, pembentukan pendapat, dan penarikan kesimpulan dari siswa dengan gaya berpikir berbeda. Namun demikan, perbedaan gaya berpikir dari setiap proses berpikir tidak membatasi keberhasilan siswa dalam mengkonstruksi suatu pengetahuan. Kata kunci: Proses berpikir, Gaya berpikir, Bangun concave, Model Gregorc  

scholarly journals In Praise of Irrationality: Self, "East" and "West" in Greek Teachers' Speeches on National Day Commemorations

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucianna Benincasa
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
The West ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Social Creativity ◽  
East And West

In this qualitative study of school discourse on national day commemorations, focus is on the "social creativity strategies" through which group members can improve their social identity. Discourse analysis was carried out on thirty-nine teachers' speeches delivered in Greek schools between 1998 and 2004. The speakers scorn rationality and logic, stereotypically attributed to "the West" (a "West" which is perceived not to include Greece), as cold and not human. The Greeks' successful national struggles are presented instead as the result of irrationality. They claim irrationality to be the most human and thus the most valuable quality, which places Greece first in the world hierarchy. The results are further discussed in terms of their implications for learning and teaching in the classroom, as well as for policy and research.

Individual vs Group Learning: Note on Two Task Variables

1968 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 757-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman S. Napier
Keyword(s):  
Present Experiment ◽  
Group Formation ◽  
Group Learning ◽  
Nominal Groups ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Task Variables ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Puzzle Task

The pooling of abilities or nominal groups technique was used in the present experiment to compare individuals with two-person groups on a picture-puzzle task. When size of the task was limited to a part (one-fourth) of the puzzle or the duration of the task was restricted to a few (four) trials, no difference between individuals and groups was evident. However, as task size and number of trials increased, groups performed at a significantly higher level than individuals. The difference was discussed in terms of information available to group members and the time required for group formation.

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