scholarly journals Replicability and generalizability of PTSD networks: A cross-cultural multisite study of PTSD symptoms in four trauma patient samples

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiko I Fried
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Network Structures ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Correlation Matrices ◽  
Total N ◽  
Correlation Networks ◽  
Code Model ◽  
Symptom Profiles

The growing literature conceptualizing mental disorders like Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) as networks of interacting symptoms faces three key challenges. Prior studies predominantly used (a) small samples with low power for precise estimation, (b) non-clinical samples, and (c) single samples. This renders network structures in clinical data, and the extent to which networks replicate across datasets, unknown. To overcome these limitations, the present cross-cultural multisite study estimated regularized partial correlation networks of 16 PTSD symptoms across four datasets of traumatized patients receiving treatment for PTSD (total N=2,782). Despite differences in culture, trauma-type and severity of the samples, considerable similarities emerged, with moderate to high correlations between symptom profiles (0.43-0.82), network structures (0.62-0.74), and centrality estimates (0.63-0.75). We discuss the importance of future replicability efforts to improve clinical psychological science, and provide code, model output, and correlation matrices to make the results of this paper fully reproducible.

scholarly journals Replicability and Generalizability of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Networks: A Cross-Cultural Multisite Study of PTSD Symptoms in Four Trauma Patient Samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiko I. Fried ◽  
Marloes B. Eidhof ◽  
Sabina Palic ◽  
Giulio Costantini ◽  
Hilde M. Huisman-van Dijk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Network Structures ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Total N ◽  
Correlation Networks

The growing literature conceptualizing mental disorders like posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as networks of interacting symptoms faces three key challenges. Prior studies predominantly used (a) small samples with low power for precise estimation, (b) nonclinical samples, and (c) single samples. This renders network structures in clinical data, and the extent to which networks replicate across data sets, unknown. To overcome these limitations, the present cross-cultural multisite study estimated regularized partial correlation networks of 16 PTSD symptoms across four data sets of traumatized patients receiving treatment for PTSD (total N = 2,782). Despite differences in culture, trauma type, and severity of the samples, considerable similarities emerged, with moderate to high correlations between symptom profiles (0.43–0.82), network structures (0.62–0.74), and centrality estimates (0.63–0.75). We discuss the importance of future replicability efforts to improve clinical psychological science and provide code, model output, and correlation matrices to make the results of this article fully reproducible.

scholarly journals The Replicability and Generalizability of Internalizing Symptom Networks Across Five Samples

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carter J. Funkhouser ◽  
Kelly Correa
Keyword(s):  
Network Structure ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total N ◽  
Correlation Networks ◽  
Global Strength ◽  
Central Symptom

The popularity of network analysis in psychopathology research has increased exponentially in recent years. Yet, little research has examined the replicability of cross-sectional psychopathology network models, and those that have used single items for symptoms rather than multi-item scales. The present study therefore examined the replicability and generalizability of regularized partial correlation networks of internalizing symptoms within and across five samples (total N = 2,573) using the Inventory for Depression and Anxiety Symptoms, a factor analytically-derived measure of individual internalizing symptoms. As different metrics may yield different conclusions about the replicability of network parameters, we examined both global and specific metrics of similarity between networks. Correlations within and between nonclinical samples suggested considerable global similarities in network structure (rss = .53-.87) and centrality strength (rss = .37-.86), but weaker similarities in network structure (rss = .36-.66) and centrality (rss = .04-.54) between clinical and nonclinical samples. Global strength (i.e., connectivity) did not significantly differ across all five networks and few edges (0-5.5%) significantly differed between networks. Specific metrics of similarity indicated that, on average, approximately 80% of edges were consistently estimated within and between all five samples. The most central symptom (i.e., dysphoria) was consistent within and across samples, but there were few other matches in centrality rank-order. In sum, there were considerable similarities in network structure, the presence and sign of individual edges, and the most central symptom within and across internalizing symptom networks estimated from nonclinical samples, but global metrics suggested network structure and symptom centrality had weak to moderate generalizability from nonclinical to clinical samples.

Differences in anxiety and depression symptoms: comparison between older and younger clinical samples

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1523-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviana M. Wuthrich ◽  
Carly J. Johnco ◽  
Julie L. Wetherell
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Symptom Profiles

ABSTRACTBackground:Anxiety and depression symptoms change over the lifespan and older adults use different terms to describe their mental health, contributing to under identification of anxiety and depression in older adults. To date, research has not examined these differences in younger and older samples with comorbid anxiety and depression.Methods:One hundred and seven treatment-seeking participants (47 older, 60% female, and 60 younger, 50% female) with anxiety and mood disorders completed the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule and a symptom checklist to examine differences in symptom severity, symptom profiles and terms used to describe anxiety and mood.Results:The findings indicated several key differences between the presentation and description of anxiety and depression in younger and older adults. Older adults with Social Phobia reported fearing a narrower range of social situations and less distress and interference. Older adults with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) reported less worry about interpersonal relationships and work/school than younger adults, however, there were no differences between age groups for behavioral symptoms endorsed. Further older adults reported phobia of lifts/small spaces more frequently than younger adults. Depressed older depressed adults also reported more anhedonia compared to younger adults, but no differences in terms of reported sadness were found. Finally, older and younger adults differed in their descriptions of symptoms with older adults describing anxiety as feeling stressed and tense, while younger adults described anxiety as feeling anxious, worried or nervous.Conclusions:Clinicians need to assess symptoms broadly to avoid missing the presence of anxiety and mood disorders especially in older adults.

Cross-cultural confirmation of bi-factor models of a symptom distress measure: Symptom Checklist-90-Revised in clinical samples

2016 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 265-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Róbert Urbán ◽  
Willem A. Arrindell ◽  
Zsolt Demetrovics ◽  
Zsolt Unoka ◽  
Reinier Timman
Keyword(s):  
Factor Models ◽  
Symptom Distress ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Symptom Checklist

scholarly journals Interactive Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury and Anxiety Sensitivity on PTSD Symptoms: A Replication and Extension in Two Clinical Samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 510-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Albanese ◽  
Richard J. Macatee ◽  
Joseph W. Boffa ◽  
Craig J. Bryan ◽  
Michael J. Zvolensky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Anxiety Sensitivity ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms

scholarly journals Culture and Depression: A Cross-Cultural Meta-Analysis of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Nicholas Davies
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Country Level

<p>Cultural differences in the prevalence and symptomatology of depression have been well documented. Eastern samples typically display lower prevalence rates of depression coupled with greater reporting of somatic symptoms, while Western samples have higher prevalence rates and report more psychological symptoms. Scholars have argued that both collectivism and economic factors might explain these cultural differences. Less emphasis has been placed on cultural differences of depression levels, and whether dimensions of cultural variability and country-level factors can explain any observed differences. This study reports a cross-cultural meta-analysis of studies using the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), examining mean scores of the SDS across 89,989 individuals from 30 countries. As expected, clinical samples showed higher depression scores compared to general population samples. Notably, income inequality (indexed by the Gini index) was weakly related to SDS scores, with higher levels of depression observed in nations with lower levels of inequality. In addition, SDS scores were not related to measures of collectivism. The results suggest that while economic factors do influence depression levels in a given society, differences in the emphasis societies place on the interdependence between individuals and the group do not exert any influence.</p>

The Content and Correlates of Belief in Karma Across Cultures

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1184-1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindel J. M. White ◽  
Ara Norenzayan ◽  
Mark Schaller
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Psychological Predictors ◽  
Just World ◽  
World Religions ◽  
Total N ◽  
Just World Belief ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds ◽  
The World

Karmic beliefs, centered on the expectation of ethical causation within and across lifetimes, appear in major world religions as well as spiritual movements around the world, yet they remain an underexplored topic in psychology. In three studies, we assessed the psychological predictors of Karmic beliefs among participants from culturally and religiously diverse backgrounds, including ethnically and religiously diverse students in Canada, and broad national samples of adults from Canada, India, and the United States (total N = 8,996). Belief in Karma is associated with, but not reducible to, theoretically related constructs including belief in a just world, belief in a moralizing God, religious participation, and cultural context. Belief in Karma also uniquely predicts causal attributions for misfortune. Together, these results show the value of measuring explicit belief in Karma in cross-cultural studies of justice, religion, and social cognition.

Assessing Psychopathology in Korean Immigrants: Some Preliminary Results on the SCL-90

1992 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 640-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Noh ◽  
William R. Avison
Keyword(s):  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Korean Immigrants ◽  
Measurement Scales ◽  
Cultural Validity ◽  
Symptom Profiles ◽  
Community Norms ◽  
Original Scale ◽  
The Cross

The goal of this study was to respond to a pressing need for translated versions of existing measurement scales that can reliably and validly rate degree of psychopathology among various groups of Asian immigrants. Specifically, the study investigated the cross-cultural utility of the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) by examining scores of community and patient samples of Korean immigrants and comparing them with norms for Americans and for Koreans living in Korea. Several analyses were also performed to establish the cross-cultural utility of the SCL-90. First, the reliability of the Korean version of SCL-90 was compatible with that of the original scale. Second, the scores of patient samples were unequivocally escalated compared with the scores of community samples within each population (Koreans, Korean immigrants and Americans), providing a partial confirmation of the concurrent validity of the SCL-90. Third, the cross-cultural validity of the scale was assessed by examining the scores of the patient samples. As expected, both symptom profiles and symptom levels were virtually invariant in the three patient samples. However, results of the study were clear in demonstrating that the SCL-90 scores of the community sample of Korean immigrants were substantially higher than the community norms of both North American and Korean samples.

CROSS-CULTURAL COMPARISON OF CLINICAL SAMPLES OF NORWEGIAN AND IOWAN WOMEN WITH SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS

2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (14) ◽  
pp. 2087-2112
Author(s):  
Anne Helene Skinstad ◽  
Annette Swain ◽  
Michele J. Eliason ◽  
Kathryn Gerken
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Cultural Comparison ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
Substance Related Disorders
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